[studio] Make FileInfo free resources on close

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+sample_project text eol=lf

.gitignore

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@
 .mypy_cache
 .stfolder
 .stignore
+.vs
 util/scripts/__pycache__
 pyenv
 CMakeLists.txt.user
 ROM.oxfs
 Session.vim
 build
+cmake-build-*
 compile_commands.json
 dist
 graph_info.json

Makefile

@@ -14,28 +14,56 @@ endif
 PROJECT_PLAYER=./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME_CAP}
 
 .PHONY: pkg-gba
-pkg-gba: build
+pkg-gba: build-pack build-gba-player
-	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./util/scripts/pkg-gba.py sample_project ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./util/scripts/pkg-gba.py sample_project ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME_CAP}
+
+.PHONY: pkg-mac
+pkg-mac: install
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./util/scripts/pkg-dmg.py NostalgiaStudio
+
+.PHONY: generate-studio-rsrc
+generate-studio-rsrc:
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./util/scripts/file-to-cpp.py --rsrc src/olympic/studio/applib/src/rsrc.json
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./util/scripts/file-to-cpp.py --rsrc src/nostalgia/studio/rsrc.json
+
+.PHONY: build-gba-player
+build-gba-player:
+	cmake --build ./build/gba-*
 
 .PHONY: build-player
 build-player:
 	${BC_CMD_CMAKE_BUILD} ${BC_VAR_BUILD_PATH} ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME_CAP}
+
+.PHONY: build-pack
+build-pack:
+	cmake --build ./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD} --target ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}-pack
+
+
 .PHONY: run
 run: build-player
 	${PROJECT_PLAYER} sample_project
+
+.PHONY: build-studio
+build-studio:
+	cmake --build ./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD} --target ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME_CAP}Studio
+
 .PHONY: run-studio
-run-studio: build
+run-studio: build-studio
 	${PROJECT_STUDIO}
+
 .PHONY: gba-run
 gba-run: pkg-gba
-	${MGBA} ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}.gba
+	${MGBA} ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME_CAP}.gba
+
 .PHONY: debug
 debug: build
-	${BC_CMD_HOST_DEBUGGER} ./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME} sample_project
+	${BC_CMD_HOST_DEBUGGER} ${PROJECT_PLAYER} sample_project
+
 .PHONY: debug-studio
 debug-studio: build
 	${BC_CMD_HOST_DEBUGGER} ${PROJECT_STUDIO}
 
+
 .PHONY: configure-gba
 configure-gba:
 	${BC_CMD_SETUP_BUILD} --toolchain=deps/gbabuildcore/cmake/modules/GBA.cmake --target=gba --current_build=0 --build_type=release --build_root=${BC_VAR_BUILD_PATH}
@@ -43,3 +71,25 @@ configure-gba:
 .PHONY: configure-gba-debug
 configure-gba-debug:
 	${BC_CMD_SETUP_BUILD} --toolchain=deps/gbabuildcore/cmake/modules/GBA.cmake --target=gba --current_build=0 --build_type=debug --build_root=${BC_VAR_BUILD_PATH}
+
+.PHONY: loc
+loc:
+	${BC_PY3} util/scripts/loc.py \
+		--search-dirs \
+			src \
+			deps/ox/src \
+			deps/buildcore \
+			deps/gbabuildcore \
+			deps/glutils \
+			deps/teagba \
+		--include-exts \
+			.cpp \
+			.hpp \
+			.py \
+			.s \
+			.cmake \
+		--exclude-paths \
+			deps/teagba/src/gba_crt0.s \
+			src/olympic/studio/applib/src/font.cpp \
+			src/olympic/studio/applib/src/font.hpp \
+			src/nostalgia/studio/icondata.cpp

deps/buildcore/scripts/pybb.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 # "Python Busy Box" - adds cross-platform equivalents to Unix commands that
 #                     don't translate well to that other operating system
 
+import multiprocessing
 import os
 import platform
 import shutil
@@ -57,7 +58,11 @@ def cmake_build(base_path: str, target: Optional[str]) -> int:
         path = os.path.join(base_path, d)
         if not os.path.isdir(path):
             continue
-        args = ['cmake', '--build', path]
+        args = ['cmake', '--build', path, f'-j{multiprocessing.cpu_count()}']
+        if path.endswith('release'):
+            args.append('--config=release')
+        elif path.endswith('debug'):
+            args.append('--config=debug')
         if target is not None:
             args.extend(['--target', target])
         err = subprocess.run(args).returncode

deps/glutils/include/glutils/glutils.hpp

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ struct GLObject: public Base {
 		return id;
 	}
 
-	constexpr operator const GLuint&() const noexcept {
+	constexpr operator GLuint const&() const noexcept {
 		return id;
 	}
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ struct FrameBuffer {
 		return fbo.id;
 	}
 
-	constexpr operator const GLuint&() const noexcept {
+	constexpr operator GLuint const&() const noexcept {
 		return fbo.id;
 	}
 
@@ -158,14 +158,14 @@ struct FrameBuffer {
 
 class FrameBufferBind {
 	private:
-		static const FrameBuffer *s_activeFb;
+		static FrameBuffer const *s_activeFb;
-		const FrameBuffer *m_restoreFb = nullptr;
+		FrameBuffer const *m_restoreFb = nullptr;
 	public:
-		explicit FrameBufferBind(const FrameBuffer &fb) noexcept;
+		explicit FrameBufferBind(FrameBuffer const &fb) noexcept;
 		~FrameBufferBind() noexcept;
 };
 
-void bind(const FrameBuffer &fb) noexcept;
+void bind(FrameBuffer const &fb) noexcept;
 
 struct ShaderVarSet {
 	GLsizei len{};
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ struct ProgramSource {
 	ox::Vector<glutils::ShaderVarSet> const shaderParams;
 	GLsizei const rowLen = [this] {
 		GLsizei len{};
-		for (auto const&v : shaderParams) {
+		for (auto const &v : shaderParams) {
 			len += v.len;
 		}
 		return len;
@@ -187,23 +187,23 @@ struct ProgramSource {
 	ox::String const geomShader{};
 };
 
-ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(ProgramSource const&src) noexcept;
+ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(ProgramSource const &src) noexcept;
 
 ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(
-		ox::CStringView const&vert,
+		ox::CStringView const &vert,
-		ox::CStringView const&frag,
+		ox::CStringView const &frag,
-		ox::CStringView const&geo = "") noexcept;
+		ox::CStringView const &geo = "") noexcept;
 
 void setupShaderParams(
-		GLProgram const&shader,
+		GLProgram const &shader,
-		ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const&vars,
+		ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const &vars,
 		GLsizei vertexRowLen) noexcept;
 
-void setupShaderParams(GLProgram const&shader, ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const&vars) noexcept;
+void setupShaderParams(GLProgram const &shader, ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const &vars) noexcept;
 
-glutils::GLVertexArray generateVertexArrayObject() noexcept;
+GLVertexArray generateVertexArrayObject() noexcept;
 
-glutils::GLBuffer generateBuffer() noexcept;
+GLBuffer generateBuffer() noexcept;
 
 [[nodiscard]]
 FrameBuffer generateFrameBuffer(int width, int height) noexcept;
@@ -215,20 +215,20 @@ void resizeFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept;
  */
 void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept;
 
-void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, ox::Size const&sz) noexcept;
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, ox::Size const &sz) noexcept;
 
 struct BufferSet {
-	glutils::GLVertexArray vao;
+	GLVertexArray vao;
-	glutils::GLBuffer vbo;
+	GLBuffer vbo;
-	glutils::GLBuffer ebo;
+	GLBuffer ebo;
-	glutils::GLTexture tex;
+	GLTexture tex;
 	ox::Vector<float> vertices;
 	ox::Vector<GLuint> elements;
 };
 
-void sendVbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept;
+void sendVbo(BufferSet const &bs) noexcept;
 
-void sendEbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept;
+void sendEbo(BufferSet const &bs) noexcept;
 
 void clearScreen() noexcept;
 

deps/glutils/src/glutils.cpp

@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ template struct GLObject<deleteVertexArray>;
 template struct GLObject<deleteProgram>;
 template struct GLObject<deleteShader>;
 
-const FrameBuffer *FrameBufferBind::s_activeFb = nullptr;
+FrameBuffer const *FrameBufferBind::s_activeFb = nullptr;
 
-FrameBufferBind::FrameBufferBind(const FrameBuffer &fb) noexcept: m_restoreFb(s_activeFb) {
+FrameBufferBind::FrameBufferBind(FrameBuffer const &fb) noexcept: m_restoreFb(s_activeFb) {
 	s_activeFb = &fb;
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fb);
 	glViewport(0, 0, fb.width, fb.height);
@@ -64,15 +64,15 @@ FrameBufferBind::~FrameBufferBind() noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-void bind(const FrameBuffer &fb) noexcept {
+void bind(FrameBuffer const &fb) noexcept {
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fb);
 	glViewport(0, 0, fb.width, fb.height);
 }
 
 
 static ox::Result<GLShader> buildShader(
-		GLuint shaderType,
+		GLuint const shaderType,
-		const GLchar *src,
+		GLchar const *src,
 		ox::StringViewCR shaderName) noexcept {
 	GLShader shader(glCreateShader(shaderType));
 	glShaderSource(shader, 1, &src, nullptr);
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ static ox::Result<GLShader> buildShader(
 	return shader;
 }
 
-ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(ProgramSource const&src) noexcept {
+ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(ProgramSource const &src) noexcept {
 	OX_REQUIRE_M(program, buildShaderProgram(
 			src.vertShader,
 			src.fragShader,
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(ProgramSource const&src) noexcept {
 }
 
 void setupShaderParams(
-		GLProgram const&shader,
+		GLProgram const &shader,
-		ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const&vars,
+		ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const &vars,
 		GLsizei vertexRowLen) noexcept {
 	// setup vars
-	for (size_t lenWritten = 0; auto const&v : vars) {
+	for (size_t lenWritten = 0; auto const &v : vars) {
 		auto const attr = static_cast<GLuint>(glGetAttribLocation(shader, v.name.c_str()));
 		glEnableVertexAttribArray(attr);
 		glVertexAttribPointer(
@@ -113,19 +113,19 @@ void setupShaderParams(
 	}
 }
 
-void setupShaderParams(GLProgram const&shader, ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const&vars) noexcept {
+void setupShaderParams(GLProgram const &shader, ox::Vector<ShaderVarSet> const &vars) noexcept {
 	// get row len
 	GLsizei vertexRowLen{};
-	for (auto const&v : vars) {
+	for (auto const &v : vars) {
 		vertexRowLen += v.len;
 	}
 	setupShaderParams(shader, vars, vertexRowLen);
 }
 
 ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(
-		ox::CStringView const&vert,
+		ox::CStringView const &vert,
-		ox::CStringView const&frag,
+		ox::CStringView const &frag,
-		ox::CStringView const&geo) noexcept {
+		ox::CStringView const &geo) noexcept {
 	GLProgram prgm(glCreateProgram());
 	OX_REQUIRE(vs, buildShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vert.c_str(), "vshad"));
 	glAttachShader(prgm, vs);
@@ -162,16 +162,30 @@ FrameBuffer generateFrameBuffer(int width, int height) noexcept {
 	// color texture
 	glGenTextures(1, &fb.color.id);
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color);
-	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
+	glTexImage2D(
+		GL_TEXTURE_2D,
+		0,
+		GL_RGB,
+		width,
+		height,
+		0,
+		GL_RGB,
+		GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
+		nullptr);
 	glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
-	glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color, 0);
+	glFramebufferTexture2D(
+		GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color, 0);
 	// depth texture
 	glGenRenderbuffers(1, &fb.depth.id);
 	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, fb.depth);
 	glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, width, height);
-	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, fb.depth);
+	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(
+		GL_FRAMEBUFFER,
+		GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT,
+		GL_RENDERBUFFER,
+		fb.depth);
 	// verify FBO
 	oxAssert(glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) == GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE, "Frame Buffer is incomplete");
 	// restore primary FB
@@ -189,7 +203,16 @@ void resizeFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fb);
 	// color texture
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color);
-	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
+	glTexImage2D(
+		GL_TEXTURE_2D,
+		0,
+		GL_RGB,
+		width,
+		height,
+		0,
+		GL_RGB,
+		GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
+		nullptr);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
 	// depth texture
@@ -201,7 +224,7 @@ void resizeFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
 	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 0);
 }
 
-void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int const width, int const height) noexcept {
 	if (!fb) {
 		fb = generateFrameBuffer(width, height);
 		return;
@@ -209,18 +232,18 @@ void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
 	resizeFrameBuffer(fb, width, height);
 }
 
-void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, ox::Size const&sz) noexcept {
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, ox::Size const &sz) noexcept {
 	resizeInitFrameBuffer(fb, sz.width, sz.height);
 }
 
-void sendVbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept {
+void sendVbo(BufferSet const &bs) noexcept {
-	const auto bufferSize = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(decltype(bs.vertices)::value_type) * bs.vertices.size());
+	auto const bufferSize = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(decltype(bs.vertices)::value_type) * bs.vertices.size());
 	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bs.vbo);
 	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bufferSize, bs.vertices.data(), GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
 }
 
-void sendEbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept {
+void sendEbo(BufferSet const &bs) noexcept {
-	const auto bufferSize = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(decltype(bs.elements)::value_type) * bs.elements.size());
+	auto const bufferSize = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(decltype(bs.elements)::value_type) * bs.elements.size());
 	glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, bs.ebo);
 	glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, bufferSize, bs.elements.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
 }

deps/ox/ox-docs.md

@@ -28,10 +28,7 @@ All components have a platform indicator next to them:
 Ox provides ```ox::Error``` to report errors.
 ```ox::Error``` is a struct that has overloaded operators to behave like an
 integer error code, plus some extra fields to enhance debuggability.
-If instantiated through the ```OxError(x)``` macro, it will also include the
+```ox::Error```s will also include the file and line of the error.
-file and line of the error.
-The ```OxError(x)``` macro should only be used for the initial instantiation of
-an ```ox::Error```.
 
 In addition to ```ox::Error``` there is also the template ```ox::Result<T>```.
 ```ox::Result``` simply wraps the type T value in a struct that also includes
@@ -49,7 +46,7 @@ ox::Result<int> foo(int i) noexcept {
 	if (i < 10) {
 		return i + 1; // implicitly calls ox::Result<T>::Result(T)
 	}
-	return OxError(1); // implicitly calls ox::Result<T>::Result(ox::Error)
+	return ox::Error(1); // implicitly calls ox::Result<T>::Result(ox::Error)
 }
 
 int caller1() {
@@ -181,6 +178,216 @@ variant for creating a non-const value.
 
 * ```OX_REQUIRE_M``` - OX_REQUIRE Mutable
 
+### Ox String Types
+
+Ox has six different major string types.
+These types are divided into two categories: store types and view types.
+
+String stores maintain a copy of the string data, whereas view types only
+maintain a reference to the data.
+Views should be used where you otherwise might use a const reference to a
+string store type.
+
+Having all of these different string types may sound like an interoperability
+nightmare, but taking string view types extensively where applicable makes the
+imagined interoperability issues virtually non-existent.
+
+#### String Store Types
+
+##### String / BasicString
+
+```ox::String```, or really ```ox::BasicString```, is Ox's version of
+```std::string```.
+Like ```std::string```, ```String``` allocates to store the string data.
+Also like ```std::string```, ```String``` allows for small string
+optimization for strings under 8 bytes.
+Unlike ```std::string```, the template that ```String``` is based on,
+```BasicString```, takes a parameter that allows adjusting to different size
+small string buffers.
+```ox::String``` is an alias to ```ox::BasicString<8>```.
+
+```cpp
+// s can hold up to 100 bytes, plus one for a null terminator before allocating
+ox::BasicString<100> s;
+```
+Also unlike ```std::string```, ```ox::String``` has an explicit C-string conversion
+constructor.
+This prevents accidental instantiations of ```String```.
+
+Consider the following:
+
+```cpp
+void fStd(std::string const&);
+void fOx(ox::String const&);
+
+int main() {
+    // implicit and silent instantiation of std::string, which includes an
+    // allocation
+    fStd("123456789");
+    // Will fail to compile:
+    fOx("123456789");
+    // But explicit String instantiation will work:
+    fOx(ox::String{"123456789"});
+}
+```
+
+##### IString
+
+```IString```, or "inline string", is like ```BasicString```, but it will cut
+off strings that exceed that limit.
+
+```cpp
+ox::IString<5> s; // s can hold up to 5 characters, plus a null terminator
+s = "12345";      // valid
+s = "123456";     // will compile and run, but will get cut off at '5'
+```
+
+This is useful for certain string categories that have fixed lengths, like UUID
+strings or for numbers.
+
+Ox makes use of ```IString``` in the following ways:
+
+```cpp
+using UUIDStr = ox::IString<36>;
+
+// and
+
+template<Integer_c Integer>
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr auto intToStr(Integer v) noexcept {
+	constexpr auto Cap = [] {
+		auto out = 0;
+		switch (sizeof(Integer)) {
+			case 1:
+				out = 3;
+				break;
+			case 2:
+				out = 5;
+				break;
+			case 4:
+				out = 10;
+				break;
+			case 8:
+				out = 21;
+				break;
+		}
+		return out + ox::is_signed_v<Integer>;
+	}();
+	ox::IString<Cap> out;
+	std::ignore = out.resize(out.cap());
+	ox::CharBuffWriter w{{out.data(), out.cap()}};
+	std::ignore = writeItoa(v, w);
+	std::ignore = out.resize(w.tellp());
+	return out;
+}
+```
+
+##### StringParam
+
+```StringParam``` is a weird type.
+Because ```String::String(const char*)``` is explicit, it becomes a pain for
+functions to take ```String```s.
+
+```cpp
+struct Type {
+    ox::String m_s;
+    explicit Type(ox::String p): m_s(std::move(p)) {
+    }
+};
+
+void f() {
+    ox::String s{"asdf"};
+    Type t1{"asdf"};             // invalid - will not compile
+    Type t2{s};                  // invalid - will not compile
+    Type t3{std::move(s)};       // valid
+    Type t4{ox::String{"asdf"}}; // valid
+}
+```
+
+```StringParam``` has implicit conversion constructors, and will appropriately
+move from r-value ```String```s or create a ```String``` if not passed
+ownership of an existing ```String```.
+Think of ```StringParam``` as a way to opt-in to implicit instantiation with
+strings.
+
+```StringParam``` can access the string as a view through the ```view()```
+function, and the ```String``` inside can be accessed by moving from the
+```StringParam```.
+
+```cpp
+struct Type {
+    ox::String m_s;
+    explicit Type(ox::StringParam p): m_s(std::move(p)) {
+    }
+};
+
+void f() {
+    ox::String s{"asdf"};
+    Type t1{"asdf"};             // valid
+    Type t2{s};                  // valid
+    Type t3{std::move(s)};       // valid
+    Type t4{ox::String{"asdf"}}; // valid
+}
+```
+
+#### String View Types
+
+##### StringView
+
+```ox::StringView``` is Ox's version of ```std::string_view```.
+```StringView``` contains a pointer to a string, along with its size.
+
+This should be the normal type taken when a function needs a string that will
+exist until it returns.
+
+##### CStringView
+
+```CStringView``` is like ```StringView```, but it comes with the promise that
+the string ends with a null terminator.
+Accordingly, it has a ```c_str()``` function in addition to the ```data()```
+function that ```StringView``` has.
+
+```CStringView``` should be used when wrapping a C API that only takes C
+strings.
+
+##### StringLiteral
+
+```StringLiteral``` is a string view type, but it kind of straddles the line
+between view and store types.
+Creating a ```StringLiteral``` is a promise that you are passing a string
+literal into the constructor.
+This means you can treat it like a store, that can be safely used as a copy of
+the data.
+Functions that take ```StringLiteral```s are allowed to assume that the data
+will have no lifetime concerns and hold onto it without any need to make a
+copy.
+It has a consteval constructor to enforce the promise that it is a compile time
+string.
+
+```cpp
+void f(ox::StringLiteral const&);
+
+int main() {
+    f("123456789");                     // valid
+    f(ox::String{"123456789"}.c_str()); // invalid - will not compile
+}
+```
+
+#### Other Variants
+
+There are a few convenience aliases as well.
+
+* StringCR = String const&
+* StringViewCR = StringView const&
+* CStringViewCR = CStringView const&
+* CString = const char*
+
+String views do not generally need const references, but it does make debugging
+easier, as we can skip the constructor call if a string view already exists.
+
+These kind of aliases probably should not exist for most types, but strings are
+fundamental and ease of use is desirable.
+
 ### Logging and Output
 
 Ox provides for logging and debug prints via the ```oxTrace```, ```oxDebug```, and ```oxError``` macros.

deps/ox/src/ox/clargs/clargs.cpp

@@ -15,21 +15,21 @@ ClArgs::ClArgs(int argc, const char **args) noexcept: ClArgs({args, static_cast<
 
 ClArgs::ClArgs(ox::SpanView<const char*> args) noexcept {
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < args.size(); ++i) {
-		auto arg = StringView(args[i]);
+		auto arg = StringView{args[i]};
 		if (arg[0] == '-') {
-			while (arg[0] == '-' && arg.len()) {
+			while (arg[0] == '-' && arg.size()) {
 				arg = substr(arg, 1);
 			}
 			m_bools[arg] = true;
 			// parse additional arguments
 			if (i < args.size() && args[i + 1]) {
-				auto val = String(args[i + 1]);
+				auto const val = StringView{args[i + 1]};
-				if (val.len() && val[i] != '-') {
+				if (val.size() && val[0] != '-') {
 					if (val == "false") {
 						m_bools[arg] = false;
 					}
 					m_strings[arg] = val;
-					if (auto r = ox::atoi(val.c_str()); r.error == 0) {
+					if (auto r = ox::strToInt(val); r.error == 0) {
 						m_ints[arg] = r.value;
 					}
 					++i;
@@ -40,17 +40,17 @@ ClArgs::ClArgs(ox::SpanView<const char*> args) noexcept {
 }
 
 bool ClArgs::getBool(ox::StringViewCR arg, bool defaultValue) const noexcept {
-	auto [value, err] = m_ints.at(arg);
+	auto const [value, err] = m_ints.at(arg);
 	return !err ? *value : defaultValue;
 }
 
 String ClArgs::getString(ox::StringViewCR arg, ox::StringView defaultValue) const noexcept {
-	auto [value, err] = m_strings.at(arg);
+	auto const [value, err] = m_strings.at(arg);
 	return !err ? ox::String(*value) : ox::String(defaultValue);
 }
 
 int ClArgs::getInt(ox::StringViewCR arg, int defaultValue) const noexcept {
-	auto [value, err] = m_ints.at(arg);
+	auto const [value, err] = m_ints.at(arg);
 	return !err ? *value : defaultValue;
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/claw/read.cpp

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Result<ClawHeader> readClawHeader(ox::BufferView buff) noexcept {
 		return ox::Error(4, "Claw format does not match any supported format/version combo");
 	}
 	hdr.typeName = typeName;
-	std::ignore = ox::atoi(versionStr).copyTo(hdr.typeVersion);
+	std::ignore = ox::strToInt(versionStr).copyTo(hdr.typeVersion);
 	hdr.data = buffRaw;
 	hdr.dataSize = buffLen;
 	return hdr;
@@ -106,15 +106,14 @@ Result<ModelObject> readClaw(TypeStore &ts, BufferView buff) noexcept {
 		{
 			ox::BufferReader br({header.data, header.dataSize});
 			MetalClawReader reader(br);
-			ModelHandlerInterface handler(&reader);
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(reader.interface(), &obj));
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, &obj));
 			return obj;
 		}
 		case ClawFormat::Organic:
 		{
 #ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
 			OrganicClawReader reader({header.data, header.dataSize});
-			ModelHandlerInterface handler(&reader);
+			ModelHandlerInterface handler(reader);
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, &obj));
 			return obj;
 #else

deps/ox/src/ox/claw/read.hpp

@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ Error readClaw(ox::BufferView buff, T &val) {
 		{
 			ox::BufferReader br({header.data, header.dataSize});
 			MetalClawReader reader(br);
-			ModelHandlerInterface handler(&reader);
+			return model(reader.interface(), &val);
-			return model(&handler, &val);
 		}
 		case ClawFormat::Organic:
 		{

deps/ox/src/ox/claw/test/tests.cpp

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ static std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 			"ClawHeaderReader",
 			[] {
 				constexpr auto hdr = ox::StringLiteral("O1;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header;2;");
-				auto [ch, err] = ox::readClawHeader({hdr.c_str(), hdr.len() + 1});
+				auto [ch, err] = ox::readClawHeader({hdr.c_str(), hdr.size() + 1});
 				oxAssert(err, "Error parsing header");
 				oxAssert(ch.fmt == ox::ClawFormat::Organic, "Format wrong");
 				oxAssert(ch.typeName == "com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header", "Type name wrong");
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ static std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 			"ClawHeaderReader2",
 			[] {
 				constexpr auto hdr = ox::StringLiteral("M2;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header2;3;");
-				auto [ch, err] = ox::readClawHeader({hdr.c_str(), hdr.len() + 1});
+				auto [ch, err] = ox::readClawHeader({hdr.c_str(), hdr.size() + 1});
 				oxAssert(err, "Error parsing header");
 				oxAssert(ch.fmt == ox::ClawFormat::Metal, "Format wrong");
 				oxAssert(ch.typeName == "com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header2", "Type name wrong");
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ static std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 			[] {
 				constexpr auto hdr = ox::StringLiteral("M2;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header2;3;awefawf");
 				constexpr auto expected = ox::StringLiteral("com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header2;3");
-				OX_REQUIRE(actual, ox::readClawTypeId({hdr.data(), hdr.len() + 1}));
+				OX_REQUIRE(actual, ox::readClawTypeId({hdr.data(), hdr.size() + 1}));
-				oxExpect(actual, expected);
+				ox::expect(actual, expected);
 				return ox::Error{};
 			}
 		},

deps/ox/src/ox/claw/write.hpp

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ struct TypeInfoCatcher {
 	}
 
 	constexpr Error field(...) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	static constexpr auto opType() {

deps/ox/src/ox/event/signal.hpp

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ Error Signal<Args...>::emitCheckError(Args... args) const noexcept {
 		for (auto &f : m_slots) {
 			f->call(args...);
 		}
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	} catch (const ox::Exception &ex) {
 		return ox::Error(ex.errCode, ex.msg, ex.src);
 	}
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ Error Signal<Error(Args...)>::emitCheckError(Args... args) const noexcept {
 	for (auto &f : m_slots) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(f->call(ox::forward<Args>(args)...));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filestore/filestoretemplate.hpp

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ template<typename size_t>
 Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::incLinks(uint64_t id) {
 	OX_REQUIRE_M(item, find(static_cast<size_t>(id)).validate());
 	++item->links;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t>
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::decLinks(uint64_t id) {
 	if (item->links == 0) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(remove(item));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t>
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::write(uint64_t id64, const void *data, FsSize_t
 						        dest->id.get(), dest.offset(), destData.size());
 						fsData->rootNode = dest.offset();
 						oxTracef("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.write", "Root inode: {}", dest->id.get());
-						return ox::Error(0);
+						return {};
 					}
 				} else {
 					oxTrace("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.write.fail", "Could not place item due to absence of FileStore header.");
@@ -427,20 +427,20 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::resize() {
 	oxTracef("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.resize", "resize to: {}", newSize);
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_buffer->setSize(newSize));
 	oxTracef("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.resize", "resized to: {}", m_buffer->size());
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t>
 Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::resize(std::size_t size, void *newBuff) {
 	if (m_buffer->size() > size) {
-		return ox::Error(1);
+		return ox::Error{1, "new buffer is too small for existing data"};
 	}
 	m_buffSize = static_cast<size_t>(size);
 	if (newBuff) {
-		m_buffer = reinterpret_cast<Buffer*>(newBuff);
+		m_buffer = static_cast<Buffer*>(newBuff);
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_buffer->setSize(static_cast<size_t>(size)));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t>
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::walk(Error(*cb)(uint8_t, uint64_t, uint64_t)) {
 	for (auto i = m_buffer->iterator(); i.valid(); i.next()) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(cb(i->fileType, i.ptr().offset(), i.ptr().end()));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t>
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::compact() {
 	return m_buffer->compact([this, &isFirstItem](uint64_t oldAddr, ItemPtr item) -> Error {
 		if (isFirstItem) {
 			isFirstItem = false;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 		if (!item.valid()) {
 			return ox::Error(1);
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::compact() {
 				parent->right = item;
 			}
 		}
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	});
 }
 
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::placeItem(ItemPtr item) {
 		item->left = root->left;
 		item->right = root->right;
 		oxTracef("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.placeItem", "Overwrote Root Item: {}", item->id.get());
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	} else {
 		return placeItem(root, item);
 	}
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::placeItem(ItemPtr root, ItemPtr item, int depth
 				item->right = right->right;
 			}
 			oxTracef("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.placeItem", "Placed Item: {}", item->id.get());
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		} else {
 			return placeItem(right, item, depth + 1);
 		}
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::placeItem(ItemPtr root, ItemPtr item, int depth
 				item->right = left->right;
 			}
 			oxTracef("ox.fs.FileStoreTemplate.placeItem", "Placed Item: {}", item->id.get());
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		} else {
 			return placeItem(left, item, depth + 1);
 		}
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::unplaceItem(ItemPtr item) {
 		} else {
 			fsData->rootNode = 0;
 		}
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	} else {
 		return unplaceItem(root, item);
 	}
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::unplaceItem(ItemPtr root, ItemPtr item, int dep
 	if (item->left) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(placeItem(m_buffer->ptr(item->left)));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t>
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ Error FileStoreTemplate<size_t>::remove(ItemPtr item) {
 	if (item.valid()) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(unplaceItem(item));
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_buffer->free(item));
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1);
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/directory.hpp

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ struct OX_PACKED DirectoryEntry {
 			if (d.valid()) {
 				d->inode = inode;
 				auto const maxStrSz = bufferSize - 1 - sizeof(*this);
-				ox::strncpy(d->name, name.data(), ox::min(maxStrSz, name.len()));
+				ox::strncpy(d->name, name.data(), ox::min(maxStrSz, name.size()));
 				return {};
 			}
 			return ox::Error(1);
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Error Directory<FileStore, InodeId_t>::write(PathIterator path, uint64_t inode64
 			oxTrace("ox.fs.Directory.write.fail", "Could not read existing version of Directory");
 			return ox::Error(1, "Could not read existing version of Directory");
 		}
-		const auto pathSize = name.len() + 1;
+		const auto pathSize = name.size() + 1;
 		const auto entryDataSize = DirectoryEntry<InodeId_t>::DirectoryEntryData::spaceNeeded(pathSize);
 		const auto newSize = oldStat.size + Buffer::spaceNeeded(entryDataSize);
 		auto cpy = ox_malloca(newSize, Buffer, *old, oldStat.size);

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/filelocation.cpp

@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ FileAddress::FileAddress(uint64_t inode) noexcept {
 FileAddress::FileAddress(ox::StringViewCR path) noexcept {
 	auto pathSize = path.bytes();
 	m_data.path = new char[pathSize + 1];
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 	memcpy(m_data.path, path.data(), pathSize);
-OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
 	m_data.path[pathSize] = 0;
-OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 	m_type = FileAddressType::Path;
 }
 
@@ -48,9 +48,11 @@ FileAddress &FileAddress::operator=(const FileAddress &other) noexcept {
 		case FileAddressType::Path:
 		{
 			if (other.m_data.path) {
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 				auto strSize = ox::strlen(other.m_data.path) + 1;
 				m_data.path = new char[strSize];
 				ox::memcpy(m_data.path, other.m_data.path, strSize);
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 			} else {
 				m_data.constPath = "";
 				m_type = FileAddressType::ConstPath;

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/filelocation.hpp

@@ -24,9 +24,6 @@ enum class FileAddressType: int8_t {
 	Inode,
 };
 
-template<typename T>
-constexpr Error model(T *h, CommonPtrWith<class FileAddress> auto *fa) noexcept;
-
 class FileAddress {
 
 	template<typename T>

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/filesystem.hpp

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 namespace ox {
 
 namespace detail {
-static inline void fsBuffFree(char *buff) noexcept {
+inline void fsBuffFree(char *buff) noexcept {
 	safeDelete(buff);
 }
 }
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ class FileSystem {
 
 		Result<Buffer> read(StringViewCR path) noexcept;
 
-		inline Error read(StringViewCR path, void *buffer, std::size_t buffSize) noexcept {
+		Error read(StringViewCR path, void *buffer, std::size_t buffSize) noexcept {
 			return readFilePath(path, buffer, buffSize);
 		}
 
-		inline Error read(uint64_t inode, void *buffer, std::size_t buffSize) noexcept {
+		Error read(uint64_t inode, void *buffer, std::size_t buffSize) noexcept {
 			return readFileInode(inode, buffer, buffSize);
 		}
 
@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ class FileSystem {
 		 * @param path
 		 * @param readStart
 		 * @param readSize
-		 * @param buffer
+		 * @param buff
-		 * @param size
 		 * @return error or number of bytes read
 		 */
 		Result<size_t> read(
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ class FileSystem {
 			return writeFilePath(path, buffer, size, FileType::NormalFile);
 		}
 
-		Error write(StringViewCR path, ox::Span<char> const&buff) noexcept {
+		Error write(StringViewCR path, ox::SpanView<char> const&buff) noexcept {
 			return write(path, buff.data(), buff.size(), FileType::NormalFile);
 		}
 
@@ -96,42 +95,42 @@ class FileSystem {
 			return write(inode, buffer, size, FileType::NormalFile);
 		}
 
-		Error write(uint64_t inode, ox::Span<char> const&buff) noexcept {
+		Error write(uint64_t inode, ox::SpanView<char> const&buff) noexcept {
 			return write(inode, buff.data(), buff.size(), FileType::NormalFile);
 		}
 
 		Error write(const FileAddress &addr, const void *buffer, uint64_t size, FileType fileType = FileType::NormalFile) noexcept;
 
-		inline Error write(StringViewCR path, const void *buffer, uint64_t size, FileType fileType) noexcept {
+		Error write(StringViewCR path, const void *buffer, uint64_t size, FileType fileType) noexcept {
 			return writeFilePath(path, buffer, size, fileType);
 		}
 
-		inline Error write(uint64_t inode, const void *buffer, uint64_t size, FileType fileType) noexcept {
+		Error write(uint64_t inode, const void *buffer, uint64_t size, FileType fileType) noexcept {
 			return writeFileInode(inode, buffer, size, fileType);
 		}
 
-		inline Result<FileStat> stat(uint64_t inode) const noexcept {
+		Result<FileStat> stat(uint64_t inode) const noexcept {
 			return statInode(inode);
 		}
 
-		inline Result<FileStat> stat(StringViewCR path) const noexcept {
+		Result<FileStat> stat(StringViewCR path) const noexcept {
 			return statPath(path);
 		}
 
 		Result<FileStat> stat(const FileAddress &addr) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		inline bool exists(uint64_t inode) const noexcept {
+		bool exists(uint64_t inode) const noexcept {
 			return statInode(inode).ok();
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		inline bool exists(ox::StringView path) const noexcept {
+		bool exists(ox::StringView path) const noexcept {
 			return statPath(path).ok();
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		inline bool exists(FileAddress const&addr) const noexcept {
+		bool exists(FileAddress const&addr) const noexcept {
 			return stat(addr).ok();
 		}
 
@@ -178,11 +177,11 @@ class MemFS: public FileSystem {
 	public:
 		Result<const char*> directAccess(const FileAddress &addr) const noexcept;
 
-		inline Result<const char*> directAccess(StringViewCR path) const noexcept {
+		Result<const char*> directAccess(StringViewCR path) const noexcept {
 			return directAccessPath(path);
 		}
 
-		inline Result<const char*> directAccess(uint64_t inode) const noexcept {
+		Result<const char*> directAccess(uint64_t inode) const noexcept {
 			return directAccessInode(inode);
 		}
 
@@ -330,7 +329,7 @@ Error FileSystemTemplate<FileStore, Directory>::format(void *buff, uint64_t buff
 		return ox::Error(1);
 	}
 
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename FileStore, typename Directory>
@@ -347,7 +346,7 @@ Error FileSystemTemplate<FileStore, Directory>::move(StringViewCR src, StringVie
 	OX_REQUIRE_M(inode, rootDir.find(src));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(rootDir.write(dest, inode));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(rootDir.remove(src));
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename FileStore, typename Directory>
@@ -408,7 +407,7 @@ Error FileSystemTemplate<FileStore, Directory>::removePath(StringViewCR path, bo
 		oxTrace("FileSystemTemplate.remove.fail", "Tried to remove directory without recursive setting.");
 		return ox::Error(1);
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename FileStore, typename Directory>
@@ -425,7 +424,7 @@ Result<Vector<String>> FileSystemTemplate<FileStore, Directory>::ls(StringViewCR
 	Vector<String> out;
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(ls(path, [&out](StringViewCR name, typename FileStore::InodeId_t) {
 		out.emplace_back(name);
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return ox::Error{};
 	}));
 	return out;
 }
@@ -469,7 +468,7 @@ Error FileSystemTemplate<FileStore, Directory>::writeFilePath(
 
 template<typename FileStore, typename Directory>
 Error FileSystemTemplate<FileStore, Directory>::writeFileInode(uint64_t inode, const void *buffer, uint64_t size, FileType fileType) noexcept {
-	oxTrace("ox.fs.FileSystemTemplate.writeFileInode", ox::itoa(inode));
+	oxTrace("ox.fs.FileSystemTemplate.writeFileInode", ox::intToStr(inode));
 	return m_fs.write(inode, buffer, static_cast<size_t>(size), static_cast<uint8_t>(fileType));
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/passthroughfs.cpp

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Error PassThroughFS::move(StringViewCR src, StringViewCR dest) noexcept {
 	if (ec.value()) {
 		return ox::Error(1);
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 Result<Vector<String>> PassThroughFS::ls(StringViewCR dir) const noexcept {
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Error PassThroughFS::readFilePath(StringViewCR path, void *buffer, std::size_t b
 		oxTracef("ox.fs.PassThroughFS.read.error", "Read of {} failed: {}", path, f.what());
 		return ox::Error(2);
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 Error PassThroughFS::readFileInode(uint64_t, void*, std::size_t) noexcept {
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Error PassThroughFS::writeFilePath(StringViewCR path, const void *buffer, uint64
 		oxTracef("ox.fs.PassThroughFS.read.error", "Write of {} failed: {}", path, f.what());
 		return ox::Error(1);
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 Error PassThroughFS::writeFileInode(uint64_t, const void*, uint64_t, FileType) noexcept {
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ Error PassThroughFS::writeFileInode(uint64_t, const void*, uint64_t, FileType) n
 }
 
 std::string_view PassThroughFS::stripSlash(StringView path) noexcept {
-	for (auto i = 0u; i < path.len() && path[0] == '/'; i++) {
+	for (auto i = 0u; i < path.size() && path[0] == '/'; i++) {
 		path = substr(path, 1);
 	}
 	return {path.data(), path.bytes()};

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/passthroughfs.hpp

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Error PassThroughFS::ls(StringViewCR dir, F cb) const noexcept {
 	for (auto &p : di) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(cb(p.path().filename().c_str(), 0));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/pathiterator.cpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Error PathIterator::dirPath(char *out, std::size_t outSize) {
 	if (idx >= 0 && size < outSize) {
 		ox::memcpy(out, m_path, size);
 		out[size] = 0;
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	} else {
 		return ox::Error(1);
 	}
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Error PathIterator::get(StringView &fileName) {
 	if (size && fileName[size - 1] == '/') {
 		fileName = ox::substr(m_path, start, start + size - 1);
 	}
-	oxAssert(fileName[fileName.len()-1] != '/', "name ends in /");
+	oxAssert(fileName[fileName.size()-1] != '/', "name ends in /");
 	return {};
 }
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Error PathIterator::next(StringView &fileName) {
 	std::size_t size = 0;
 	auto retval = ox::Error(1);
 	if (m_iterator < m_maxSize && ox::strlen(&m_path[m_iterator])) {
-		retval = ox::Error(0);
+		retval = {};
 		if (m_path[m_iterator] == '/') {
 			m_iterator++;
 		}
@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ Error PathIterator::next(StringView &fileName) {
 		}
 		fileName = ox::substr(m_path, start, start + size);
 		// truncate trailing /
-		while (fileName.len() && fileName[fileName.len() - 1] == '/') {
+		while (fileName.size() && fileName[fileName.size() - 1] == '/') {
 			fileName = ox::substr(m_path, start, start + size);
 		}
 		m_iterator += size;
-		oxAssert(fileName.len() == 0 || fileName[fileName.len()-1] != '/', "name ends in /");
+		oxAssert(fileName.size() == 0 || fileName[fileName.size()-1] != '/', "name ends in /");
 	}
 	return retval;
 }
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Result<std::size_t> PathIterator::nextSize() const {
 	auto retval = ox::Error(1);
 	auto it = m_iterator;
 	if (it < m_maxSize && ox::strlen(&m_path[it])) {
-		retval = ox::Error(0);
+		retval = {};
 		if (m_path[it] == '/') {
 			it++;
 		}

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/ptrarith/nodebuffer.hpp

@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ Error NodeBuffer<size_t, Item>::free(ItemPtr item) noexcept {
 		}
 	}
 	m_header.bytesUsed -= item.size();
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t, typename Item>
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ Error NodeBuffer<size_t, Item>::setSize(std::size_t size) noexcept {
 		m_header.size = static_cast<size_t>(size);
 		auto data = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(this) + end;
 		ox::memset(data, 0, size - end);
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 }
 
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ Error NodeBuffer<size_t, Item>::compact(F cb) noexcept {
 		src = ptr(dest->next);
 		dest = uninitializedPtr(dest.offset() + dest->fullSize());
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename size_t, typename Item>

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/test/tests.cpp

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 			"PathIterator::next1",
 			[](ox::StringView) {
 				auto constexpr path = ox::StringLiteral("/usr/share/charset.gbag");
-				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
+				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.size());
 				ox::StringView buff;
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff) == 0 && buff == "usr", "PathIterator shows wrong next");
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff) == 0 && buff == "share", "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 				ox::PathIterator it(path);
 				ox::StringView buff;
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff), "PathIterator::next returned error");
-				oxExpect(buff, "usr");
+				ox::expect(buff, "usr");
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff), "PathIterator::next returned error");
-				oxExpect(buff, "share");
+				ox::expect(buff, "share");
 				return ox::Error(0);
 			}
 		},
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 			"PathIterator::next3",
 			[](ox::StringView) {
 				auto const path = ox::String("/");
-				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
+				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.size());
 				ox::StringView buff;
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff) == 0 && buff == "\0", "PathIterator shows wrong next");
 				return ox::Error(0);
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 			"PathIterator::next5",
 			[](ox::StringView) {
 				auto const path = ox::String("usr/share/");
-				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
+				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.size());
 				ox::StringView buff;
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff) == 0 && buff == "usr", "PathIterator shows wrong next");
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff) == 0 && buff == "share", "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -117,9 +117,11 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 			"PathIterator::dirPath",
 			[] (ox::StringView) {
 				auto constexpr path = ox::StringLiteral("/usr/share/charset.gbag");
-				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
+				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.size());
-				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
+				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.size() + 1));
-				oxAssert(it.dirPath(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox::strcmp(buff, "/usr/share/") == 0, "PathIterator shows incorrect dir path");
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
+				oxAssert(it.dirPath(buff, path.size()) == 0 && ox::strcmp(buff, "/usr/share/") == 0, "PathIterator shows incorrect dir path");
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 				return ox::Error(0);
 			}
 		},
@@ -127,7 +129,9 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 			"PathIterator::hasNext",
 			[](ox::StringView) {
 				const auto path = "/file1";
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 				ox::PathIterator it(path, ox::strlen(path));
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 				oxAssert(it.hasNext(), "PathIterator shows incorrect hasNext");
 				oxAssert(!it.next().hasNext(), "PathIterator shows incorrect hasNext");
 				return ox::Error(0);
@@ -163,14 +167,16 @@ const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests =
 			[](ox::StringView) {
 				constexpr auto buffLen = 5000;
 				constexpr auto str1 = "Hello, World!";
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 				constexpr auto str1Len = ox::strlen(str1) + 1;
 				constexpr auto str2 = "Hello, Moon!";
 				constexpr auto str2Len = ox::strlen(str2) + 1;
+				OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 				auto list = new (ox_alloca(buffLen)) ox::ptrarith::NodeBuffer<uint32_t, ox::FileStoreItem<uint32_t>>(buffLen);
 				oxAssert(ox::FileStore32::format(list, buffLen), "FileStore::format failed.");
 				ox::FileStore32 fileStore(list, buffLen);
-				oxAssert(fileStore.write(4, const_cast<char*>(str1), str1Len, 1), "FileStore::write 1 failed.");
+				oxAssert(fileStore.write(4, str1, str1Len, 1), "FileStore::write 1 failed.");
-				oxAssert(fileStore.write(5, const_cast<char*>(str2), str2Len, 1), "FileStore::write 2 failed.");
+				oxAssert(fileStore.write(5, str2, str2Len, 1), "FileStore::write 2 failed.");
 
 				char str1Read[str1Len];
 				size_t str1ReadSize = 0;

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/tool.cpp

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ static ox::Error runLs(ox::FileSystem *fs, ox::Span<const char*> args) noexcept
 	for (const auto &file : files) {
 		oxOutf("{}\n", file);
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 static ox::Error runRead(ox::FileSystem *fs, ox::Span<const char*> args) noexcept {
@@ -57,8 +57,10 @@ static ox::Error runRead(ox::FileSystem *fs, ox::Span<const char*> args) noexcep
 		return ox::Error(1);
 	}
 	OX_REQUIRE(buff, fs->read(ox::StringView(args[1])));
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 	std::ignore = fwrite(buff.data(), sizeof(decltype(buff)::value_type), buff.size(), stdout);
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
+	return {};
 }
 
 static ox::Error run(int argc, const char **argv) noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/logconn/logconn.cpp

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ ox::Error LoggerConn::sendInit(const InitTraceMsg &msg) noexcept {
 }
 
 void LoggerConn::msgSend() noexcept {
+	try {
 		while (true) {
 			std::unique_lock lk(m_waitMut);
 			m_waitCond.wait(lk);
@@ -109,6 +110,10 @@ void LoggerConn::msgSend() noexcept {
 				std::ignore = send(tmp.data(), read);
 			}
 		}
+	} catch (std::exception const &e) {
+		oxErrf("Exception in logger thread: {}\n", e.what());
+		oxAssert(false, "logger thread exception");
+	}
 }
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 add_library(
 	OxMetalClaw
-		presenceindicator.cpp
 		read.cpp
 		write.cpp
 )

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/intops.hpp

@@ -18,25 +18,25 @@
 
 namespace ox::mc {
 
-template<typename T>
+template<Integer_c T>
 static constexpr auto Bits = sizeof(T) << 3;
 
 /**
  * Returns highest bit other than possible signed bit.
  * Bit numbering starts at 0.
  */
-template<typename I>
+template<Integer_c I>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr std::size_t highestBit(I val) noexcept {
+constexpr size_t highestBit(I const val) noexcept {
 	unsigned shiftStart = sizeof(I) * 8 - 1;
-	// find most significant non-sign indicator bit
+	// find the most significant non-sign indicator bit
-	std::size_t highestBit = 0;
+	size_t highestBit = 0;
 	// start at one bit lower if signed
 	if constexpr(is_signed_v<I>) {
 		--shiftStart;
 	}
 	for (auto i = shiftStart; i > 0; --i) {
-		const auto bitValue = (val >> i) & 1;
+		auto const bitValue = (val >> i) & 1;
 		if (bitValue) {
 			highestBit = i;
 			break;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t highestBit(I val) noexcept {
 	return highestBit;
 }
 
-static_assert(highestBit(int8_t(0b10000000)) == 0);
+static_assert(highestBit(static_cast<int8_t>(0b10000000)) == 0);
 static_assert(highestBit(~static_cast<int8_t>(-1)) == 0);
 static_assert(highestBit(~static_cast<int8_t>(-2)) == 0);
 static_assert(highestBit(~static_cast<int8_t>(-3)) == 1);
@@ -53,40 +53,39 @@ static_assert(highestBit(1) == 0);
 static_assert(highestBit(2) == 1);
 static_assert(highestBit(4) == 2);
 static_assert(highestBit(8) == 3);
-static_assert(highestBit(uint64_t(1) << 31) == 31);
+static_assert(highestBit(static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << 31) == 31);
-static_assert(highestBit(uint64_t(1) << 63) == 63);
+static_assert(highestBit(static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << 63) == 63);
 
 struct McInt {
-	ox::Array<uint8_t, 9> data{};
+	Array<uint8_t, 9> data{};
 	// length of integer in bytes
-	std::size_t length = 0;
+	size_t length = 0;
 };
 
-template<typename I>
+template<Integer_c I>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr McInt encodeInteger(I pInput) noexcept {
+constexpr McInt encodeInteger(I const pInput) noexcept {
-	auto const input = ox::ResizedInt_t<I, 64>{pInput};
+	auto const input = ResizedInt_t<I, 64>{pInput};
 	McInt out;
-	const auto inputNegative = is_signed_v<I> && input < 0;
+	auto const inputNegative = is_signed_v<I> && input < 0;
-	// move input to uint64_t to allow consistent bit manipulation, and to avoid
+	// move input to uint64_t to allow consistent bit manipulation and to avoid
 	// overflow concerns
-	uint64_t val = 0;
+	auto const val = std::bit_cast<uint64_t>(input);
-	ox::memcpy(&val, &input, sizeof(input));
 	if (val) {
 		// bits needed to represent number factoring in space possibly
 		// needed for signed bit
-		const auto highBit = inputNegative ? highestBit(~val) : highestBit(val);
+		auto const highBit = inputNegative ? highestBit(~val) : highestBit(val);
-		const auto bits = highBit + 1 + (is_signed_v<I> ? 1 : 0);
+		auto const bits = highBit + 1 + (is_signed_v<I> ? 1 : 0);
 		// bytes needed to store value
-		std::size_t bytes = bits / 8 + (bits % 8 != 0);
+		size_t bytes = bits / 8 + (bits % 8 != 0);
-		const auto bitsAvailable = bytes * 8; // bits available to integer value
+		auto const bitsAvailable = bytes * 8; // bits available to integer value
-		const auto bitsNeeded = bits + bytes;
+		auto const bitsNeeded = bits + bytes;
 		// factor in bits needed for bytesIndicator (does not affect bytesIndicator)
 		// bits for integer + bits needed to represent bytes > bits available
 		if (bitsNeeded > bitsAvailable && bytes != 9) {
 			++bytes;
 		}
-		const auto bytesIndicator = onMask<uint8_t>(bytes - 1);
+		auto const bytesIndicator = onMask<uint8_t>(bytes - 1);
 		// ensure we are copying from little endian representation
 		LittleEndian<uint64_t> leVal = val;
 		if (inputNegative) {
@@ -94,17 +93,21 @@ constexpr McInt encodeInteger(I pInput) noexcept {
 		}
 		if (bytes == 9) {
 			out.data[0] = bytesIndicator;
+			OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 			ox::memcpy(&out.data[1], &leVal, 8);
+			OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 			if (inputNegative) {
 				out.data[1] |= 0b1000'0000;
 			}
 		} else {
-			const auto valBits = bytes * 8;
+			auto const valBits = bytes * 8;
-			uint64_t negBit = inputNegative ? 1 : 0;
+			uint64_t const negBit = inputNegative ? 1 : 0;
-			auto intermediate =
+			auto const intermediate =
 				static_cast<uint64_t>(leVal.raw() | (negBit << (valBits - 1))) << bytes |
 				static_cast<uint64_t>(bytesIndicator);
+			OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 			ox::memcpy(&out.data[0], &intermediate, sizeof(intermediate));
+			OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 		}
 		out.length = bytes;
 	}
@@ -116,8 +119,8 @@ constexpr McInt encodeInteger(I pInput) noexcept {
  * length integer.
  */
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr std::size_t countBytes(unsigned b) noexcept {
+constexpr size_t countBytes(unsigned const b) noexcept {
-	std::size_t i = 0;
+	size_t i = 0;
 	while ((b >> i) & 1) ++i;
 	return i + 1;
 }
@@ -132,37 +135,39 @@ static_assert(countBytes(0b0011'1111) == 7);
 static_assert(countBytes(0b0111'1111) == 8);
 static_assert(countBytes(0b1111'1111) == 9);
 
-template<typename I>
+template<Integer_c I>
-constexpr Result<I> decodeInteger(Reader_c auto&rdr, std::size_t *bytesRead) noexcept {
+constexpr Result<I> decodeInteger(Reader_c auto &rdr, size_t &bytesRead) noexcept {
 	uint8_t firstByte = 0;
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(rdr.read(&firstByte, 1));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(rdr.seekg(-1, ox::ios_base::cur));
-	const auto bytes = countBytes(firstByte);
+	auto const bytes = countBytes(firstByte);
 	if (bytes == 9) {
-		*bytesRead = bytes;
+		bytesRead = bytes;
 		I out = 0;
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(rdr.seekg(1, ox::ios_base::cur));
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(rdr.read(&out, sizeof(I)));
 		return fromLittleEndian<I>(out);
 	}
-	*bytesRead = bytes;
+	bytesRead = bytes;
 	uint64_t decoded = 0;
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(rdr.read(&decoded, bytes));
 	decoded >>= bytes;
 	// move sign bit
 	if constexpr(is_signed_v<I>) {
-		 const auto negBit = bytes * 8 - bytes - 1;
+		auto const negBit = bytes * 8 - bytes - 1;
 		// move sign
-		 const auto negative = (decoded >> negBit) == 1;
+		auto const negative = (decoded >> negBit) == 1;
 		if (negative) {
 			// fill in all bits between encoded sign and real sign with 1s
 			// split it up because the 32-bit ARM can't shift more than 32 bits
-			 ox::Array<uint32_t, 2> d = {};
+			Array<uint32_t, 2> d = {};
 			//d[0] = decoded & 0xffff'ffff;
 			//d[1] = decoded >> 32;
+		 	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 			ox::memcpy(&d[0], &decoded, sizeof(decoded));
+		 	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 			auto bit = negBit;
-			 for (; bit < ox::min<std::size_t>(Bits<I>, 32); ++bit) {
+			for (; bit < ox::min<size_t>(Bits<I>, 32); ++bit) {
 				d[0] |= 1 << bit;
 			}
 			bit -= 32;
@@ -171,22 +176,24 @@ constexpr Result<I> decodeInteger(Reader_c auto&rdr, std::size_t *bytesRead) noe
 			}
 			I out = 0;
 			if constexpr(ox::defines::BigEndian) {
-				 const auto d0Tmp = d[0];
+				auto const d0Tmp = d[0];
 				d[0] = d[1];
 				d[1] = d0Tmp;
 			}
+		 	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 			ox::memcpy(&out, &d[0], sizeof(out));
+			OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 			return out;
 		}
 	}
 	return static_cast<I>(decoded);
 }
 
-template<typename I>
+template<Integer_c I>
-Result<I> decodeInteger(McInt m) noexcept {
+Result<I> decodeInteger(McInt const &m) noexcept {
-	std::size_t bytesRead{};
+	size_t bytesRead{};
 	BufferReader br({reinterpret_cast<const char*>(m.data.data()), 9});
-	return decodeInteger<I>(br, &bytesRead);
+	return decodeInteger<I>(br, bytesRead);
 }
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/presenceindicator.cpp

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2015 - 2025 gary@drinkingtea.net
- *
- * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
- * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
- */
-
-#include "err.hpp"
-#include "presenceindicator.hpp"
-
-namespace ox {
-
-template class FieldBitmapWriterBase<uint8_t*>;
-template class FieldBitmapWriterBase<const uint8_t*>;
-
-}

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/presenceindicator.hpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <ox/std/array.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/bit.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/error.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/span.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/types.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/reader.hpp>
 
@@ -21,29 +22,18 @@ namespace ox {
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 class FieldBitmapReader {
 	protected:
-		mutable std::size_t m_mapBlockIdx = ~std::size_t{0};
+		mutable size_t m_mapBlockIdx = ~size_t{};
-		mutable uint64_t m_mapBlock = 0;
+		mutable uint64_t m_mapBlock{};
-		std::size_t m_mapStart = 0;
+		size_t m_mapStart{};
 		Reader &m_reader;
 
 	public:
-		explicit constexpr FieldBitmapReader(Reader &reader) noexcept;
+		explicit constexpr FieldBitmapReader(Reader &reader) noexcept:
-
-		constexpr Result<bool> get(std::size_t i) const noexcept;
-
-	private:
-		constexpr ox::Error loadMapBlock(std::size_t id) const noexcept;
-
-};
-
-template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr FieldBitmapReader<Reader>::FieldBitmapReader(Reader &reader) noexcept:
 			m_mapStart(reader.tellg()),
 			m_reader(reader) {
-}
+		}
 
-template<Reader_c Reader>
+		constexpr Result<bool> get(size_t idx) const noexcept {
-constexpr Result<bool> FieldBitmapReader<Reader>::get(std::size_t idx) const noexcept {
 			constexpr auto blockBits = sizeof(m_mapBlock);
 			auto const blockIdx = idx / blockBits;
 			if (m_mapBlockIdx != blockIdx) [[unlikely]] {
@@ -51,113 +41,82 @@ constexpr Result<bool> FieldBitmapReader<Reader>::get(std::size_t idx) const noe
 			}
 			idx %= blockBits;
 			return (m_mapBlock >> idx) & 1;
-}
+		}
 
-template<Reader_c Reader>
+	private:
-constexpr ox::Error FieldBitmapReader<Reader>::loadMapBlock(std::size_t idx) const noexcept {
+		constexpr Error loadMapBlock(size_t const idx) const noexcept {
 			OX_REQUIRE(g, m_reader.tellg());
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_reader.seekg(static_cast<int>(m_mapStart + idx), ox::ios_base::beg));
-	ox::Array<char, sizeof(m_mapBlock)> mapBlock{};
+			Array<char, sizeof(m_mapBlock)> mapBlock{};
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_reader.read(mapBlock.data(), sizeof(m_mapBlock)));
 			// Warning: narrow-conv
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_reader.seekg(static_cast<int>(g), ox::ios_base::beg));
 			m_mapBlock = 0;
-	for (auto i = 0ull; auto b : mapBlock) {
+			for (uint64_t i{}; auto b : mapBlock) {
 				m_mapBlock |= static_cast<uint64_t>(std::bit_cast<uint8_t>(b)) << i;
 				i += 8;
 			}
 			m_mapBlockIdx = idx;
 			return {};
-}
+		}
+
+};
 
 
-template<typename T>
+class FieldBitmapWriter {
-class FieldBitmapWriterBase {
 	protected:
-		T m_map = nullptr;
+		Span<char> m_map;
-		std::size_t m_mapLen = 0;
+		size_t m_mapLen{};
 
 	public:
-		constexpr FieldBitmapWriterBase(T map, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept;
+		explicit constexpr FieldBitmapWriter(Span<char> const &map) noexcept:
-
+			m_map(map),
-		constexpr auto setBuffer(T map, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept;
+			m_mapLen(m_map.size()) {
-
-		constexpr Result<bool> get(std::size_t i) const noexcept;
-
-		constexpr void setFields(int) noexcept;
-
-		constexpr void setMaxLen(int) noexcept;
-
-		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr int64_t getMaxLen() const noexcept;
-
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr FieldBitmapWriterBase<T>::FieldBitmapWriterBase(T map, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
-	m_map = map;
-	m_mapLen = maxLen;
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr auto FieldBitmapWriterBase<T>::setBuffer(T map, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
-	m_map = map;
-	m_mapLen = maxLen;
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr Result<bool> FieldBitmapWriterBase<T>::get(std::size_t i) const noexcept {
-	if (i / 8 < m_mapLen) {
-		return (m_map[i / 8] >> (i % 8)) & 1;
-	} else {
-		return ox::Error(McPresenceMapOverflow);
 		}
-}
 
-template<typename T>
+		constexpr auto setBuffer(Span<char> const &map) noexcept {
-constexpr void FieldBitmapWriterBase<T>::setFields(int fields) noexcept {
+			m_map = map;
-	m_mapLen = static_cast<std::size_t>((fields / 8 + 1) - (fields % 8 == 0));
+			m_mapLen = map.size();
-}
+		}
-
+
-template<typename T>
+		constexpr Result<bool> get(size_t const i) const noexcept {
-constexpr void FieldBitmapWriterBase<T>::setMaxLen(int maxLen) noexcept {
+			if (i / 8 < m_mapLen) {
-	m_mapLen = static_cast<std::size_t>(maxLen);
+				return (std::bit_cast<uint8_t>(m_map[i / 8]) >> (i % 8)) & 1;
-}
+			}
-
+			return Error{McPresenceMapOverflow};
-template<typename T>
+		}
-constexpr int64_t FieldBitmapWriterBase<T>::getMaxLen() const noexcept {
+
-	return static_cast<int64_t>(m_mapLen);
+		constexpr Error setFields(int const fields) noexcept {
-}
+			m_mapLen = static_cast<size_t>((fields / 8 + 1) - (fields % 8 == 0));
-
+			if (m_mapLen > m_map.size()) [[unlikely]] {
-extern template class FieldBitmapWriterBase<uint8_t*>;
+				return Error{McPresenceMapOverflow};
-extern template class FieldBitmapWriterBase<const uint8_t*>;
-
-class FieldBitmap: public FieldBitmapWriterBase<uint8_t*> {
-
-	public:
-		constexpr FieldBitmap(uint8_t *map, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept;
-
-		constexpr Error set(std::size_t i, bool on) noexcept;
-
-};
-
-constexpr FieldBitmap::FieldBitmap(uint8_t *map, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept:
-	FieldBitmapWriterBase<uint8_t*>(map, maxLen) {
-}
-
-constexpr Error FieldBitmap::set(std::size_t i, bool on) noexcept {
-	if (i / 8 < m_mapLen) {
-OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
-		if (on) {
-			m_map[i / 8] |= 1 << (i % 8);
-		} else {
-			m_map[i / 8] &= ~static_cast<uint8_t>(1 << (i % 8));
 			}
-OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 			return {};
-	} else {
-		return ox::Error(McPresenceMapOverflow);
 		}
-}
+
+		constexpr void setMaxLen(int const maxLen) noexcept {
+			m_mapLen = static_cast<size_t>(maxLen);
+		}
+
+		constexpr int64_t getMaxLen() const noexcept {
+			return static_cast<int64_t>(m_mapLen);
+		}
+
+		constexpr Error set(size_t const i, bool const on) noexcept {
+			if (i / 8 < m_mapLen) {
+				char &actual = m_map[i / 8];
+				uint8_t v = std::bit_cast<uint8_t>(actual);
+				if (on) {
+					v |= 1 << (i % 8);
+				} else {
+					v &= ~static_cast<uint8_t>(1 << (i % 8));
+				}
+				actual = std::bit_cast<char>(v);
+				return {};
+			}
+			return Error{McPresenceMapOverflow};
+		}
+
+};
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/read.hpp

@@ -32,58 +32,58 @@ class MetalClawReaderTemplate: public ModelHandlerBase<MetalClawReaderTemplate<R
 
 	private:
 		FieldBitmapReader<Reader> m_fieldPresence;
-		std::size_t m_fields = 0;
+		size_t m_fields{};
-		std::size_t m_field = 0;
+		size_t m_field{};
-		ox::Optional<int> m_unionIdx;
+		Optional<int> const m_unionIdx{};
 		Reader &m_reader;
 
 	public:
 		explicit constexpr MetalClawReaderTemplate(
 				Reader &reader,
-				ox::Optional<int> const&unionIdx = {}) noexcept;
+				Optional<int> const &unionIdx = {}) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr ~MetalClawReaderTemplate() noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, int8_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int8_t *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, int16_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int16_t *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, int32_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int32_t *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, int64_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int64_t *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, uint8_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint8_t *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, uint16_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint16_t *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, uint32_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint32_t *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, uint64_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint64_t *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, bool *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, bool *val) noexcept;
 
 		// array handler
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, auto *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, auto *val, size_t valLen) noexcept;
 
 		// map handler
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
 
 		// array handler, with callback to allow handling individual elements
 		template<typename T, typename CB>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CB cb) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, CB cb) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, T *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, T *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename U, bool force>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
+		template<size_t SmallStringSize>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
+		template<size_t L>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, IString<L> *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, IString<L> *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char*, char *val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString, char *val, size_t buffLen) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char*, char **val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString, char **val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char*, char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString, char **val, size_t buffLen) noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Reads an array length from the current location in the buffer.
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ class MetalClawReaderTemplate: public ModelHandlerBase<MetalClawReaderTemplate<R
 				const char *name = T::TypeName,
 				int version = T::TypeVersion,
 				const Vector<String>& = {},
-				std::size_t fields = ModelFieldCount_v<T>) noexcept;
+				size_t fields = ModelFieldCount_v<T>) noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Returns a MetalClawReader to parse a child object.
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader> child(const char *name, ox::Optional<int> unionIdx = {}) noexcept;
+		constexpr MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader> child(const char *name, Optional<int> unionIdx = {}) noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Indicates whether or not the next field to be read is present.
@@ -122,20 +122,20 @@ class MetalClawReaderTemplate: public ModelHandlerBase<MetalClawReaderTemplate<R
 		constexpr bool fieldPresent(int fieldNo) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr int whichFieldPresent(const char *name, const ModelUnion&) const noexcept;
+		constexpr int whichFieldPresent(const char *name, ModelUnion const&) const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr void nextField() noexcept;
 
 	private:
 		template<typename I>
-		constexpr Error readInteger(I *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error readInteger(I &val) noexcept;
 
 };
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 constexpr MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::MetalClawReaderTemplate(
 		Reader &reader,
-		ox::Optional<int> const&unionIdx) noexcept:
+		Optional<int> const &unionIdx) noexcept:
 		m_fieldPresence(reader),
 		m_unionIdx(unionIdx),
 		m_reader(reader) {
@@ -149,71 +149,72 @@ constexpr MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::~MetalClawReaderTemplate() noexcept {
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, int8_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, int8_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, int16_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, int16_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, int32_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, int32_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, int64_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, int64_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, uint8_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, uint8_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, uint16_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, uint16_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, uint32_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, uint32_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, uint64_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, uint64_t *val) noexcept {
-	return readInteger(val);
+	return readInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, bool *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, bool *val) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		auto const result = m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field));
+		auto const result = m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field));
 		*val = result.value;
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(result);
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 // array handler
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char *name, auto *val, std::size_t valLen) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	const char *name, auto *val, size_t const valLen) noexcept {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			OX_REQUIRE(len, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(len, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			// read the list
 			if (valLen >= len) {
 				auto reader = child({});
 				auto &handler = *reader.interface();
-				OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("List", 0, {}, static_cast<std::size_t>(len)));
+				OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("List", 0, {}, static_cast<size_t>(len)));
-				for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+				for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 					OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.field({}, &val[i]));
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
@@ -230,18 +231,18 @@ OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
 			OX_REQUIRE(g, m_reader.tellg());
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			OX_REQUIRE(len, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(len, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_reader.seekg(g));
 			// read the list
 			auto reader = child("");
 			auto &handler = *reader.interface();
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("List", 0, {}, static_cast<std::size_t>(len)));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("List", 0, {}, static_cast<size_t>(len)));
 			// this loop body needs to be in a lambda because of the potential alloca call
 			constexpr auto loopBody = [](auto &handler, auto &val) {
 				OX_REQUIRE(keyLen, handler.stringLength(nullptr));
@@ -250,22 +251,22 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, HashMap<Stri
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.fieldCString("", &wkeyPtr, keyLen + 1));
 				return handler.field("", &val[wkeyPtr]);
 			};
-			for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+			for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(loopBody(handler, *val));
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 template<typename T>
 constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char *name, T *val) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(isVector_v<T>) {
-		if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+		if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
 			// set size of val if the field is present, don't worry about it if not
-			if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+			if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 				OX_REQUIRE(len, arrayLength(name, false));
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(ox::resizeVector(*val, len));
 				return field(name, val->data(), val->size());
@@ -275,9 +276,9 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char *name, T *val)
 		++m_field;
 		return {};
 	} else if constexpr(isArray_v<T>) {
-		if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+		if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
 			// set size of val if the field is present, don't worry about it if not
-			if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+			if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 				OX_REQUIRE(len, arrayLength(name, false));
 				if (len > val->size()) {
 					return ox::Error(1, "Input array is too long");
@@ -288,8 +289,8 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char *name, T *val)
 		++m_field;
 		return {};
 	} else {
-		if ((!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) && val) {
+		if ((!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) && val) {
-			if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+			if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 				auto reader = child("");
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(reader.interface(), val));
 			}
@@ -301,9 +302,9 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char *name, T *val)
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 template<typename U, bool force>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
-	if ((!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) && val.get()) {
+	if ((!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) && val.get()) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			auto reader = child("", ox::Optional<int>(ox::in_place, val.idx()));
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(reader.interface(), val.get()));
 		}
@@ -313,13 +314,13 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, UnionView<U,
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
+template<size_t SmallStringSize>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			const auto cap = size;
 			*val = BasicString<SmallStringSize>(cap);
 			auto data = val->data();
@@ -330,17 +331,17 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, BasicString<
 		}
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-template<std::size_t L>
+template<size_t L>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, IString<L> *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, IString<L> *val) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			*val = IString<L>();
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(val->resize(size));
 			auto const data = val->data();
@@ -355,11 +356,12 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, IString<L> *
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(const char*, char *val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(
-	if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+	CString, char *val, size_t const buffLen) noexcept {
+	if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 		// read the length
-		std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+		size_t bytesRead = 0;
-		OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+		OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 		if (size > buffLen) {
 			return ox::Error(McOutputBuffEnded);
 		}
@@ -370,15 +372,15 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(const char*, char
 		data[size] = 0;
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(const char*, char **val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(CString, char **val) noexcept {
-	if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+	if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 		// read the length
-		std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+		size_t bytesRead = 0;
-		OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+		OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 		// re-allocate in case too small
 		safeDelete(*val);
 		*val = new char[size + 1];
@@ -388,16 +390,16 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(const char*, char
 		data[size] = 0;
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(const char*, char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(CString, char **val, size_t buffLen) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(size, mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			// re-allocate if too small
 			if (buffLen < size + 1) {
 				safeDelete(*val);
@@ -416,17 +418,17 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldCString(const char*, char
 		}
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Result<ArrayLength> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::arrayLength(const char*, bool pass) noexcept {
+constexpr Result<ArrayLength> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::arrayLength(CString, bool const pass) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
 			OX_REQUIRE(g, m_reader.tellg());
-			OX_REQUIRE(out, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(out, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			if (!pass) {
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_reader.seekg(g));
 			}
@@ -437,12 +439,12 @@ constexpr Result<ArrayLength> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::arrayLength(const
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr Result<StringLength> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::stringLength(const char*) noexcept {
+constexpr Result<StringLength> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::stringLength(CString) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			auto len = mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead);
+			auto len = mc::decodeInteger<StringLength>(m_reader, bytesRead);
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_reader.seekg(-static_cast<int64_t>(bytesRead), ox::ios_base::cur));
 			return len;
 		}
@@ -452,34 +454,34 @@ constexpr Result<StringLength> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::stringLength(con
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 template<typename I>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::readInteger(I *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::readInteger(I &val) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			auto const result = mc::decodeInteger<I>(m_reader, &bytesRead);
+			auto const result = mc::decodeInteger<I>(m_reader, bytesRead);
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(result);
-			*val = result.value;
+			val = result.value;
 		} else {
-			*val = 0;
+			val = 0;
 		}
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 template<typename T, typename CB>
-constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, CB cb) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(CString, CB cb) noexcept {
-	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<std::size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
+	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || static_cast<size_t>(*m_unionIdx) == m_field) {
-		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field))) {
+		if (m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field))) {
 			// read the length
-			std::size_t bytesRead = 0;
+			size_t bytesRead = 0;
-			OX_REQUIRE(len, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, &bytesRead));
+			OX_REQUIRE(len, mc::decodeInteger<ArrayLength>(m_reader, bytesRead));
 			// read the list
 			auto reader = child("");
 			auto &handler = *reader.interface();
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("List", 0, {}, static_cast<std::size_t>(len)));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("List", 0, {}, static_cast<size_t>(len)));
-			for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+			for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 				T val;
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.field("", &val));
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(cb(i, &val));
@@ -487,13 +489,13 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char*, CB cb) noexc
 		}
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 template<typename T>
 constexpr ox::Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::setTypeInfo(
-		const char*, int, const Vector<String>&, std::size_t fields) noexcept {
+		CString, int, const Vector<String>&, size_t const fields) noexcept {
 	m_fields = fields;
 	// Warning: narrow-conv
 	return m_reader.seekg(
@@ -503,24 +505,24 @@ constexpr ox::Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::setTypeInfo(
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 constexpr MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader> MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::child(
-		const char*,
+		CString,
-		ox::Optional<int> unionIdx) noexcept {
+		Optional<int> const unionIdx) noexcept {
 	return MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>(m_reader, unionIdx);
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr bool MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldPresent(const char*) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldPresent(CString) const noexcept {
-	return m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field)).value;
+	return m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(m_field)).value;
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
-constexpr bool MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldPresent(int fieldNo) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::fieldPresent(int const fieldNo) const noexcept {
-	return m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<std::size_t>(fieldNo)).value;
+	return m_fieldPresence.get(static_cast<size_t>(fieldNo)).value;
 }
 
 template<Reader_c Reader>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr int MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::whichFieldPresent(const char*, const ModelUnion &u) const noexcept {
+constexpr int MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::whichFieldPresent(CString, ModelUnion const &u) const noexcept {
 	FieldBitmapReader<Reader> p(m_reader);
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < u.fieldCount(); ++i) {
 		if (p.get(i)) {
@@ -538,11 +540,10 @@ constexpr void MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::nextField() noexcept {
 using MetalClawReader = MetalClawReaderTemplate<ox::BufferReader>;
 
 template<typename T>
-Error readMC(ox::BufferView buff, T &val) noexcept {
+Error readMC(ox::BufferView const buff, T &val) noexcept {
 	BufferReader br(buff);
 	MetalClawReader reader(br);
-	ModelHandlerInterface<MetalClawReader, ox::OpType::Read> handler(&reader);
+	return model(reader.interface(), &val);
-	return model(&handler, &val);
 }
 
 template<typename T>

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/test/tests.cpp

@@ -157,8 +157,7 @@ std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 				oxAssert(testIn.Int8                == testOut.Int8,                "Int8 value mismatch");
 				oxAssert(testIn.Union.Int           == testOut.Union.Int,           "Union.Int value mismatch");
 				oxAssert(testIn.String              == testOut.String,              "String value mismatch");
-				oxDebugf("{}", testOut.IString.len());
+				ox::expect(testIn.IString,               testOut.IString);
-				oxExpect(testIn.IString,               testOut.IString);
 				oxAssert(testIn.List[0]             == testOut.List[0],             "List[0] value mismatch");
 				oxAssert(testIn.List[1]             == testOut.List[1],             "List[1] value mismatch");
 				oxAssert(testIn.List[2]             == testOut.List[2],             "List[2] value mismatch");

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/write.hpp

@@ -29,71 +29,71 @@
 namespace ox {
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-class MetalClawWriter {
+class MetalClawWriter: public ModelHandlerBase<MetalClawWriter<Writer>, OpType::Write> {
 
 	private:
-		ox::Vector<uint8_t, 16> m_presenceMapBuff{};
+		Vector<char, 16> m_presenceMapBuff{};
-		FieldBitmap m_fieldPresence;
+		FieldBitmapWriter m_fieldPresence{m_presenceMapBuff};
-		int m_field = 0;
+		int m_field{};
-		ox::Optional<int> m_unionIdx;
+		Optional<int> m_unionIdx;
-		std::size_t m_writerBeginP{};
+		size_t m_writerBeginP{};
 		Writer &m_writer;
 
 	public:
-		constexpr explicit MetalClawWriter(Writer &writer, ox::Optional<int> const&unionIdx = {}) noexcept;
+		constexpr explicit MetalClawWriter(Writer &writer, Optional<int> const &unionIdx = {}) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr ~MetalClawWriter() noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int8_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int8_t const *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int16_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int16_t const *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int32_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int32_t const *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int64_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, int64_t const *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint8_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint8_t const *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint16_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint16_t const *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint32_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint32_t const *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint64_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, uint64_t const *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const bool *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, bool const *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, T const *val, size_t len) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char *name, const HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString name, HashMap<String, T> const *val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
+		template<size_t SmallStringSize>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, BasicString<SmallStringSize> const *val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
+		template<size_t L>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const IString<L> *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, IString<L> const *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, CString const*val, size_t buffLen) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char **val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, CString *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, CString const*val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, CString val, size_t strLen) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, const T *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, T const *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(CString, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T = std::nullptr_t>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo(
-				const char *name = T::TypeName,
+				CString name = T::TypeName,
 				int version = T::TypeVersion,
-		        const Vector<String>& = {},
+		        Vector<String> const& = {},
-				std::size_t fields = ModelFieldCount_v<T>) noexcept;
+				size_t fields = ModelFieldCount_v<T>) noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * stringLength is not implemented in MetalClawWriter
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr auto stringLength(const char*) noexcept {
+		constexpr auto stringLength(CString) noexcept {
 			return 0;
 		}
 
@@ -101,28 +101,23 @@ class MetalClawWriter {
 		 * stringLength is not implemented in MetalClawWriter
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr auto arrayLength(const char*, bool = true) noexcept {
+		constexpr auto arrayLength(CString, bool = true) noexcept {
 			return 0;
 		}
 
-		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr Error finalize() noexcept;
-		static constexpr auto opType() noexcept {
-			return OpType::Write;
-		}
-
-		ox::Error finalize() noexcept;
 
 	private:
 		constexpr Error appendInteger(Integer_c auto val) noexcept {
 			bool fieldSet = false;
 			if (val && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 				auto mi = mc::encodeInteger(val);
-				OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(mi.data.data()), mi.length));
+				OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<CString>(mi.data.data()), mi.length));
 				fieldSet = true;
 			}
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 			++m_field;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 };
@@ -131,144 +126,147 @@ extern template class ModelHandlerInterface<MetalClawWriter<BufferWriter>>;
 extern template class ModelHandlerInterface<MetalClawWriter<CharBuffWriter>>;
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr MetalClawWriter<Writer>::MetalClawWriter(Writer &writer, ox::Optional<int> const&unionIdx) noexcept:
+constexpr MetalClawWriter<Writer>::MetalClawWriter(Writer &writer, Optional<int> const &unionIdx) noexcept:
-	m_fieldPresence(m_presenceMapBuff.data(), m_presenceMapBuff.size()),
 	m_unionIdx(unionIdx),
 	m_writerBeginP(writer.tellp()),
 	m_writer(writer) {
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int8_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, int8_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int16_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, int16_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int32_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, int32_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int64_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, int64_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint8_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, uint8_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint16_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, uint16_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint32_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, uint32_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint64_t *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, uint64_t const *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const bool *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, bool const *val) noexcept {
 	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field) {
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), *val));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), *val));
 	}
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
+template<size_t SmallStringSize>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, BasicString<SmallStringSize> const *val) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
-	if (val->len() && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
+	if (val->size() && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 		// write the length
-		const auto strLen = mc::encodeInteger(val->len());
+		auto const strLen = mc::encodeInteger(val->size());
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(strLen.data.data()), strLen.length));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<CString>(strLen.data.data()), strLen.length));
 		// write the string
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(val->c_str(), static_cast<std::size_t>(val->len())));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(val->c_str(), static_cast<size_t>(val->size())));
 		fieldSet = true;
 	}
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-template<std::size_t L>
+template<size_t L>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char *name, const IString<L> *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString name, IString<L> const *val) noexcept {
-	return fieldCString(name, val->data(), val->len());
+	return fieldCString(name, val->data(), val->size());
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(const char*, const char *const*val, std::size_t) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(CString, CString const *val, size_t) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
 	if (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field) {
-		const auto strLen = *val ? ox::strlen(*val) : 0;
+		OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
+		// this strlen is tolerated because sometimes 0 gets passed to
+		// the size param, which is a lie
+		// this code should be cleaned up at some point...
+		auto const strLen = *val ? ox::strlen(*val) : 0;
+		OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 		// write the length
-		const auto strLenBuff = mc::encodeInteger(strLen);
+		auto const strLenBuff = mc::encodeInteger(strLen);
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(strLenBuff.data.data()), strLenBuff.length));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<CString>(strLenBuff.data.data()), strLenBuff.length));
 		// write the string
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(*val, static_cast<std::size_t>(strLen)));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(*val, static_cast<size_t>(strLen)));
 		fieldSet = true;
 	}
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(const char *name, const char **val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(CString const name, CString *val) noexcept {
 	return fieldCString(name, val, {});
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(CString const name, CString const *val) noexcept {
 	return fieldCString(name, val, {});
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(const char*, const char *val, std::size_t strLen) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(CString, CString const val, size_t const strLen) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
 	if (strLen && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 		// write the length
-		const auto strLenBuff = mc::encodeInteger(strLen);
+		auto const strLenBuff = mc::encodeInteger(strLen);
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(strLenBuff.data.data()), strLenBuff.length));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<CString>(strLenBuff.data.data()), strLenBuff.length));
 		// write the string
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(val, static_cast<std::size_t>(strLen)));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(val, static_cast<size_t>(strLen)));
 		fieldSet = true;
 	}
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const T *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, T const *val) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(isVector_v<T> || isArray_v<T>) {
 		return field(nullptr, val->data(), val->size());
 	} else {
 		bool fieldSet = false;
 		if (val && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 			auto const writeIdx = m_writer.tellp();
-			MetalClawWriter<Writer> writer(m_writer);
+			MetalClawWriter writer(m_writer);
-			ModelHandlerInterface<MetalClawWriter<Writer>> handler{&writer};
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(writer.interface(), val));
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, val));
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.finalize());
 			fieldSet = writeIdx != m_writer.tellp();
 		}
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 		++m_field;
 		return {};
 	}
@@ -276,65 +274,62 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const T *val) noexce
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename U, bool force>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
 	if (val.get() && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 		auto const writeIdx = m_writer.tellp();
-		MetalClawWriter<Writer> writer(m_writer, ox::Optional<int>(ox::in_place, val.idx()));
+		MetalClawWriter writer(m_writer, Optional<int>(in_place, val.idx()));
-		ModelHandlerInterface handler{&writer};
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(writer.interface(), val.get()));
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, val.get()));
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.finalize());
 		fieldSet = writeIdx != m_writer.tellp();
 	}
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 	++m_field;
 	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, T const *val, size_t const len) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
 	if (len && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 		// write the length
-		const auto arrLen = mc::encodeInteger(len);
+		auto const arrLen = mc::encodeInteger(len);
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(arrLen.data.data()), arrLen.length));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<CString>(arrLen.data.data()), arrLen.length));
 		auto const writeIdx = m_writer.tellp();
-		MetalClawWriter<Writer> writer(m_writer);
+		MetalClawWriter writer(m_writer);
-		ModelHandlerInterface handler{&writer};
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.interface()->template setTypeInfo<T>("List", 0, {}, static_cast<size_t>(len)));
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.template setTypeInfo<T>("List", 0, {}, static_cast<std::size_t>(len)));
 		// write the array
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i{}; i < len; ++i) {
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.field("", &val[i]));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.interface()->field("", &val[i]));
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 		}
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.finalize());
 		fieldSet = writeIdx != m_writer.tellp();
 	}
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(CString, HashMap<String, T> const *val) noexcept {
-	const auto &keys = val->keys();
+	auto const &keys = val->keys();
-	const auto len = keys.size();
+	auto const len = keys.size();
 	bool fieldSet = false;
 	if (len && (!m_unionIdx.has_value() || *m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 		// write the length
-		const auto arrLen = mc::encodeInteger(len);
+		auto const arrLen = mc::encodeInteger(len);
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(arrLen.data.data()), arrLen.length));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(reinterpret_cast<CString>(arrLen.data.data()), arrLen.length));
 		// write map
-		MetalClawWriter<Writer> writer(m_writer);
+		MetalClawWriter writer(m_writer);
-		ModelHandlerInterface handler{&writer};
 		// double len for both key and value
-		OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.setTypeInfo("Map", 0, {}, len * 2));
+		OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.interface()->setTypeInfo("Map", 0, {}, len * 2));
 		// this loop body needs to be in a lambda because of the potential alloca call
-		constexpr auto loopBody = [](auto &handler, auto const&key, auto const&val) -> ox::Error {
+		constexpr auto loopBody = [](auto &handler, auto const &key, auto const &val) -> Error {
-			const auto keyLen = key.len();
+			auto const keyLen = key.size();
 			auto wkey = ox_malloca(keyLen + 1, char, 0);
 			memcpy(wkey.get(), key.c_str(), keyLen + 1);
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.fieldCString("", wkey.get(), keyLen));
@@ -342,53 +337,51 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const HashMap<String
 			return handler.field("", value);
 		};
 		// write the array
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i{}; i < len; ++i) {
-			auto const&key = keys[i];
+			auto const &key = keys[i];
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(loopBody(handler, key, *val));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(loopBody(*writer.interface(), key, *val));
 		}
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.finalize());
 		fieldSet = true;
 	}
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<size_t>(m_field), fieldSet));
 	++m_field;
-	return ox::Error(0);
-}
-
-template<Writer_c Writer>
-template<typename T>
-constexpr ox::Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::setTypeInfo(
-		const char*,
-		int,
-		const Vector<String>&,
-		std::size_t fields) noexcept {
-	const auto fieldPresenceLen = (fields - 1) / 8 + 1;
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(nullptr, fieldPresenceLen));
-	m_presenceMapBuff.resize(fieldPresenceLen);
-	m_fieldPresence.setBuffer(m_presenceMapBuff.data(), m_presenceMapBuff.size());
-	m_fieldPresence.setFields(static_cast<int>(fields));
 	return {};
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-ox::Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::finalize() noexcept {
+template<typename T>
-	const auto end = m_writer.tellp();
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::setTypeInfo(
+		CString,
+		int,
+		Vector<String> const&,
+		size_t const fields) noexcept {
+	auto const fieldPresenceLen = (fields - 1) / 8 + 1;
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(nullptr, fieldPresenceLen));
+	m_presenceMapBuff.resize(fieldPresenceLen);
+	m_fieldPresence.setBuffer(m_presenceMapBuff);
+	return m_fieldPresence.setFields(static_cast<int>(fields));
+}
+
+template<Writer_c Writer>
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::finalize() noexcept {
+	auto const end = m_writer.tellp();
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.seekp(m_writerBeginP));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.write(
-			reinterpret_cast<const char*>(m_presenceMapBuff.data()),
+		m_presenceMapBuff.data(),
 		m_presenceMapBuff.size()));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_writer.seekp(end));
 	return {};
 }
 
-Result<Buffer> writeMC(Writer_c auto &writer, const auto &val) noexcept {
+Result<Buffer> writeMC(Writer_c auto &writer, auto const &val) noexcept {
 	MetalClawWriter mcWriter(writer);
-	ModelHandlerInterface handler{&mcWriter};
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(mcWriter.interface(), &val));
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, &val));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(mcWriter.finalize());
 	return {};
 }
 
-Result<Buffer> writeMC(auto const&val, std::size_t buffReserveSz = 2 * units::KB) noexcept {
+Result<Buffer> writeMC(auto const &val, size_t const buffReserveSz = 2 * units::KB) noexcept {
 	Buffer buff(buffReserveSz);
 	BufferWriter bw(&buff, 0);
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(writeMC(bw, val));
@@ -396,7 +389,7 @@ Result<Buffer> writeMC(auto const&val, std::size_t buffReserveSz = 2 * units::KB
 	return buff;
 }
 
-Error writeMC(char *buff, std::size_t buffLen, auto const&val, std::size_t *sizeOut = nullptr) noexcept {
+Error writeMC(char *buff, size_t const buffLen, auto const &val, size_t *sizeOut = nullptr) noexcept {
 	CharBuffWriter bw{{buff, buffLen}};
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(writeMC(bw, val));
 	if (sizeOut) {

deps/ox/src/ox/model/def.hpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // oxModelFwdDecl is necessary because Apple-Clang is broken...
 #define OX_MODEL_FWD_DECL(modelName) constexpr ox::Error model(auto *io, ox::CommonPtrWith<modelName> auto *o) noexcept
 #define OX_MODEL_BEGIN(modelName) constexpr ox::Error model(auto *io, [[maybe_unused]] ox::CommonPtrWith<modelName> auto *o) noexcept { OX_RETURN_ERROR(io->template setTypeInfo<modelName>());
-#define OX_MODEL_END() return ox::Error(0); }
+#define OX_MODEL_END() return {}; }
 #define OX_MODEL_FIELD(fieldName) OX_RETURN_ERROR(io->field(#fieldName, &o->fieldName));
 #define OX_MODEL_FIELD_RENAME(objFieldName, serFieldName) OX_RETURN_ERROR(io->field(#serFieldName, &o->objFieldName));
 #define OX_MODEL_FRIEND(modelName) friend constexpr ox::Error model(auto *io, ox::CommonPtrWith<modelName> auto *o) noexcept

deps/ox/src/ox/model/desctypes.hpp

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static constexpr auto buildTypeId(
 		for (const auto &p : typeParams) {
 			tp += p + ",";
 		}
-		tp.resize(tp.len() - 1);
+		tp.resize(tp.size() - 1);
 		tp += "#";
 	}
 	return ox::sfmt("{}{};{}", name, tp, version);
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ constexpr Error model(TypeDescReader<T> *io, CommonPtrWith<DescriptorField> auto
 	// defaultValue is unused now, but placeholder for backwards compatibility
 	int defaultValue = 0;
 	oxReturnError(io->field("defaultValue", &defaultValue));
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 #endif
 

deps/ox/src/ox/model/descwrite.hpp

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ constexpr ox::Error TypeDescWriter::setTypeInfo(
 	PrimitiveType pt;
 	if constexpr(is_union_v<T>) {
 		pt = PrimitiveType::Union;
-	} else if constexpr(isBasicString_v<T> || isBString_v<T>) {
+	} else if constexpr(isBasicString_v<T> || isIString_v<T>) {
 		pt = PrimitiveType::String;
 	} else {
 		pt = PrimitiveType::Struct;
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ constexpr Error TypeDescWriter::field(StringViewCR name, T const*, std::size_t,
 		const auto t = type(p);
 		oxAssert(t != nullptr, "field(const char *name, T *val, std::size_t): Type not found or generated");
 		m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), detail::indirectionLevels_v<T> + 1, subscriptStack, buildTypeId(*t));
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1);
 }
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ constexpr Error TypeDescWriter::field(StringViewCR name, T const*, std::size_t)
 		auto const lvls = detail::indirectionLevels_v<T> + 1;
 		SubscriptStack subscriptStack{lvls};
 		m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), lvls, subscriptStack, buildTypeId(*t));
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1);
 }
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ constexpr Error TypeDescWriter::field(StringViewCR name, UnionView<T, force> val
 		const auto t = type(val);
 		oxAssert(t != nullptr, "field(const char *name, T val): Type not found or generated");
 		m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), 0, SubscriptStack{}, ox::String(t->typeName));
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1);
 }
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ constexpr const DescriptorType *TypeDescWriter::type(const char*) const noexcept
 template<std::size_t sz>
 constexpr const DescriptorType *TypeDescWriter::type(const IString<sz>*) const noexcept {
 	constexpr auto PT = PrimitiveType::String;
-	return getType(types::BString, 0, PT, 0);
+	return getType(types::IString, 0, PT, 0);
 }
 
 constexpr const DescriptorType *TypeDescWriter::getType(StringViewCR tn, int typeVersion, PrimitiveType pt, int b,
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ constexpr const DescriptorType *TypeDescWriter::getType(StringViewCR tn, int typ
 template<typename T>
 constexpr Result<DescriptorType*> buildTypeDef(TypeStore &typeStore) noexcept {
 	TypeDescWriter writer(&typeStore);
-	ModelHandlerInterface<TypeDescWriter, ox::OpType::Reflect> handler(&writer);
+	ModelHandlerInterface<TypeDescWriter, ox::OpType::Reflect> handler(writer);
 	if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 		std::allocator<T> a;
 		T *t = a.allocate(1);
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ constexpr Result<DescriptorType*> buildTypeDef(TypeStore &typeStore) noexcept {
 template<typename T>
 constexpr Result<DescriptorType*> buildTypeDef(TypeStore &typeStore, T &val) noexcept {
 	TypeDescWriter writer(&typeStore);
-	ModelHandlerInterface<TypeDescWriter, ox::OpType::Reflect> handler(&writer);
+	ModelHandlerInterface<TypeDescWriter, ox::OpType::Reflect> handler(writer);
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, &val));
 	return writer.definition();
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/model/fieldcounter.hpp

@@ -31,25 +31,25 @@ class FieldCounter {
 		template<typename U>
 		constexpr ox::Error field(StringViewCR, U) noexcept {
 			++fields;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename U>
 		constexpr ox::Error field(StringViewCR, U, std::size_t) noexcept {
 			++fields;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, typename Handler>
 		constexpr Error field(StringViewCR, Handler) {
 			++fields;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename ...Args>
 		constexpr Error fieldCString(Args&&...) noexcept {
 			++fields;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		static constexpr auto opType() noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/model/modelhandleradaptor.hpp

@@ -17,176 +17,177 @@ namespace ox {
 template<typename Handler, OpType opType_v = Handler::opType()>
 class ModelHandlerInterface {
 	private:
-		Handler *m_handler = nullptr;
+		Handler &m_handler;
 
 	public:
-		constexpr explicit ModelHandlerInterface(Handler *handler) noexcept: m_handler(handler) {
+		constexpr explicit ModelHandlerInterface(Handler &handler) noexcept: m_handler(handler) {
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = std::nullptr_t>
 		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(
-			const char* name = T::TypeName,
+			CString name = T::TypeName,
 			int version = T::TypeVersion,
-			const Vector<String>& typeParams = {}) noexcept {
+			Vector<String> const &typeParams = {}) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->template setTypeInfo<T>(name, version, typeParams, ModelFieldCount_v<T>);
+			return m_handler.template setTypeInfo<T>(name, version, typeParams, ModelFieldCount_v<T>);
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = std::nullptr_t>
 		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(
-			const char *name,
+			CString name,
 			int version,
-			const Vector<String>& typeParams,
+			Vector<String> const &typeParams,
-			std::size_t fields) noexcept {
+			size_t fields) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->template setTypeInfo<T>(name, version, typeParams, fields);
+			return m_handler.template setTypeInfo<T>(name, version, typeParams, fields);
 		}
 
-		template<std::size_t len>
+		template<size_t len>
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char val[len]) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char val[len]) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->fieldCString(name, &val[0], len);
+			return m_handler.fieldCString(name, &val[0], len);
 		}
 
-		template<std::size_t len>
+		template<size_t len>
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char val[len]) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char const val[len]) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
 			if constexpr(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
-				return m_handler->fieldCString(name, &val[0], len);
+				return m_handler.fieldCString(name, &val[0], len);
 			} else {
 				return {};
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char **val) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char **val) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->fieldCString(name, val);
+			return m_handler.fieldCString(name, val);
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char const *const*val) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
 			// this check looks pointless, but it's to address a Clang bug
 			if constexpr(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
-				return m_handler->fieldCString(name, val);
+				return m_handler.fieldCString(name, val);
 			} else {
 				return {};
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char **val) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char const **val) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
 			// this check looks pointless, but it's to address a Clang bug
 			if constexpr(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
-				return m_handler->fieldCString(name, val);
+				return m_handler.fieldCString(name, val);
 			} else {
 				return {};
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char **val, size_t buffLen) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->fieldCString(name, val, buffLen);
+			return m_handler.fieldCString(name, val, buffLen);
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char const **val, size_t buffLen) noexcept requires(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
 			// this check looks pointless, but it's to address a Clang bug
 			if constexpr(opType_v != OpType::Read) {
-				return m_handler->fieldCString(name, val, buffLen);
+				return m_handler.fieldCString(name, val, buffLen);
 			} else {
 				return {};
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char *val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error fieldCString(CString name, char *val, size_t buffLen) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->fieldCString(name, val, buffLen);
+			return m_handler.fieldCString(name, val, buffLen);
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error fieldModelValue(const char *name, CommonPtrWith<ModelValue> auto *v) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error fieldModelValue(char const *name, CommonPtrWith<ModelValue> auto *v) noexcept {
 			switch (v->type()) {
 				case ModelValue::Type::Undefined:
 					break;
 				case ModelValue::Type::Bool:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<bool>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<bool>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::UnsignedInteger8:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<uint8_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<uint8_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::UnsignedInteger16:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<uint16_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<uint16_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::UnsignedInteger32:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<uint32_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<uint32_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::UnsignedInteger64:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<uint64_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<uint64_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::SignedInteger8:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<int8_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<int8_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::SignedInteger16:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<int16_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<int16_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::SignedInteger32:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<int32_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<int32_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::SignedInteger64:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<int64_t>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<int64_t>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::String:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<String>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<String>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::Object:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<ModelObject>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<ModelObject>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::Union:
 				{
 					auto &u = v->template get<ModelUnion>();
 					if constexpr(opType_v == OpType::Read) {
-						u.setActiveField(m_handler->whichFieldPresent(name, u));
+						u.setActiveField(whichFieldPresent(m_handler, name, u));
-						return m_handler->field(name, UnionView<ModelUnion, true>(&u, u.unionIdx()));
+						return m_handler.field(name, UnionView<ModelUnion, true>(&u, u.unionIdx()));
 					} else {
-						return m_handler->field(name, UnionView<const ModelUnion, true>(&u, u.unionIdx()));
+						return m_handler.field(name, UnionView<ModelUnion const, true>(&u, u.unionIdx()));
 					}
 				}
 				case ModelValue::Type::Vector:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<ModelValueVector>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<ModelValueVector>());
 				case ModelValue::Type::InlineArray:
-					return m_handler->field(name, &v->template get<ModelValueArray>());
+					return m_handler.field(name, &v->template get<ModelValueArray>());
 			}
 			oxErrf("invalid type: {}: {}\n", name, static_cast<int>(v->type()));
-			oxPanic(ox::Error(1), "invalid type");
+			ox::panic("invalid type");
 			return ox::Error(1, "invalid type");
 		}
 
 		// array handler, with callback to allow handling individual elements
 		template<typename T, typename Callback>
-		constexpr Error field(const char *name, Callback cb) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error field(CString name, Callback cb) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->template field<T, Callback>(name, cb);
+			return m_handler.template field<T, Callback>(name, cb);
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char *name, const T *v) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error field(CString name, const T *v) noexcept {
 			if constexpr(ox::is_same_v<T, ModelValue>) {
 				return fieldModelValue(name, v);
 			} else {
-				return m_handler->field(name, v);
+				return m_handler.field(name, v);
 			}
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char *name, T *v) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error field(CString name, T *v) noexcept {
 			if constexpr(ox::is_same_v<T, ModelValue>) {
 				return fieldModelValue(name, v);
 			} else {
-				return m_handler->field(name, v);
+				return m_handler.field(name, v);
 			}
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
-		constexpr Error field(const char *name, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error field(CString name, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->field(name, val);
+			return m_handler.field(name, val);
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char *name, auto *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error field(CString name, auto *val, size_t len) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->field(name, val, len);
+			return m_handler.field(name, val, len);
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * Reads an array length from the current location in the buffer.
+		 * @param name
 		 * @param pass indicates that the parsing should iterate past the array length
 		 */
 		 [[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr auto arrayLength(const char *name, bool pass = true) noexcept {
+		constexpr auto arrayLength(CString name, bool pass = true) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->arrayLength(name, pass);
+			return m_handler.arrayLength(name, pass);
 		}
 
 		/**
 		 * Reads an string length from the current location in the buffer.
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr auto stringLength(const char *name) noexcept {
+		constexpr auto stringLength(CString name) noexcept {
-			return m_handler->stringLength(name);
+			return m_handler.stringLength(name);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
@@ -198,22 +199,33 @@ class ModelHandlerInterface {
 		constexpr auto handler() noexcept {
 			return m_handler;
 		}
+
+	private:
+		template<typename H>
+		static constexpr int whichFieldPresent(H &h, CString name, ModelUnion const &u) noexcept
+			requires(H::opType() == OpType::Read) {
+			return h.whichFieldPresent(name, u);
+		}
+
+		template<typename H>
+		static constexpr int whichFieldPresent(H&, CString, ModelUnion const&) noexcept
+			requires(H::opType() != OpType::Read) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+
 };
 
-template<typename Handler, ox::OpType opType_v = Handler::opType()>
+template<typename Handler, OpType opType_v = Handler::opType()>
 class ModelHandlerBase {
 	private:
-		ModelHandlerInterface<Handler, opType_v> m_interface;
+		ModelHandlerInterface<Handler, opType_v> m_interface{*static_cast<Handler*>(this)};
 	public:
-		constexpr ModelHandlerBase() noexcept: m_interface(static_cast<Handler*>(this)) {}
-		constexpr ModelHandlerBase(const ModelHandlerBase&) noexcept: m_interface(static_cast<Handler*>(this)) {}
-		constexpr ModelHandlerBase(ModelHandlerBase&&) noexcept: m_interface(static_cast<Handler*>(this)) {}
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr auto interface() noexcept {
 			return &m_interface;
 		}
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		static constexpr ox::OpType opType() noexcept {
+		static constexpr OpType opType() noexcept {
 			return opType_v;
 		}
 };

deps/ox/src/ox/model/modelops.hpp

@@ -56,19 +56,19 @@ class MemberList {
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr Error field(const char*, T *v) noexcept {
 			vars[m_i++] = static_cast<void*>(v);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr Error field(const char*, T *v, int) noexcept {
 			vars[m_i++] = static_cast<void*>(v);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
 		constexpr Error field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> u) noexcept {
 			vars[m_i++] = static_cast<void*>(u.get());
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class Copier {
 				auto &dst = *cbit_cast<FT*>(m_dst->vars[m_i]);
 				dst = src;
 				++m_i;
-				return ox::Error(0);
+				return {};
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class Copier {
 				dst = src;
 			}
 			++m_i;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class Copier {
 			auto &src = *u.get();
 			dst = src;
 			++m_i;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = void>
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class Mover {
 				dst = std::move(src);
 				src = FT{};
 				++m_i;
-				return ox::Error(0);
+				return {};
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ class Mover {
 				src = FT{};
 			}
 			++m_i;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class Mover {
 			auto &src = *u.get();
 			dst = std::move(src);
 			++m_i;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = void>
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class Equals {
 			const auto &dst = std::bit_cast<FT>(*m_other->vars[m_i]);
 			++m_i;
 			if (dst == src) {
-				return ox::Error(0);
+				return {};
 			} else {
 				this->value = false;
 				return ox::Error(1);
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ class Equals {
 				}
 			}
 			++m_i;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class Equals {
 			const auto &src = *u.get();
 			++m_i;
 			if (dst == src) {
-				return ox::Error(0);
+				return {};
 			} else {
 				this->value = false;
 				return ox::Error(1);

deps/ox/src/ox/model/modelvalue.cpp

@@ -6,18 +6,23 @@
  * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
  */
 
+#include <ox/std/hashmap.hpp>
+
 #include "modelvalue.hpp"
 
 namespace ox {
 
-static_assert([]() -> ox::Error {
+static_assert([]() -> Error {
-	ox::ModelValue v;
+	ModelValue v;
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(v.setType<int32_t>());
 	if (v.type() != ModelValue::Type::SignedInteger32) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "type is wrong");
+		return Error(1, "type is wrong");
 	}
 	//oxReturnError(v.set<int32_t>(5));
 	return {};
-}() == ox::Error(0));
+}() == Error{});
+
+// a dummy function to prevent linker errors in a library that has no other symbols
+void modelDummyFunc() noexcept {}
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/model/modelvalue.hpp

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class ModelValue {
 				return Type::Union;
 			} else if constexpr(is_same_v<U, ModelObject>) {
 				return Type::Object;
-			} else if constexpr(isBasicString_v<U> || isBString_v<U>) {
+			} else if constexpr(isBasicString_v<U> || isIString_v<U>) {
 				return Type::String;
 			} else if constexpr(is_same_v<U, ModelValueVector>) {
 				return Type::Vector;
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class ModelValue {
 		constexpr const auto &get() const noexcept {
 			constexpr auto type = getType<T>();
 			if (m_type != type) [[unlikely]] {
-				oxPanic(ox::Error(1), "invalid cast");
+				ox::panic("invalid cast");
 			}
 			return getValue<type>(*this);
 		}
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ class ModelValue {
 		constexpr auto &get() noexcept {
 			constexpr auto type = getType<T>();
 			if (m_type != type) [[unlikely]] {
-				oxPanic(ox::Error(1), "invalid cast");
+				ox::panic("invalid cast");
 			}
 			return getValue<type>(*this);
 		}
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class ModelValue {
 		constexpr Type type() const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr Error setType(
-				DescriptorType const*type,
+				DescriptorType const *type,
 				SubscriptStack const& = {},
 				int subscriptLevels = 0) noexcept;
 
@@ -200,8 +200,6 @@ class ModelValue {
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr Error set(T &&v) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr ModelValue &operator=(ModelValue &val) noexcept;
-
 		constexpr ModelValue &operator=(const ModelValue &val) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr ModelValue &operator=(ModelValue &&val) noexcept;
@@ -275,7 +273,7 @@ class ModelValueArray {
 		}
 
 		constexpr Error setType(
-				DescriptorType const*type,
+				DescriptorType const *type,
 				SubscriptStack subscriptStack,
 				int subscriptLevels) noexcept {
 			oxAssert(subscriptLevels <= static_cast<int>(subscriptStack.size()), "subscript level mismatch");
@@ -418,7 +416,7 @@ class ModelValueVector {
 		}
 
 		constexpr Error setType(
-				DescriptorType const*type,
+				DescriptorType const *type,
 				SubscriptStack subscriptStack,
 				int subscriptLevels) noexcept {
 			oxAssert(subscriptLevels <= static_cast<int>(subscriptStack.size()), "subscript level mismatch");
@@ -821,7 +819,7 @@ class ModelUnion {
 
 template<typename PlatSpec>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr std::size_t sizeOf(ModelValueArray const*v) noexcept {
+constexpr std::size_t sizeOf(ModelValueArray const *v) noexcept {
 	return sizeOf<PlatSpec>(&(*v)[0]) * v->size();
 }
 
@@ -972,7 +970,7 @@ constexpr Error model(auto *h, CommonPtrWith<ModelObject> auto *obj) noexcept {
 	for (auto &f : obj->m_fieldsOrder) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(h->field(f->name.c_str(), &f->value));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 constexpr Error model(auto *h, CommonPtrWith<ModelUnion> auto *obj) noexcept {
@@ -981,7 +979,7 @@ constexpr Error model(auto *h, CommonPtrWith<ModelUnion> auto *obj) noexcept {
 	for (auto &f : obj->m_fieldsOrder) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(h->field(f->name.c_str(), &f->value));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 constexpr ModelValue::ModelValue(const ModelValue &other) noexcept {
@@ -997,7 +995,7 @@ constexpr ModelValue::ModelValue(const ModelValue &other) noexcept {
 		case Type::SignedInteger16:
 		case Type::SignedInteger32:
 		case Type::SignedInteger64:
-			ox::memcpy(&m_data, &other.m_data, sizeof(m_data));
+			m_data = other.m_data;
 			break;
 		case Type::String:
 			m_data.str = new String(other.get<String>());
@@ -1030,8 +1028,8 @@ constexpr ModelValue::ModelValue(ModelValue &&other) noexcept {
 		case Type::SignedInteger16:
 		case Type::SignedInteger32:
 		case Type::SignedInteger64:
-			ox::memcpy(&m_data, &other.m_data, sizeof(m_data));
+			m_data = other.m_data;
-			ox::memset(&other.m_data, 0, sizeof(m_data));
+			other.m_data.ui64 = 0;
 			break;
 		case Type::String:
 			m_data.str = other.m_data.str;
@@ -1098,7 +1096,7 @@ constexpr Error ModelValue::setType(
 	} else if (type->typeName == types::Bool) {
 		m_type = Type::Bool;
 	} else if (type->typeName == types::BasicString ||
-	           type->typeName == types::BString ||
+	           type->typeName == types::IString ||
 	           type->typeName == types::String) {
 		m_type = Type::String;
 		m_data.str = new String;
@@ -1129,7 +1127,7 @@ constexpr Error ModelValue::setType(
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(m_data.uni->setType(type));
 	}
 	oxAssert(m_type != Type::Undefined, "No type set");
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename T>
@@ -1176,7 +1174,7 @@ template<typename T>
 constexpr Error ModelValue::set(const T &v) noexcept {
 	constexpr auto type = getType<T>();
 	if (m_type != type) [[unlikely]] {
-		return ox::Error(1, "type mismatch");
+		return Error(1, "type mismatch");
 	}
 	auto &value = getValue<type>(*this);
 	if constexpr(type == Type::Vector || type == Type::Object ||
@@ -1184,7 +1182,7 @@ constexpr Error ModelValue::set(const T &v) noexcept {
 		safeDelete(&value);
 	}
 	value = v;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename T>
@@ -1199,11 +1197,7 @@ constexpr Error ModelValue::set(T &&v) noexcept {
 		safeDelete(&value);
 	}
 	value = std::move(v);
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
-}
-
-constexpr ModelValue &ModelValue::operator=(ModelValue &other) noexcept {
-	return this->operator=(const_cast<const ModelValue&>(other));
 }
 
 constexpr ModelValue &ModelValue::operator=(const ModelValue &other) noexcept {
@@ -1223,7 +1217,7 @@ constexpr ModelValue &ModelValue::operator=(const ModelValue &other) noexcept {
 		case Type::SignedInteger16:
 		case Type::SignedInteger32:
 		case Type::SignedInteger64:
-			ox::memcpy(&m_data, &other.m_data, sizeof(m_data));
+			m_data = other.m_data;
 			break;
 		case Type::String:
 			m_data.str = new String(other.get<String>());
@@ -1261,8 +1255,8 @@ constexpr ModelValue &ModelValue::operator=(ModelValue &&other) noexcept {
 		case Type::SignedInteger16:
 		case Type::SignedInteger32:
 		case Type::SignedInteger64:
-			ox::memcpy(&m_data, &other.m_data, sizeof(m_data));
+			m_data = other.m_data;
-			ox::memset(&other.m_data, 0, sizeof(m_data));
+			other.m_data = {};
 			break;
 		case Type::String:
 			m_data.str = other.m_data.str;

deps/ox/src/ox/model/typenamecatcher.hpp

@@ -38,17 +38,17 @@ struct TypeNameCatcher {
 
 	template<typename T>
 	constexpr Error field(const char*, T*, std::size_t) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	template<typename T>
 	constexpr Error field(const char*, T) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	template<typename ...Args>
 	constexpr Error fieldCString(Args&&...) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	static constexpr auto opType() noexcept {
@@ -77,17 +77,17 @@ struct TypeInfoCatcher {
 
 	template<typename T>
 	constexpr Error field(const char*, T*, std::size_t) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	template<typename T>
 	constexpr Error field(const char*, T) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	template<typename T>
 	constexpr Error fieldCString(const char*, T) noexcept {
-		return ox::Error(0);
+		return {};
 	}
 
 	static constexpr auto opType() noexcept {
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ template<typename T, typename Str = const char*>
 [[nodiscard]]
 consteval auto requireModelTypeName() noexcept {
 	constexpr auto name = getModelTypeName<T, Str>();
-	static_assert(ox::StringView{name}.len(), "Type lacks required TypeName");
+	static_assert(ox::StringView{name}.size(), "Type lacks required TypeName");
 	return name;
 }
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ constexpr auto ModelTypeId_v = [] {
 	constexpr auto name = ModelTypeName_v<T, ox::StringView>;
 	constexpr auto version = ModelTypeVersion_v<T>;
 	constexpr auto versionStr = ox::sfmt<ox::IString<19>>("{}", version);
-	return ox::sfmt<ox::IString<name.len() + versionStr.len() + 1>>("{};{}", name, versionStr);
+	return ox::sfmt<ox::IString<name.size() + versionStr.size() + 1>>("{};{}", name, versionStr);
 }();
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/model/types.hpp

@@ -31,18 +31,18 @@
 namespace ox {
 
 namespace types {
-constexpr StringView BasicString = "net.drinkingtea.ox.BasicString";
+constexpr StringLiteral BasicString = "net.drinkingtea.ox.BasicString";
-constexpr StringView BString     = "net.drinkingtea.ox.BString";
+constexpr StringLiteral IString     = "net.drinkingtea.ox.IString";
-constexpr StringView String      = "B.string";
+constexpr StringLiteral String      = "B.string";
-constexpr StringView Bool        = "B.bool";
+constexpr StringLiteral Bool        = "B.bool";
-constexpr StringView Uint8       = "B.uint8";
+constexpr StringLiteral Uint8       = "B.uint8";
-constexpr StringView Uint16      = "B.uint16";
+constexpr StringLiteral Uint16      = "B.uint16";
-constexpr StringView Uint32      = "B.uint32";
+constexpr StringLiteral Uint32      = "B.uint32";
-constexpr StringView Uint64      = "B.uint64";
+constexpr StringLiteral Uint64      = "B.uint64";
-constexpr StringView Int8        = "B.int8";
+constexpr StringLiteral Int8        = "B.int8";
-constexpr StringView Int16       = "B.int16";
+constexpr StringLiteral Int16       = "B.int16";
-constexpr StringView Int32       = "B.int32";
+constexpr StringLiteral Int32       = "B.int32";
-constexpr StringView Int64       = "B.int64";
+constexpr StringLiteral Int64       = "B.int64";
 }
 
 template<typename T>
@@ -63,17 +63,17 @@ static_assert(isBasicString_v<ox::BasicString<8ul>>);
 static_assert(isBasicString_v<ox::String>);
 
 template<typename T>
-consteval bool isBString(const T*) noexcept {
+consteval bool isIString(const T*) noexcept {
 	return false;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallVecSize>
-consteval bool isBString(const BasicString<SmallVecSize>*) noexcept {
+consteval bool isIString(const BasicString<SmallVecSize>*) noexcept {
 	return true;
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-constexpr bool isBString_v = isBasicString(static_cast<const T*>(nullptr));
+constexpr bool isIString_v = isIString(static_cast<const T*>(nullptr));
 
 static_assert(isBasicString_v<ox::BasicString<0ul>>);
 static_assert(isBasicString_v<ox::BasicString<8ul>>);
@@ -169,12 +169,12 @@ constexpr bool isSmartPtr_v<::std::unique_ptr<T>> = true;
 #endif
 
 
-template<typename Union, bool force = false>
+template<typename Union, bool force = false> requires(force || is_union_v<Union>)
 class UnionView {
 
 	protected:
 		int m_idx = -1;
-		typename enable_if<is_union_v<Union> || force, Union>::type *m_union = nullptr;
+		Union *m_union = nullptr;
 
 	public:
 		constexpr UnionView(Union *u, int idx) noexcept: m_idx(idx), m_union(u) {

deps/ox/src/ox/model/walk.hpp

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ static constexpr Error parseField(const DescriptorField &field, Reader *rdr, Dat
 		}
 	}
 	walker->popNamePath();
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename Reader, typename FH>
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ constexpr Error model(Reader *rdr, DataWalker<Reader, FH> *walker) noexcept {
 	for (const auto &field : fields) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(parseField(field, rdr, walker));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename Reader, typename Handler>

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/read.cpp

@@ -13,31 +13,31 @@
 
 namespace ox {
 
-OrganicClawReader::OrganicClawReader(const uint8_t *buff, std::size_t buffSize) {
+OrganicClawReader::OrganicClawReader(const uint8_t *buff, size_t const buffSize) {
 	auto json = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(buff);
-	auto jsonLen = ox::strnlen(json, buffSize);
+	auto jsonLen = ox::strnlen_s(json, buffSize);
 	Json::CharReaderBuilder parserBuilder;
 	auto parser = std::unique_ptr<Json::CharReader>(parserBuilder.newCharReader());
 	if (!parser->parse(json, json + jsonLen, &m_json, nullptr)) {
-		throw ox::Exception(1, "Could not parse JSON");
+		throw Exception(1, "Could not parse JSON");
 	}
 }
 
-OrganicClawReader::OrganicClawReader(const char *json, std::size_t jsonLen) {
+OrganicClawReader::OrganicClawReader(CString const json, size_t const jsonLen) {
 	Json::CharReaderBuilder parserBuilder;
 	auto parser = std::unique_ptr<Json::CharReader>(parserBuilder.newCharReader());
 	if (!parser->parse(json, json + jsonLen, &m_json, nullptr)) {
-		throw ox::Exception(1, "Could not parse JSON");
+		throw Exception(1, "Could not parse JSON");
 	}
 }
 
-OrganicClawReader::OrganicClawReader(Json::Value json, int unionIdx) noexcept:
+OrganicClawReader::OrganicClawReader(Json::Value json, int const unionIdx) noexcept:
 	m_json(std::move(json)),
 	m_unionIdx(unionIdx) {
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, bool *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, bool *val) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
 	if (targetValid()) {
 		const auto &jv = value(key);
 		if (jv.empty()) {
@@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, bool *val) noexcept {
 		} else if (jv.isBool()) {
 			*val = jv.asBool();
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error(1, "Type mismatch");
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(const char *key, char *val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(CString const key, char *val, size_t const buffLen) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
-	const char *begin = nullptr, *end = nullptr;
+	CString begin = nullptr, end = nullptr;
 	const auto &jv = value(key);
 	if (targetValid()) {
 		if (jv.empty()) {
@@ -64,25 +64,25 @@ Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(const char *key, char *val, std::size_t bu
 			}
 		} else if (jv.isString()) {
 			jv.getString(&begin, &end);
-			const auto strSize = static_cast<std::size_t>(end - begin);
+			const auto strSize = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
 			auto data = val;
 			if (strSize >= buffLen) {
-				err = ox::Error(2, "String size exceeds capacity of destination");
+				err = Error(2, "String size exceeds capacity of destination");
 			} else {
-				ox::memcpy(data, begin, static_cast<std::size_t>(strSize));
+				memcpy(data, begin, static_cast<size_t>(strSize));
 				data[strSize] = 0;
 			}
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error(1, "Type mismatch");
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(const char *key, char **val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(CString const key, char **val) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
-	const char *begin = nullptr, *end = nullptr;
+	CString begin = nullptr, end = nullptr;
 	const auto &jv = value(key);
 	auto &data = *val;
 	if (targetValid()) {
@@ -92,22 +92,22 @@ Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(const char *key, char **val) noexcept {
 			}
 		} else if (jv.isString()) {
 			jv.getString(&begin, &end);
-			const auto strSize = static_cast<std::size_t>(end - begin);
+			const auto strSize = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
 			safeDelete(*val);
 			*val = new char[strSize + 1];
-			ox::memcpy(data, begin, static_cast<std::size_t>(strSize));
+			memcpy(data, begin, static_cast<size_t>(strSize));
 			data[strSize] = 0;
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error(1, "Type mismatch");
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(const char *key, char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(CString const key, char **val, size_t const buffLen) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
-	const char *begin = nullptr, *end = nullptr;
+	CString begin = nullptr, end = nullptr;
 	const auto &jv = value(key);
 	if (targetValid()) {
 		if (jv.empty()) {
@@ -117,29 +117,29 @@ Error OrganicClawReader::fieldCString(const char *key, char **val, std::size_t b
 			}
 		} else if (jv.isString()) {
 			jv.getString(&begin, &end);
-			const auto strSize = static_cast<std::size_t>(end - begin);
+			const auto strSize = static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
 			auto data = val;
 			if (strSize >= buffLen) {
 				safeDelete(*val);
 				*val = new char[strSize + 1];
 			}
-			ox::memcpy(data, begin, static_cast<std::size_t>(strSize));
+			memcpy(data, begin, static_cast<size_t>(strSize));
 			data[strSize] = nullptr;
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error(1, "Type mismatch");
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, UUID *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, UUID *val) noexcept {
 	UUIDStr str;
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(field(key, &str));
 	return UUID::fromString(str).moveTo(*val);
 }
 
-Result<std::size_t> OrganicClawReader::arrayLength(const char *key, bool) noexcept {
+Result<size_t> OrganicClawReader::arrayLength(CString const key, bool) noexcept {
 	const auto &jv = value(key);
 	if (jv.empty()) {
 		return 0;
@@ -147,32 +147,32 @@ Result<std::size_t> OrganicClawReader::arrayLength(const char *key, bool) noexce
 	if (jv.isArray()) {
 		return jv.size();
 	}
-	return ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+	return Error(1, "Type mismatch");
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-std::size_t OrganicClawReader::stringLength(const char *key) noexcept {
+size_t OrganicClawReader::stringLength(CString const key) noexcept {
-	const char *begin = nullptr, *end = nullptr;
+	CString begin = nullptr, end = nullptr;
 	const auto &jv = value(key);
 	if (jv.empty()) {
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (jv.isString()) {
 		jv.getString(&begin, &end);
-		return static_cast<std::size_t>(end - begin);
+		return static_cast<size_t>(end - begin);
 	}
-	return ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+	return Error(1, "Type mismatch");
 }
 
-OrganicClawReader OrganicClawReader::child(const char *key, int unionIdx) noexcept {
+OrganicClawReader OrganicClawReader::child(CString const key, int const unionIdx) noexcept {
 	return OrganicClawReader(value(key), unionIdx);
 }
 
-bool OrganicClawReader::fieldPresent(const char *key) noexcept {
+bool OrganicClawReader::fieldPresent(CString const key) noexcept {
 	return !m_json[key].empty();
 }
 
-int OrganicClawReader::whichFieldPresent(const char *name, const ModelUnion &u) const noexcept {
+int OrganicClawReader::whichFieldPresent(CString const name, ModelUnion const &u) const noexcept {
 	const auto &obj = m_json[name];
 	if (!obj.isObject()) {
 		return -1;
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ int OrganicClawReader::whichFieldPresent(const char *name, const ModelUnion &u)
 	return u.getKeyIdx(keys.front().c_str());
 }
 
-Json::Value &OrganicClawReader::value(const char *key) noexcept {
+Json::Value &OrganicClawReader::value(CString const key) noexcept {
 	if (m_json.isArray()) {
 		return m_json[m_fieldIt];
 	} else {

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/read.hpp

@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <ox/std/def.hpp>
+
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 #include <json/json.h>
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 
 #include <ox/model/fieldcounter.hpp>
 #include <ox/model/modelhandleradaptor.hpp>
@@ -30,75 +34,76 @@ class OrganicClawReader {
 	private:
 		Json::Value m_json;
 		Json::ArrayIndex m_fieldIt = 0;
-		int m_unionIdx = -1;
+		int const m_unionIdx = -1;
 
 	public:
 		OrganicClawReader() noexcept = default;
 
-		OrganicClawReader(const uint8_t *buff, std::size_t buffSize);
+		OrganicClawReader(uint8_t const *buff, size_t buffSize);
 
-		OrganicClawReader(const char *json, std::size_t buffSize);
+		OrganicClawReader(CString json, size_t buffSize);
 
 		explicit OrganicClawReader(Json::Value json, int unionIdx = -1) noexcept;
 
-		Error field(const char *key, bool *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, bool *val) noexcept;
 
 		// array handler
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char *key, T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, T *val, size_t len) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char*, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char *key, T *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, T *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
-		Error field(const char *key, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
+		template<size_t L>
-		Error field(const char *key, BasicString<L> *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, BasicString<L> *val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
+		template<size_t L>
-		Error field(const char *key, IString<L> *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, IString<L> *val) noexcept;
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char *key, char *val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept;
+		Error fieldCString(CString key, char *val, size_t buffLen) noexcept;
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char *key, char **val) noexcept;
+		Error fieldCString(CString key, char **val) noexcept;
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char *key, char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept;
+		Error fieldCString(CString key, char **val, size_t buffLen) noexcept;
 
-		Error field(const char *key, UUID *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, UUID *val) noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Reads an array length from the current location in the buffer.
+		 * @param key
 		 * @param pass indicates that the parsing should iterate past the array length
 		 */
-		Result<std::size_t> arrayLength(const char *key, bool pass = true) noexcept;
+		Result<size_t> arrayLength(CString key, bool pass = true) noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Reads an string length from the current location in the buffer.
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		std::size_t stringLength(const char *name) noexcept;
+		size_t stringLength(CString key) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T = void>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo() noexcept {
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo() noexcept {
 			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = void>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(const char*) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo(CString) noexcept {
 			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = void>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(const char*, int, const Vector<String>& = {}) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo(CString, int, const Vector<String>& = {}) noexcept {
 			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T = void>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(const char*, int, const Vector<String>& = {}, std::size_t = {}) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo(CString, int, const Vector<String>& = {}, size_t = {}) noexcept {
 			return {};
 		}
 
@@ -106,16 +111,16 @@ class OrganicClawReader {
 		 * Returns a OrganicClawReader to parse a child object.
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		OrganicClawReader child(const char *key, int unionIdx = -1) noexcept;
+		OrganicClawReader child(CString key, int unionIdx = -1) noexcept;
 
 		// compatibility stub
 		constexpr void nextField() noexcept {}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		bool fieldPresent(const char *key) noexcept;
+		bool fieldPresent(CString key) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		int whichFieldPresent(const char *name, const ModelUnion &u) const noexcept;
+		int whichFieldPresent(CString name, const ModelUnion &u) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		static constexpr auto opType() noexcept {
@@ -124,7 +129,7 @@ class OrganicClawReader {
 
 	private:
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		Json::Value &value(const char *key) noexcept;
+		Json::Value &value(CString key) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		bool targetValid() const noexcept;
@@ -132,103 +137,102 @@ class OrganicClawReader {
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, T *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString key, T *val) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
 	try {
 		if constexpr (is_integer_v<T>) {
 			if (targetValid()) {
-				auto const&jv = value(key);
+				auto const &jv = value(key);
 				auto const rightType = sizeof(T) == 8 ?
-				                       (ox::is_signed_v<T> ? jv.isInt64() : jv.isUInt64()) :
+					(is_signed_v<T> ? jv.isInt64() : jv.isUInt64()) :
-				                       (ox::is_signed_v<T> ? jv.isInt() : jv.isUInt());
+					(is_signed_v<T> ? jv.isInt() : jv.isUInt());
 				if (jv.empty()) {
 					*val = 0;
 				} else if (rightType) {
-					if constexpr(ox::is_signed_v<T>) {
+					if constexpr(is_signed_v<T>) {
 						*val = static_cast<T>(jv.asInt64());
 					} else {
 						*val = static_cast<T>(jv.asUInt64());
 					}
 				} else {
-					err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+					err = Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 				}
 			}
 		} else if constexpr (isVector_v<T>) {
-			const auto&srcVal = value(key);
+			auto const &srcVal = value(key);
-			const auto srcSize = srcVal.size();
+			auto const srcSize = srcVal.size();
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(ox::resizeVector(*val, srcSize));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(resizeVector(*val, srcSize));
 			err = field(key, val->data(), val->size());
 		} else if constexpr (isArray_v<T>) {
-			const auto&srcVal = value(key);
+			auto const &srcVal = value(key);
-			const auto srcSize = srcVal.size();
+			auto const srcSize = srcVal.size();
 			if (srcSize > val->size()) {
-				err = ox::Error(1, "Input array is too long");
+				err = Error{1, "Input array is too long"};
 			} else {
 				err = field(key, val->data(), val->size());
 			}
 		} else if (targetValid()) {
-			const auto&jv = value(key);
+			auto const &jv = value(key);
 			if (jv.empty() || jv.isObject()) {
 				auto reader = child(key);
-				ModelHandlerInterface handler(&reader);
+				ModelHandlerInterface handler(reader);
 				err = model(&handler, val);
 			} else {
-				err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+				err = Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 			}
 		}
-	} catch (Json::LogicError const&e) {
+	} catch (Json::LogicError const &e) {
-		oxDebugf("JSON error: {}", e.what());
+		err = Error{1, "error reading JSON data"};
-		err = ox::Error(1, "error reading JSON data");
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
 template<typename U, bool force>
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
 	if (targetValid()) {
-		const auto &jv = value(key);
+		auto const &jv = value(key);
 		if (jv.empty() || jv.isObject()) {
 			auto reader = child(key, val.idx());
-			ModelHandlerInterface handler(&reader);
+			ModelHandlerInterface handler(reader);
 			err = model(&handler, val.get());
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
-template<std::size_t L>
+template<size_t L>
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, BasicString<L> *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, BasicString<L> *val) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
 	if (targetValid()) {
-		const auto &jv = value(key);
+		auto const &jv = value(key);
 		if (jv.empty()) {
 			*val = BasicString<L>{};
 		} else if (jv.isString()) {
 			*val = jv.asString().c_str();
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
 	return err;
 }
 
-template<std::size_t L>
+template<size_t L>
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, IString<L> *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, IString<L> *val) noexcept {
-	auto err = ox::Error(0);
+	Error err{};
 	if (targetValid()) {
-		const auto &jv = value(key);
+		auto const &jv = value(key);
 		if (jv.empty()) {
 			*val = IString<L>{};
 		} else if (jv.isString()) {
 			*val = jv.asString().c_str();
 		} else {
-			err = ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+			err = Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
@@ -237,43 +241,43 @@ Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, IString<L> *val) noexcept {
 
 // array handler
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, T *val, std::size_t valLen) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, T *val, size_t valLen) noexcept {
-	const auto &srcVal = value(key);
+	auto const &srcVal = value(key);
 	if (!srcVal.isNull() && !srcVal.isArray()) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+		return Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 	}
 	auto srcSize = srcVal.size();
 	if (srcSize > valLen) {
-		return ox::Error(1);
+		return Error{1};
 	}
 	OrganicClawReader r(srcVal);
-	ModelHandlerInterface handler{&r};
+	ModelHandlerInterface handler{r};
 	for (decltype(srcSize) i = 0; i < srcSize; ++i) {
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.field("", &val[i]));
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawReader::field(const char *key, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawReader::field(CString const key, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
-	const auto &srcVal = value(key);
+	auto const &srcVal = value(key);
 	if (!srcVal.isObject()) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "Type mismatch");
+		return Error{1, "Type mismatch"};
 	}
 	auto keys = srcVal.getMemberNames();
 	auto srcSize = srcVal.size();
 	OrganicClawReader r(srcVal);
-	ModelHandlerInterface handler{&r};
+	ModelHandlerInterface handler{r};
 	for (decltype(srcSize) i = 0; i < srcSize; ++i) {
-		const auto k = keys[i].c_str();
+		auto const k = keys[i].c_str();
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.field(k, &val->operator[](k)));
 	}
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
-Error readOC(BufferView buff, auto &val) noexcept {
+Error readOC(BufferView const buff, auto &val) noexcept {
 	// OrganicClawReader constructor can throw, but readOC should return its errors.
 	try {
 		Json::Value doc;
@@ -282,15 +286,15 @@ Error readOC(BufferView buff, auto &val) noexcept {
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 		if (!parser->parse(buff.data(), buff.data() + buff.size(), &doc, nullptr)) {
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
-			return ox::Error(1, "Could not parse JSON");
+			return Error{1, "Could not parse JSON"};
 		}
 		OrganicClawReader reader(buff.data(), buff.size());
-		ModelHandlerInterface handler(&reader);
+		ModelHandlerInterface handler(reader);
 		return model(&handler, &val);
-	} catch (const Error &err) {
+	} catch (Error const &err) {
 		return err;
 	} catch (...) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "Unknown Error");
+		return Error{1, "Unknown Error"};
 	}
 }
 
@@ -302,8 +306,8 @@ Result<T> readOC(BufferView buff) noexcept {
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-Result<T> readOC(ox::StringView json) noexcept {
+Result<T> readOC(StringViewCR json) noexcept {
-	return readOC<T>(ox::BufferView{json.data(), json.len()});
+	return readOC<T>(BufferView{json.data(), json.size()});
 }
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/write.cpp

@@ -10,29 +10,29 @@
 
 namespace ox {
 
-OrganicClawWriter::OrganicClawWriter(int unionIdx) noexcept: m_unionIdx(unionIdx) {
+OrganicClawWriter::OrganicClawWriter(int const unionIdx) noexcept: m_unionIdx(unionIdx) {
 }
 
-OrganicClawWriter::OrganicClawWriter(Json::Value json, int unionIdx) noexcept:
+OrganicClawWriter::OrganicClawWriter(Json::Value json, int const unionIdx) noexcept:
 	m_json(std::move(json)),
 	m_unionIdx(unionIdx) {
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, const char *const*val, int len) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, const char *const *val, int const len) noexcept {
 	if (targetValid() && len) {
 		value(key) = *val;
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, const char *const*val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, const char *const *val) noexcept {
 	return fieldCString(key, const_cast<const char**>(val), static_cast<int>(ox::strlen(val)));
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, const UUID *uuid) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, UUID const *uuid) noexcept {
 	const auto uuidStr = uuid->toString();
-	if (targetValid() && uuidStr.len()) {
+	if (targetValid() && uuidStr.size()) {
 		value(key) = uuidStr.c_str();
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/write.hpp

@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <ox/std/def.hpp>
+
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 #include <json/json.h>
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 
 #include <ox/model/fieldcounter.hpp>
 #include <ox/model/modelhandleradaptor.hpp>
@@ -24,85 +28,85 @@ namespace ox {
 
 class OrganicClawWriter {
 
-	friend Result<ox::Buffer> writeOC(const auto &val) noexcept;
+	friend Result<Buffer> writeOC(const auto &val) noexcept;
-	friend Result<ox::String> writeOCString(const auto &val) noexcept;
+	friend Result<String> writeOCString(const auto &val) noexcept;
 
 	protected:
 		Json::Value m_json{Json::Value(Json::objectValue)};
 		Json::ArrayIndex m_fieldIt = 0;
-		int m_unionIdx = -1;
+		int const m_unionIdx = -1;
 
 	public:
 		explicit OrganicClawWriter(int unionIdx = -1) noexcept;
 
 		explicit OrganicClawWriter(Json::Value json, int unionIdx = -1) noexcept;
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const int8_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, int8_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const int16_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, int16_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const int32_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, int32_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const int64_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, int64_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const uint8_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, uint8_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const uint16_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, uint16_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const uint32_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, uint32_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const uint64_t *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(CString const key, uint64_t const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error field(char const*key, bool const*val) noexcept {
+		Error field(char const*key, bool const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -114,12 +118,12 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 		Error field(char const*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(char const*key, HashMap<String, T> const*val) noexcept {
+		Error field(char const*key, HashMap<String, T> const *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid()) {
 				const auto &keys = val->keys();
 				OrganicClawWriter w;
-				ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{&w};
+				ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{w};
-				for (std::size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
+				for (size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
 					const auto k = keys[i].c_str();
 					if (k) [[likely]] {
 						OX_REQUIRE_M(value, val->at(k));
@@ -132,49 +136,49 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return {};
 		}
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
+		template<size_t L>
-		Error field(char const*key, IString<L> const*val) noexcept {
+		Error field(char const*key, IString<L> const *val) noexcept {
-			if (targetValid() && val->len()) {
+			if (targetValid() && val->size()) {
 				value(key) = val->c_str();
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
 			return {};
 		}
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
+		template<size_t L>
-		Error field(char const*key, BasicString<L> const*val) noexcept {
+		Error field(char const*key, BasicString<L> const *val) noexcept {
-			if (targetValid() && val->len()) {
+			if (targetValid() && val->size()) {
 				value(key) = val->c_str();
 			}
 			++m_fieldIt;
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char*, const char *const*val, int len) noexcept;
+		Error fieldCString(CString, CString const *val, int len) noexcept;
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val) noexcept;
+		Error fieldCString(CString name, CString const*val) noexcept;
 
-		Error field(const char *key, const UUID *uuid) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString key, UUID const *uuid) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char*, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString, T const *val, size_t len) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char*, const T *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(CString, T const *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo(
 				const char* = T::TypeName,
 				int = T::TypeVersion) noexcept {
 			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(
+		constexpr Error setTypeInfo(
 				const char*,
 				int,
-				const Vector<String>&,
+				Vector<String> const&,
-				std::size_t) noexcept {
+				size_t) noexcept {
 			return {};
 		}
 
@@ -190,16 +194,16 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		Json::Value &value(const char *key) noexcept;
+		Json::Value &value(CString key) noexcept;
 
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::field(CString key, T const *val, size_t const len) noexcept {
 	if (targetValid() && len) {
 		OrganicClawWriter w((Json::Value(Json::arrayValue)));
-		ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{&w};
+		ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{w};
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(handler.field({}, &val[i]));
 OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
@@ -207,70 +211,74 @@ OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 		value(key) = w.m_json;
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, const T *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::field(CString key, T const *val) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(is_integer_v<T>) {
 		if (targetValid() && (*val || m_json.isArray())) {
 			// the int type needs to be normalized because jsoncpp doesn't
 			// factor in every permutation unsigned long, etc.
-			if constexpr(ox::is_signed_v<T>) {
+			if constexpr(is_signed_v<T>) {
-				value(key) = static_cast<ox::Int<8 * sizeof(*val)>>(*val);
+				value(key) = static_cast<Int<8 * sizeof(*val)>>(*val);
 			} else {
-				value(key) = static_cast<ox::Uint<8 * sizeof(*val)>>(*val);
+				value(key) = static_cast<Uint<8 * sizeof(*val)>>(*val);
 			}
 		}
 	} else if constexpr(isVector_v<T> || isArray_v<T>) {
 		return field(key, val->data(), val->size());
 	} else if (val && targetValid()) {
 		OrganicClawWriter w;
-		ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{&w};
+		ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{w};
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, val));
 		if (!w.m_json.empty() || m_json.isArray()) {
 			value(key) = w.m_json;
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename U, bool force>
-Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::field(CString key, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept {
 	if (targetValid()) {
 		OrganicClawWriter w(val.idx());
-		ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{&w};
+		ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler{w};
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, val.get()));
 		if (!w.m_json.isNull()) {
 			value(key) = w.m_json;
 		}
 	}
 	++m_fieldIt;
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
-Result<ox::Buffer> writeOC(const auto &val) noexcept {
+Result<Buffer> writeOC(auto const &val) noexcept {
 	OrganicClawWriter writer;
-	ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler(&writer);
+	ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler(writer);
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, &val));
 	Json::StreamWriterBuilder const jsonBuilder;
-	const auto str = Json::writeString(jsonBuilder, writer.m_json);
+	auto const str = Json::writeString(jsonBuilder, writer.m_json);
 	Result<Buffer> buff;
 	buff.value.resize(str.size() + 1);
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 	memcpy(buff.value.data(), str.data(), str.size() + 1);
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 	return buff;
 }
 
-Result<ox::String> writeOCString(const auto &val) noexcept {
+Result<String> writeOCString(auto const &val) noexcept {
 	OrganicClawWriter writer;
-	ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler(&writer);
+	ModelHandlerInterface<OrganicClawWriter, OpType::Write> handler(writer);
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(model(&handler, &val));
 	Json::StreamWriterBuilder const jsonBuilder;
-	const auto str = Json::writeString(jsonBuilder, writer.m_json);
+	auto const str = Json::writeString(jsonBuilder, writer.m_json);
-	Result<ox::String> buff;
+	Result<String> buff;
 	buff.value.resize(str.size());
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 	memcpy(buff.value.data(), str.data(), str.size() + 1);
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 	return buff;
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ add_library(
 		concepts.cpp
 		fmt.cpp
 		heapmgr.cpp
+		istreamreader.cpp
 		math.cpp
 		memops.cpp
 		random.cpp

deps/ox/src/ox/std/anyptr.hpp

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 	private:
 		struct WrapBase {
 			virtual constexpr ~WrapBase() = default;
-			virtual constexpr WrapBase *copyTo(ox::Span<char> s) noexcept = 0;
+			virtual constexpr WrapBase *copyTo(Span<char> s) const noexcept = 0;
 			virtual constexpr operator bool() const noexcept = 0;
 			virtual void free() noexcept = 0;
 		};
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 			T *data{};
 			explicit constexpr Wrap(T *pData) noexcept: data(pData) {
 			}
-			constexpr WrapBase *copyTo(ox::Span<char> s) noexcept override {
+			constexpr WrapBase *copyTo(Span<char> s) const noexcept override {
 				oxAssert(s.size() >= sizeof(Wrap), "too small buffer");
 				if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 					return new Wrap(data);
@@ -49,8 +49,10 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 			}
 		};
 
+		union {
 			WrapBase *m_wrapPtr{};
-		ox::Array<char, sizeof(Wrap<void*>)> m_wrapData;
+			AllocAlias<Wrap<void*>> m_wrapData;
+		} m_data;
 
 	public:
 		constexpr AnyPtrT() noexcept = default;
@@ -58,25 +60,25 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr AnyPtrT(T *ptr) noexcept {
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-				m_wrapPtr = new Wrap<T>(ptr);
+				setWrapPtr(new Wrap<T>(ptr));
 			} else {
-				m_wrapPtr = new(m_wrapData.data()) Wrap<T>(ptr);
+				new(m_data.m_wrapData.data()) Wrap<T>(ptr);
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr AnyPtrT(AnyPtrT const&other) noexcept requires(!unique) {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT(AnyPtrT const &other) noexcept requires(!unique) {
 			if (other) {
-				m_wrapPtr = other.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
+				setWrapPtr(other.getWrapPtr()->copyTo(m_data.m_wrapData.buff));
 			}
 		}
 
 		constexpr AnyPtrT(AnyPtrT &&other) noexcept {
 			if (other) {
-				m_wrapPtr = other.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
+				setWrapPtr(other.getWrapPtr()->copyTo(m_data.m_wrapData.buff));
 				if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-					ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+					ox::safeDelete(m_data.m_wrapPtr);
 				}
-				other.m_wrapPtr = {};
+				m_data.m_wrapData = {};
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 				free();
 			}
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-				ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+				ox::safeDelete(m_data.m_wrapPtr);
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -94,25 +96,31 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 			if constexpr(unique) {
 				free();
 			} else if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-				ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+				ox::safeDelete(m_data.m_wrapPtr);
 			}
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-				m_wrapPtr = new Wrap(ptr);
+				setWrapPtr(new Wrap(ptr));
 			} else {
-				m_wrapPtr = new(m_wrapData.data()) Wrap(ptr);
+				new(m_data.m_wrapData.data()) Wrap(ptr);
 			}
 			return *this;
 		}
 
-		constexpr AnyPtrT &operator=(AnyPtrT const&ptr) noexcept requires(!unique) {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT &operator=(AnyPtrT const &ptr) noexcept requires(!unique) {
 			if (this != &ptr) {
 				if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-					ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+					ox::safeDelete(m_data.m_wrapPtr);
 				}
+				if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 					if (ptr) {
-					m_wrapPtr = ptr.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
+						ptr.getWrapPtr()->copyTo(m_data.m_wrapData.buff);
+					}
 				} else {
-					m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+					if (ptr) {
+						setWrapPtr(ptr.getWrapPtr()->copyTo(m_data.m_wrapData.buff));
+					} else {
+						setWrapPtr(nullptr);
+					}
 				}
 			}
 			return *this;
@@ -123,43 +131,65 @@ class AnyPtrT {
 				if constexpr(unique) {
 					free();
 				} else if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-					ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+					ox::safeDelete(m_data.m_wrapPtr);
 				}
 				if (ptr) {
-					m_wrapPtr = ptr.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
+					setWrapPtr(ptr.getWrapPtr()->copyTo(m_data.m_wrapData.buff));
 					if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-						ox::safeDelete(ptr.m_wrapPtr);
+						ox::safeDelete(ptr.m_data.m_wrapPtr);
-						ptr.m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+						setWrapPtr(nullptr);
 					}
 				} else {
-					m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+					m_data = {};
 				}
 			}
 			return *this;
 		}
 
 		constexpr operator bool() const noexcept {
-			return m_wrapPtr && *m_wrapPtr;
+			return getWrapPtr() && *getWrapPtr();
 		}
 
 		constexpr void free() noexcept {
-			if (m_wrapPtr) {
+			if (auto p = getWrapPtr()) {
-				m_wrapPtr->free();
+				p->free();
 			}
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-				ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+				ox::safeDelete(m_data.m_wrapPtr);
 			}
-			m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+			m_data.m_wrapData = {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr T *get() const noexcept {
-#ifdef OX_BARE_METAL
+			if constexpr(defines::HasRTTI) {
-			return static_cast<Wrap<T>*>(m_wrapPtr)->data;
+				return dynamic_cast<Wrap<T> const*>(getWrapPtr())->data;
-#else
+			}
-			return dynamic_cast<Wrap<T>*>(m_wrapPtr)->data;
+			return static_cast<Wrap<T> const*>(getWrapPtr())->data;
-#endif
+		}
+
+	private:
+		constexpr void setWrapPtr(WrapBase *ptr) noexcept {
+			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+				m_data.m_wrapPtr = ptr;
+			}
+		}
+
+		constexpr WrapBase *getWrapPtr() noexcept {
+			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+				return m_data.m_wrapPtr;
+			} else {
+				return std::launder(reinterpret_cast<WrapBase*>(m_data.m_wrapData.data()));
+			}
+		}
+
+		constexpr WrapBase const *getWrapPtr() const noexcept {
+			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+				return m_data.m_wrapPtr;
+			} else {
+				return std::launder(reinterpret_cast<WrapBase const*>(m_data.m_wrapData.data()));
+			}
 		}
 
 };

deps/ox/src/ox/std/array.hpp

@@ -181,13 +181,13 @@ constexpr Array<T, ArraySize> &Array<T, ArraySize>::operator=(Array &&other) noe
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t ArraySize>
 constexpr T &Array<T, ArraySize>::operator[](std::size_t i) noexcept {
-	boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Array access overflow");
+	boundsCheck(i, size(), "Array access overflow");
 	return m_items[i];
 }
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t ArraySize>
 constexpr const T &Array<T, ArraySize>::operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
-	boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Array access overflow");
+	boundsCheck(i, size(), "Array access overflow");
 	return m_items[i];
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/assert.cpp

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 
 namespace ox {
 
-void panic(StringViewCR file, int const line, StringViewCR panicMsg, Error const&err) noexcept {
+void panic(Error const &err, StringViewCR panicMsg, std::source_location const &src) noexcept {
-	oxErrf("\033[31;1;1mPANIC:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, panicMsg);
+	oxErrf("\033[31;1;1mPANIC:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", src.file_name(), src.line(), panicMsg);
 	if (err.msg) {
 		oxErrf("\tError Message:\t{}\n", err.msg);
 	}
@@ -26,41 +26,61 @@ void panic(StringViewCR file, int const line, StringViewCR panicMsg, Error const
 	}
 #ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
 	printStackTrace(2);
-	oxTrace("panic").del("") << "Panic: " << panicMsg << " (" << file << ":" << line << ")";
+	oxTrace("panic").del("") << "Panic: " << panicMsg << " (" << src.file_name() << ":" << src.line() << ")";
 	std::abort();
 #else
 	while (1);
 #endif
 }
 
-void panic(const char *file, int const line, char const*panicMsg, Error const&err) noexcept {
+#if __GNUC__ && !_WIN32
-	panic(StringView{file}, line, StringView{panicMsg}, err);
+__attribute__((weak))
+#endif
+void panic(Error const &err, char const*panicMsg, std::source_location const &src) noexcept {
+	panic(err, StringView{panicMsg}, src);
 }
 
 void assertFailFuncRuntime(
-	StringViewCR file,
-	int const line,
 	StringViewCR assertTxt,
-	StringViewCR msg) noexcept {
+	StringViewCR msg,
+	std::source_location const &src) noexcept {
 #ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
 	auto const st = genStackTrace(2);
-	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]:\n{}", msg, assertTxt, file, line, st);
+	oxTracef(
+		"assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]:\n{}",
+		msg,
+		assertTxt,
+		src.file_name(),
+		src.line(),
+		st);
 	abort();
 #else
-	oxErrf("\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, msg);
+	oxErrf(
-	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]", msg, assertTxt, file, line);
+		"\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n",
-	constexprPanic(file, line, msg);
+		src.file_name(),
+		src.line(),
+		msg);
+	oxTracef(
+		"assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]",
+		msg,
+		assertTxt,
+		src.file_name(),
+		src.line());
+	constexprPanic(msg, {}, src);
 #endif
 }
 
 void assertFailFuncRuntime(
-	StringViewCR file,
+	[[maybe_unused]] Error const &err,
-	int const line,
-	[[maybe_unused]] Error const&err,
 	StringViewCR,
-	StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept {
+	StringViewCR assertMsg,
+	std::source_location const &src) noexcept {
 #if defined(OX_USE_STDLIB)
-	auto msg = sfmt("\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, assertMsg);
+	auto msg = sfmt(
+		"\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n",
+		src.file_name(),
+		src.line(),
+		assertMsg);
 	if (err.msg) {
 		msg += sfmt("\tError Message:\t{}\n", err.msg);
 	}
@@ -70,10 +90,10 @@ void assertFailFuncRuntime(
 	}
 	msg += genStackTrace(2);
 	oxErr(msg);
-	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} [{}:{}]", assertMsg, file, line);
+	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} [{}:{}]", assertMsg, src.file_name(), src.line());
 	abort();
 #else
-	constexprPanic(file, line, assertMsg);
+	constexprPanic(assertMsg, {}, src);
 #endif
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/assert.hpp

@@ -8,10 +8,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#if defined(OX_USE_STDLIB)
-#include <iostream>
-#endif
-
 #include "def.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
 #include "error.hpp"
@@ -23,42 +19,49 @@
 namespace ox {
 
 [[noreturn]]
-void panic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg, Error const&err = {}) noexcept;
+void panic(
+	Error const&err,
+	StringViewCR panicMsg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept;
+
+[[noreturn]]
+inline void panic(
+	StringViewCR panicMsg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
+	panic(Error{1}, panicMsg, src);
+}
 
 [[noreturn]]
 constexpr void constexprPanic(
-	StringViewCR file,
-	int const line,
 	StringViewCR panicMsg,
-	Error const&err = {}) noexcept {
+	Error const &err = {},
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
 	if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-		panic(file, line, panicMsg, err);
+		panic(err, panicMsg, src);
 	} else {
 		while (true);
 	}
 }
 
 void assertFailFuncRuntime(
-	StringViewCR file,
-	int line,
 	StringViewCR assertTxt,
-	StringViewCR msg) noexcept;
+	StringViewCR msg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept;
+
 void assertFailFuncRuntime(
-	StringViewCR file,
+	Error const &err,
-	int line,
-	Error const&err,
 	StringViewCR,
-	StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept;
+	StringViewCR assertMsg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept;
 
 constexpr void assertFunc(
-	StringViewCR file,
-	int const line,
 	bool const pass,
 	[[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR assertTxt,
-	[[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR msg) noexcept {
+	[[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR msg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
 	if (!pass) {
 		if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-			assertFailFuncRuntime(file, line, assertTxt, msg);
+			assertFailFuncRuntime(assertTxt, msg, src);
 		} else {
 			while (true);
 		}
@@ -66,14 +69,13 @@ constexpr void assertFunc(
 }
 
 constexpr void assertFunc(
-	StringViewCR file,
+	Error const &err,
-	int const line,
-	Error const&err,
 	StringViewCR,
-	StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept {
+	StringViewCR assertMsg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
 	if (err) {
 		if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-			assertFailFuncRuntime(file, line, err, {}, assertMsg);
+			assertFailFuncRuntime(err, {}, assertMsg, src);
 		} else {
 			while (true);
 		}
@@ -81,20 +83,31 @@ constexpr void assertFunc(
 }
 
 constexpr void expect(
-	StringViewCR file,
+	auto const &actual,
-	int const line,
+	auto const &expected,
-	auto const&actual,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
-	auto const&expected) noexcept {
 	if (actual != expected) {
 		 if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 #if defined(OX_USE_STDLIB)
-			oxErrf("\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, "Value incorrect");
+			oxErrf(
-			oxErrf("expected: {}\nactual:   {}\n", detail::toStringView<true>(expected), detail::toStringView<true>(actual));
+				"\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n",
+				src.file_name(),
+				src.line(),
+				"Value incorrect");
+			oxErrf(
+				"expected: {}\nactual:   {}\n",
+				detail::toStringView<true>(expected),
+				detail::toStringView<true>(actual));
 			printStackTrace(2);
-			oxTracef("assert.expect", "Failed assert: {} == {} [{}:{}]", detail::toStringView<true>(actual), detail::toStringView<true>(expected), file, line);
+			oxTracef(
+				"assert.expect", "Failed assert: {} == {} [{}:{}]",
+				detail::toStringView<true>(actual),
+				detail::toStringView<true>(expected),
+				src.file_name(),
+				src.line());
 			std::abort();
 #else
-			constexprPanic(file, line, "Comparison failed");
+			constexprPanic("Comparison failed", {}, src);
 #endif
 		} else {
 			while (true);

deps/ox/src/ox/std/basestringview.hpp

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ class BaseStringView {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr auto len() const noexcept {
+		constexpr auto size() const noexcept {
 			return m_len;
 		}
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/byteswap.hpp

@@ -17,19 +17,19 @@ namespace ox {
 
 template<typename T>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr T byteSwap(typename enable_if<sizeof(T) == 1, T>::type i) noexcept {
+constexpr T byteSwap(T const i) noexcept requires(sizeof(T) == 1) {
 	return i;
 }
 
 template<typename T>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr T byteSwap(typename enable_if<sizeof(T) == 2, T>::type i) noexcept {
+constexpr T byteSwap(T const i) noexcept requires(sizeof(T) == 2) {
 	return static_cast<T>(i << 8) | static_cast<T>(i >> 8);
 }
 
 template<typename T>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr T byteSwap(typename enable_if<sizeof(T) == 4, T>::type i) noexcept {
+constexpr T byteSwap(T const i) noexcept requires(sizeof(T) == 4) {
 	return ((i >> 24) & 0x000000ff) |
 	       ((i >>  8) & 0x0000ff00) |
 	       ((i <<  8) & 0x00ff0000) |
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ constexpr T byteSwap(typename enable_if<sizeof(T) == 4, T>::type i) noexcept {
 
 template<typename T>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr T byteSwap(typename enable_if<sizeof(T) == 8, T>::type i) noexcept {
+constexpr T byteSwap(T const i) noexcept requires(sizeof(T) == 8) {
 	return ((i >> 56) & 0x00000000000000ff) |
 	       ((i >> 40) & 0x000000000000ff00) |
 	       ((i >> 24) & 0x0000000000ff0000) |

deps/ox/src/ox/std/concepts.hpp

@@ -32,4 +32,8 @@ concept Integral_c = ox::is_integral_v<T>;
 
 template<typename T, size_t max>
 concept IntegerRange_c = ox::is_integer_v<T> && ox::MaxValue<T> >= max;
+
+template<typename Union>
+concept Union_c = is_union_v<Union>;
+
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/cstringview.hpp

@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ class CStringView: public detail::BaseStringView {
 
 		constexpr CStringView(CStringView const&sv) noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr CStringView(StringLiteral const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+		constexpr CStringView(StringLiteral const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.size()) {}
 
 		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
-		constexpr CStringView(BasicString<SmallStrSz> const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+		constexpr CStringView(BasicString<SmallStrSz> const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.size()) {}
 
 		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
-		constexpr CStringView(IString<SmallStrSz> const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+		constexpr CStringView(IString<SmallStrSz> const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.size()) {}
 
 		constexpr CStringView(std::nullptr_t) noexcept {}
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class CStringView: public detail::BaseStringView {
 
 		constexpr auto &operator=(CStringView const&other) noexcept {
 			if (&other != this) {
-				set(other.data(), other.len());
+				set(other.data(), other.size());
 			}
 			return *this;
 		}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/cstrops.hpp

@@ -30,9 +30,12 @@ constexpr T1 strncpy(T1 dest, T2 src, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto strnlen(const char *str1, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
+constexpr size_t strnlen_s(const char *str, size_t const maxLen) noexcept {
-	std::size_t len = 0;
+	if (!str) [[unlikely]] {
-	for (; len < maxLen && str1[len]; len++);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	size_t len = 0;
+	for (; len < maxLen && str[len]; len++);
 	return len;
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/def.hpp

@@ -48,9 +48,8 @@
 
 // Asserts
 
-#define oxPanic(errCode, msg) ox::panic(__FILE__, __LINE__, msg, errCode)
 #ifndef NDEBUG
-#define oxAssert(pass, msg) ox::assertFunc(__FILE__, __LINE__, pass, #pass, msg)
+#define oxAssert(pass, msg) ox::assertFunc(pass, #pass, msg)
 #else
 namespace ox {
 struct [[nodiscard]] Error;
@@ -59,8 +58,6 @@ constexpr void oxAssert(bool, const char*) noexcept {}
 constexpr void oxAssert(const ox::Error&, const char*) noexcept {}
 #endif
 
-#define oxExpect(actual, expected) ox::expect(__FILE__, __LINE__, actual, expected)
-
 // Alloca
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)

deps/ox/src/ox/std/defines.hpp

@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ constexpr auto NDebug = true;
 constexpr auto NDebug = false;
 #endif
 
+#if defined(OX_BARE_METAL)
+constexpr auto HasRTTI = false;
+#else
+constexpr auto HasRTTI = true;
+#endif
+
 #if defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
 constexpr auto BigEndian = true;
 constexpr auto LittleEndian = false;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/error.hpp

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class exception {
 		virtual ~exception() = default;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		virtual char const*what() const noexcept {
+		virtual char const *what() const noexcept {
 			return "";
 		}
 };
@@ -37,22 +37,22 @@ using ErrorCode = uint16_t;
 
 struct [[nodiscard]] Error {
 	std::source_location src;
-	ox::CString msg = nullptr;
+	CString msg = nullptr;
 	ErrorCode errCode = 0;
 
 	constexpr Error() noexcept = default;
 
 	explicit constexpr Error(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
-		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
+		std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
 		src{src},
 		errCode{errCode}
 	{}
 
 	explicit constexpr Error(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
-		ox::CString msg,
+		CString const msg,
-		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
+		std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
 		src{src},
 		msg{msg},
 		errCode{errCode}
@@ -62,39 +62,51 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Error {
 		return errCode;
 	}
 
+	constexpr Error reoriginate(
+		ErrorCode const pErrCode,
+		CString const pMsg = nullptr,
+		std::source_location const &pSrc = std::source_location::current()) const noexcept {
+		return Error{pErrCode, pMsg, pSrc};
+	}
+
+	constexpr Error reoriginate(
+		std::source_location const &pSrc = std::source_location::current()) const noexcept {
+		return Error{errCode, msg, pSrc};
+	}
+
 };
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto errCode(Error const&err) noexcept {
+constexpr auto errCode(Error const &err) noexcept {
 	return err.errCode;
 }
 
 template<typename T = char const*>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto toStr(Error const&err) noexcept {
+constexpr auto toStr(Error const &err) noexcept {
 	return err.msg ? T{err.msg} : "";
 }
 
 struct Exception: public std::exception {
 	std::source_location src;
-	ox::CString msg = nullptr;
+	CString msg = nullptr;
 	ErrorCode errCode = 0;
 
 	explicit Exception(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
-		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
+		std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
 		src{src},
 		errCode{errCode} {}
 
 	explicit Exception(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
-		ox::CString msg,
+		CString msg,
-		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
+		std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
 		src{src},
 		msg{msg},
 		errCode{errCode} {}
 
-	explicit Exception(Error const&err) noexcept:
+	explicit Exception(Error const &err) noexcept:
 		src{err.src},
 		msg{err.msg ? err.msg : ""},
 		errCode{err.errCode} {}
@@ -104,18 +116,21 @@ struct Exception: public std::exception {
 	}
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	char const*what() const noexcept override {
+	char const *what() const noexcept override {
 		return msg;
 	}
 };
 
 [[noreturn]]
-void panic(char const*file, int line, char const*panicMsg, Error const&err) noexcept;
+void panic(
+	Error const &err,
+	CString panicMsg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept;
 
 template<typename T>
 struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 
-	using type = typename remove_reference<T>::type;
+	using type = remove_reference_t<T>;
 
 	T value;
 	Error error;
@@ -124,25 +139,25 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	}
 
 	template<typename U>
-	constexpr Result(Result<U> const&other) noexcept: value(other.value), error(other.error) {
+	constexpr Result(Result<U> const &other) noexcept: value(other.value), error(other.error) {
 	}
 
 	template<typename U>
 	constexpr Result(Result<U> &&other) noexcept: value(std::move(other.value)), error(std::move(other.error)) {
 	}
 
-	constexpr Result(Error const&error) noexcept: value(), error(error) {
+	constexpr Result(Error const &error) noexcept: value(), error(error) {
 	}
 
-	constexpr Result(type const&value, Error const&error = {}) noexcept: value(value), error(error) {
+	constexpr Result(type const &value, Error const &error = {}) noexcept: value(value), error(error) {
 	}
 
-	constexpr Result(type &&value, Error const&error = {}) noexcept: value(std::move(value)), error(error) {
+	constexpr Result(type &&value, Error const &error = {}) noexcept: value(std::move(value)), error(error) {
 	}
 
 	constexpr ~Result() noexcept = default;
 
-	explicit constexpr operator type const&() const noexcept {
+	explicit constexpr operator type const &() const noexcept {
 		return value;
 	}
 
@@ -156,7 +171,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	}
 
 	template<typename U>
-	constexpr Error copyTo(U &val) const& noexcept {
+	constexpr Error copyTo(U &val) const & noexcept {
 		if (!error) [[likely]] {
 			val = value;
 		}
@@ -182,7 +197,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	constexpr T &unwrap() & noexcept {
 		if (error) {
-			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
+			ox::panic(error, "Failed unwrap");
 		}
 		return value;
 	}
@@ -190,15 +205,15 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	constexpr T &&unwrap() && noexcept {
 		if (error) {
-			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
+			ox::panic(error, "Failed unwrap");
 		}
 		return std::move(value);
 	}
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	constexpr T const&unwrap() const & noexcept {
+	constexpr T const &unwrap() const & noexcept {
 		if (error) [[unlikely]] {
-			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
+			ox::panic(error, "Failed unwrap");
 		}
 		return value;
 	}
@@ -206,7 +221,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	constexpr T &unwrapThrow() & {
 		if (error) {
-			throw ox::Exception(error);
+			throw Exception(error);
 		}
 		return value;
 	}
@@ -214,13 +229,13 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	constexpr T &&unwrapThrow() && {
 		if (error) {
-			throw ox::Exception(error);
+			throw Exception(error);
 		}
 		return std::move(value);
 	}
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	constexpr T const&unwrapThrow() const & {
+	constexpr T const &unwrapThrow() const & {
 		if (error) {
 			throw ox::Exception(error);
 		}
@@ -244,7 +259,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	}
 
 	template<typename U = T>
-	constexpr ox::Result<U> to(auto const&f) & noexcept {
+	constexpr ox::Result<U> to(auto const &f) & noexcept {
 		if (error) [[unlikely]] {
 			return error;
 		}
@@ -252,7 +267,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	}
 
 	template<typename U = T>
-	constexpr ox::Result<U> to(auto const&f) && noexcept {
+	constexpr ox::Result<U> to(auto const &f) && noexcept {
 		if (error) [[unlikely]] {
 			return error;
 		}
@@ -264,7 +279,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	 * @param alt
 	 * @return value of Result or alt
 	 */
-	constexpr T or_value(T &&alt) const& noexcept {
+	constexpr T or_value(T &&alt) const & noexcept {
 		if (error) {
 			return std::move(alt);
 		}
@@ -288,7 +303,7 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	 * @param alt
 	 * @return value of Result or alt
 	 */
-	constexpr T or_value(T const&alt) const& noexcept {
+	constexpr T or_value(T const &alt) const & noexcept {
 		if (error) {
 			return alt;
 		}
@@ -300,45 +315,54 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	 * @param alt
 	 * @return value of Result or alt
 	 */
-	constexpr T or_value(T const&alt) && noexcept {
+	constexpr T or_value(T const &alt) && noexcept {
 		if (error) {
 			return alt;
 		}
 		return std::move(value);
 	}
 
+	constexpr Result transformError(ErrorCode const ec, CString const msg) && {
+		if (error) {
+			error = Error{ec, msg};
+		}
+		return *this;
+	}
+
 };
 
 namespace detail {
 
-constexpr Error toError(Error const&e) noexcept {
+constexpr Error toError(Error const &e) noexcept {
 	return e;
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error toError(Result<T> const&r) noexcept {
+constexpr Error toError(Result<T> const &r) noexcept {
 	return r.error;
 }
 
 }
 
-constexpr void primitiveAssert(char const*file, int line, bool pass, char const*msg) noexcept {
+constexpr void primitiveAssert(
+	bool const pass,
+	char const *msg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(ox::defines::Debug) {
 		if (!pass) [[unlikely]] {
-			panic(file, line, msg, ox::Error(1));
+			panic(ox::Error{1}, msg, src);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 constexpr void boundsCheck(
-	char const*file,
-	int const line,
 	size_t const i,
 	size_t const sz,
-	char const*msg) noexcept {
+	char const *msg,
+	std::source_location const &src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(defines::CheckBounds) {
 		if (i >= sz) [[unlikely]] {
-			panic(file, line, msg, ox::Error{1});
+			panic(ox::Error{1}, msg, src);
 		}
 	}
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/hashmap.hpp

@@ -106,9 +106,12 @@ constexpr bool HashMap<K, T>::operator==(HashMap const &other) const {
 	if (m_keys != other.m_keys) {
 		return false;
 	}
-	for (int i = 0; i < m_keys.size(); ++i) {
+	for (auto &k : m_keys) {
-		auto &k = m_keys[i];
+		auto const a = at(k).value;
-		if (at(k) != other.at(k)) {
+		auto const b = other.at(k).value;
+		if (
+			a != b && // handle one being null and other not
+			(a && b && *a != *b)) {
 			return false;
 		}
 	}
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t HashMap<K, T>::size() const noexcept {
 }
 
 template<typename K, typename T>
-constexpr Vector<K> const&HashMap<K, T>::keys() const noexcept {
+constexpr Vector<K> const &HashMap<K, T>::keys() const noexcept {
 	return m_keys;
 }
 
@@ -205,8 +208,8 @@ constexpr Vector<T> HashMap<K, T>::values() const noexcept {
 	Vector<T> out;
 	out.reserve(m_keys.size());
 	for (auto const &p : m_pairs) {
-		if (out) {
+		if (p) {
-			out.emplace_back(p->value);
+			out.emplace_back(*p->value);
 		}
 	}
 	return out;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/heapmgr.cpp

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ static HeapSegment *findSegmentFor(std::size_t sz) noexcept {
 			return s;
 		}
 	}
-	oxPanic(ox::Error(1), "malloc: could not find segment");
+	ox::panic("malloc: could not find segment");
 	return nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ void free(void *ptr) noexcept {
 	} else if (p.segment) {
 		p.segment->inUse = false;
 	} else {
-		oxPanic(ox::Error(1), "Bad heap free");
+		ox::panic("Bad heap free");
 	}
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/ignore.hpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 namespace std {
 
-inline constexpr struct {
+inline constexpr struct ignore_t {
 	constexpr void operator=(auto&&) const noexcept {}
 } ignore;
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/istreamreader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2025 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ */
+
+
+#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
+#include <istream>
+
+#include "array.hpp"
+#include "reader.hpp"
+#include "istreamreader.hpp"
+
+namespace ox {
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr std::ios_base::seekdir sdMap(ox::ios_base::seekdir in) noexcept {
+	switch (in) {
+		case ox::ios_base::beg:
+			return std::ios_base::beg;
+		case ox::ios_base::end:
+			return std::ios_base::end;
+		case ox::ios_base::cur:
+			return std::ios_base::cur;
+	}
+	return std::ios_base::beg;
+}
+
+Result<char> StreamReader::peek() const noexcept {
+	try {
+		if (m_strm.eof()) {
+			return Error{1, "EOF"};
+		}
+		char c{};
+		m_strm.get(c);
+		if (m_strm.unget()) [[unlikely]] {
+			return ox::Error{1, "Unable to unget character"};
+		}
+		return static_cast<char>(c);
+	} catch (std::exception const&) {
+		return ox::Error(1, "peek failed");
+	}
+}
+
+Result<size_t> StreamReader::read(char *v, size_t cnt) noexcept {
+	return static_cast<size_t>(m_strm.read(v, static_cast<std::streamsize>(cnt)).gcount());
+}
+
+Error StreamReader::seekg(size_t p) noexcept {
+	try {
+		m_strm.seekg(static_cast<long long int>(p), std::ios_base::cur);
+	} catch (std::exception const&) {
+		return ox::Error(1, "seekg failed");
+	}
+	return {};
+}
+
+Error StreamReader::seekg(int64_t p, ios_base::seekdir sd) noexcept {
+	try {
+		m_strm.seekg(p, sdMap(sd));
+	} catch (std::exception const&) {
+		return ox::Error(1, "seekg failed");
+	}
+	return {};
+}
+
+Result<size_t> StreamReader::tellg() noexcept {
+	const auto sz = m_strm.tellg();
+	return {static_cast<size_t>(sz), ox::Error(sz == -1)};
+}
+
+}
+
+#endif

deps/ox/src/ox/std/istreamreader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2025 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
+#include <istream>
+#endif
+
+#include "reader.hpp"
+
+namespace ox {
+
+#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
+class StreamReader: public Reader_v {
+	private:
+		std::istream &m_strm;
+	public:
+		constexpr explicit StreamReader(std::istream &stream) noexcept: m_strm(stream) {}
+		Result<char> peek() const noexcept override;
+		Result<size_t> read(char *v, size_t cnt) noexcept override;
+		Error seekg(size_t p) noexcept override;
+		Error seekg(int64_t p, ios_base::seekdir sd) noexcept override;
+		Result<size_t> tellg() noexcept override;
+};
+#endif
+
+}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/istring.hpp

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class IString {
 		 * Returns the number of characters in this string.
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr std::size_t len() const noexcept;
+		constexpr std::size_t size() const noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Returns the number of bytes used for this string.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ constexpr IString<size> &IString<size>::operator=(Integer_c auto i) noexcept {
 
 template<std::size_t size>
 constexpr IString<size> &IString<size>::operator=(ox::StringViewCR str) noexcept {
-	std::size_t strLen = str.len();
+	std::size_t strLen = str.size();
 	if (cap() < strLen) {
 		strLen = cap();
 	}
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ constexpr char &IString<StrCap>::operator[](std::size_t i) noexcept {
 template<std::size_t StrCap>
 constexpr Error IString<StrCap>::append(const char *str, std::size_t strLen) noexcept {
 	Error err{};
-	auto const currentLen = len();
+	auto const currentLen = size();
 	if (cap() < currentLen + strLen) {
 		strLen = cap() - currentLen;
 		err = ox::Error(1, "Insufficient space for full string");
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 
 template<std::size_t StrCap>
 constexpr Error IString<StrCap>::append(ox::StringView str) noexcept {
-	return append(str.data(), str.len());
+	return append(str.data(), str.size());
 }
 
 template<std::size_t StrCap>
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ constexpr const char *IString<StrCap>::c_str() const noexcept {
 
 
 template<std::size_t StrCap>
-constexpr std::size_t IString<StrCap>::len() const noexcept {
+constexpr std::size_t IString<StrCap>::size() const noexcept {
 	return m_size;
 }
 
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ struct MaybeView<ox::IString<sz>> {
 
 template<Integer_c Integer>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto itoa(Integer v) noexcept {
+constexpr auto intToStr(Integer v) noexcept {
 	constexpr auto Cap = [] {
 		auto out = 0;
 		switch (sizeof(Integer)) {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/iterator.hpp

@@ -133,17 +133,17 @@ struct SpanIterator {
 		}
 
 		constexpr PtrType operator->() const noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, m_offset, m_max, "SpanIterator access overflow");
+			boundsCheck(m_offset, m_max, "SpanIterator access overflow");
 			return &m_t[m_offset];
 		}
 
 		constexpr RefType operator*() const noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, m_offset, m_max, "SpanIterator access overflow");
+			boundsCheck(m_offset, m_max, "SpanIterator access overflow");
 			return m_t[m_offset];
 		}
 
 		constexpr RefType operator[](std::size_t s) const noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, s, m_max, "SpanIterator access overflow");
+			boundsCheck(s, m_max, "SpanIterator access overflow");
 			return m_t[s];
 		}
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/memory.hpp

@@ -213,8 +213,7 @@ class UniquePtr {
 			return m_t;
 		}
 
-		template<typename U, typename UDeleter>
+		constexpr void reset(UniquePtr &&other = UniquePtr()) {
-		constexpr void reset(UniquePtr<U, UDeleter> &&other = UniquePtr()) {
 			auto t = m_t;
 			m_t = other.release();
 			Deleter()(t);

deps/ox/src/ox/std/new.hpp

@@ -30,22 +30,60 @@ constexpr void *operator new(std::size_t, void *addr) noexcept {
 constexpr void *operator new[](std::size_t, void *addr) noexcept {
 	return addr;
 }
+
+namespace std {
+
+template<typename T>
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr T* launder(T* __p) noexcept {
+	return __builtin_launder(__p);
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename... Args, bool noex>
+void launder(T(*)(Args...) noexcept(noex)) = delete;
+template<typename T, typename... Args, bool noex>
+void launder(T(*)(Args......) noexcept(noex)) = delete;
+void launder(void*) = delete;
+void launder(void const*) = delete;
+void launder(volatile void*) = delete;
+void launder(volatile void const*) = delete;
+
+}
 #endif
 
 
 namespace ox {
 
+/**
+ * Aliases type T in size and alignment to allow allocating space for a T
+ * without running the constructor.
+ */
+template<typename T, std::size_t sz = sizeof(T)>
+struct alignas(alignof(T)) AllocAlias {
+	char buff[sz];
+	constexpr AllocAlias() noexcept = default;
+	[[nodiscard]]
+	auto data() noexcept {
+		return reinterpret_cast<T*>(this);
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]]
+	auto data() const noexcept {
+		return reinterpret_cast<T const*>(this);
+	}
+};
+
+
 template<typename T, typename U = T, typename ...Args>
 [[nodiscard]]
 constexpr U *make(Args &&...args) noexcept {
 #ifdef __cpp_exceptions
 	try {
 		return new T(ox::forward<Args>(args)...);
-	} catch (std::exception const&ex) {
+	} catch (std::exception const &ex) {
-		oxPanic(ox::Error(1, ex.what()), ex.what());
+		ox::panic(ox::Error(1, ex.what()), ex.what());
 		return nullptr;
 	} catch (...) {
-		oxPanic(ox::Error(2, "Allocation or constructor failed"),  "Allocation or constructor failed");
+		ox::panic(ox::Error(2, "Allocation or constructor failed"),  "Allocation or constructor failed");
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 #else

deps/ox/src/ox/std/reader.cpp

@@ -5,70 +5,3 @@
  * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
  * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
  */
-
-
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
-#include <istream>
-
-#include "array.hpp"
-#include "reader.hpp"
-
-namespace ox {
-
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr std::ios_base::seekdir sdMap(ox::ios_base::seekdir in) noexcept {
-	switch (in) {
-		case ox::ios_base::beg:
-			return std::ios_base::beg;
-		case ox::ios_base::end:
-			return std::ios_base::end;
-		case ox::ios_base::cur:
-			return std::ios_base::cur;
-	}
-	return std::ios_base::beg;
-}
-
-ox::Result<char> StreamReader::peek() const noexcept {
-	try {
-		char c{};
-		m_strm.get(c);
-		auto const ok = c != EOF;
-		if (ok && m_strm.unget()) [[unlikely]] {
-			return ox::Error(1, "Unable to unget character");
-		}
-		return {static_cast<char>(c), ox::Error(!ok, "File peek failed")};
-	} catch (std::exception const&) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "peek failed");
-	}
-}
-
-ox::Result<std::size_t> StreamReader::read(char *v, std::size_t cnt) noexcept {
-	return static_cast<size_t>(m_strm.read(v, static_cast<std::streamsize>(cnt)).gcount());
-}
-
-ox::Error StreamReader::seekg(std::size_t p) noexcept {
-	try {
-		m_strm.seekg(static_cast<long long int>(p), std::ios_base::cur);
-	} catch (std::exception const&) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "seekg failed");
-	}
-	return {};
-}
-
-ox::Error StreamReader::seekg(int64_t p, ios_base::seekdir sd) noexcept {
-	try {
-		m_strm.seekg(p, sdMap(sd));
-	} catch (std::exception const&) {
-		return ox::Error(1, "seekg failed");
-	}
-	return {};
-}
-
-ox::Result<std::size_t> StreamReader::tellg() noexcept {
-	const auto sz = m_strm.tellg();
-	return {static_cast<std::size_t>(sz), ox::Error(sz == -1)};
-}
-
-}
-
-#endif

deps/ox/src/ox/std/reader.hpp

@@ -8,10 +8,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
-#include <istream>
-#endif
-
 #include "concepts.hpp"
 #include "error.hpp"
 #include "types.hpp"
@@ -63,18 +59,4 @@ class ReaderT: public Reader_v {
 		}
 };
 
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
-class StreamReader: public Reader_v {
-	private:
-		std::istream &m_strm;
-	public:
-		constexpr explicit StreamReader(std::istream &stream) noexcept: m_strm(stream) {}
-		ox::Result<char> peek() const noexcept override;
-		ox::Result<std::size_t> read(char *v, std::size_t cnt) noexcept override;
-		ox::Error seekg(std::size_t p) noexcept override;
-		ox::Error seekg(int64_t p, ios_base::seekdir sd) noexcept override;
-		ox::Result<std::size_t> tellg() noexcept override;
-};
-#endif
-
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/serialize.hpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace ox {
 
 template<typename PlatSpec>
 struct VectorMemMap {
-	const std::size_t smallVecSize = 0; // not a map value
+	size_t const smallVecSize = 0; // not a map value
 	typename PlatSpec::size_t size = 0;
 	typename PlatSpec::size_t cap = 0;
 	typename PlatSpec::PtrType items = 0;
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ struct VectorMemMap {
 
 template<typename PlatSpec>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto sizeOf(const VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> *t) noexcept {
+constexpr auto sizeOf(VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> const *t) noexcept {
-	constexpr auto padding = [](std::size_t size, std::size_t al) {
+	constexpr auto padding = [](size_t const size, size_t const al) {
 		return size % al;
 	};
-	std::size_t size = 0;
+	size_t size = 0;
 	if (t->smallVecSize) {
 		size += t->smallVecSize;
 		size += padding(size, PlatSpec::alignOf(t->size));
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ constexpr auto sizeOf(const VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> *t) noexcept {
 	return size;
 }
 
-template<typename PlatSpec, std::size_t SmallVecSize = 0>
+template<typename PlatSpec, size_t SmallVecSize = 0>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto alignOf(const VectorMemMap<PlatSpec>&) noexcept {
+constexpr auto alignOf(VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> const&) noexcept {
-	const typename PlatSpec::size_t i = 0;
+	typename PlatSpec::size_t const i = 0;
 	return PlatSpec::alignOf(i);
 }
 
 template<typename PlatSpec, typename T>
-constexpr ox::Error pad(Writer_c auto &w, const T *v) noexcept {
+constexpr Error pad(Writer_c auto &w, T const *v) noexcept {
-	const auto a = PlatSpec::alignOf(*v);
+	auto const a = PlatSpec::alignOf(*v);
-	const auto excess = w.tellp() % a;
+	auto const excess = w.tellp() % a;
 	if (excess) {
 		return w.write(nullptr, a - excess);
 	} else {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ constexpr ox::Error pad(Writer_c auto &w, const T *v) noexcept {
 }
 
 template<typename PlatSpec>
-constexpr ox::Error serialize(Writer_c auto &w, const VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> &vm) noexcept {
+constexpr Error serialize(Writer_c auto &w, VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> const &vm) noexcept {
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(w.write(nullptr, vm.smallVecSize));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(serialize(w, PlatSpec::correctEndianness(vm.size)));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(serialize(w, PlatSpec::correctEndianness(vm.cap)));
@@ -70,21 +70,20 @@ constexpr ox::Error serialize(Writer_c auto &w, const VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> &vm
 	return {};
 }
 
-template<typename T>
+constexpr Error serialize(Writer_c auto &w, Integral_c auto val) noexcept {
-constexpr ox::Error serialize(Writer_c auto &w, T val) noexcept requires(is_integer_v<T>) {
+	Array<char, sizeof(val)> tmp;
-	ox::Array<char, sizeof(T)> tmp;
+	for (auto i = 0u; i < sizeof(val); ++i) {
-	for (auto i = 0u; i < sizeof(T); ++i) {
 		tmp[i] = static_cast<char>((val >> i * 8) & 255);
 	}
 	return w.write(tmp.data(), tmp.size());
-};
+}
 
 template<typename T>
-constexpr ox::Result<ox::Array<char, sizeof(T)>> serialize(const T &in) noexcept {
+constexpr Result<Array<char, sizeof(T)>> serialize(T const &in) noexcept {
-	ox::Array<char, sizeof(T)> out = {};
+	Array<char, sizeof(T)> out = {};
 	CharBuffWriter w(out);
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(serialize(w, in));
 	return out;
-};
+}
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/span.hpp

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#if __has_include(<array>)
+#include <array>
+#endif
+
 #include "array.hpp"
 #include "bit.hpp"
 #include "def.hpp"
@@ -35,6 +39,20 @@ class Span {
 
 		constexpr Span() noexcept = default;
 
+#if __has_include(<array>)
+		template<std::size_t sz>
+		constexpr Span(std::array<T, sz> &a) noexcept:
+			m_items(a.data()),
+			m_size(a.size()) {
+		}
+
+		template<std::size_t sz>
+		constexpr Span(std::array<ox::remove_const_t<T>, sz> const &a) noexcept:
+			m_items(a.data()),
+			m_size(a.size()) {
+		}
+#endif
+
 		template<std::size_t sz>
 		constexpr Span(ox::Array<T, sz> &a) noexcept:
 			m_items(a.data()),
@@ -42,7 +60,7 @@ class Span {
 		}
 
 		template<std::size_t sz>
-		constexpr Span(ox::Array<ox::remove_const_t<T>, sz> const&a) noexcept:
+		constexpr Span(ox::Array<ox::remove_const_t<T>, sz> const &a) noexcept:
 			m_items(a.data()),
 			m_size(a.size()) {
 		}
@@ -54,7 +72,7 @@ class Span {
 		}
 
 		template<std::size_t sz, typename Allocator>
-		constexpr Span(ox::Vector<ox::remove_const_t<T>, sz, Allocator> const&v) noexcept:
+		constexpr Span(ox::Vector<ox::remove_const_t<T>, sz, Allocator> const &v) noexcept:
 			m_items(v.data()),
 			m_size(v.size()) {
 		}
@@ -128,28 +146,41 @@ class Span {
 			return iterator<const T&, const T*, true>(m_items, MaxValue<size_type>, m_size);
 		}
 
-		constexpr T &operator[](std::size_t i) noexcept {
+		constexpr T &operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Span access overflow");
+			boundsCheck(i, size(), "Span access overflow");
-			return m_items[i];
-		}
-
-		constexpr T const&operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Span access overflow");
 			return m_items[i];
 		}
 
 		constexpr Span operator+(size_t i) const noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Span access overflow");
+			boundsCheck(i, size(), "Span access overflow");
 			return {m_items + i, m_size - i};
 		}
 
 		constexpr Span operator+=(size_t i) noexcept {
-			boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Span access overflow");
+			boundsCheck(i, size(), "Span access overflow");
 			m_items += i;
 			m_size -= i;
 			return *this;
 		}
 
+		constexpr Span operator++(int) noexcept {
+			++m_items;
+			--m_size;
+			if (!m_size) [[unlikely]] {
+				m_items = nullptr;
+			}
+			return *this;
+		}
+
+		constexpr Span operator++() noexcept {
+			++m_items;
+			--m_size;
+			if (!m_size) [[unlikely]] {
+				m_items = nullptr;
+			}
+			return *this;
+		}
+
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr auto data() const noexcept {
 			return m_items;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/strconv.hpp

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 namespace ox {
 
 template<Integer_c Integer>
-constexpr ox::Error writeItoa(Integer v, ox::Writer_c auto &writer) noexcept {
+constexpr ox::Error writeItoa(Integer const v, ox::Writer_c auto &writer) noexcept {
 	if (v) {
 		ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> mod = 1000000000000000000;
 		ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> val = v;
@@ -25,19 +25,25 @@ constexpr ox::Error writeItoa(Integer v, ox::Writer_c auto &writer) noexcept {
 		auto it = 0;
 		if (val < 0) {
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.put('-'));
-				++it;
+			val = ~val + 1;
 		}
-			while (mod) {
+		if constexpr(sizeof(v) == 8 && !ox::is_signed_v<Integer>) {
 			auto digit = val / mod;
 			val %= mod;
 			mod /= base;
-				if (it || digit) {
+			if (digit) {
-					ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> start = '0';
-					if (digit >= 10) {
-						start = 'a';
 				digit -= 10;
+				OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.put('1'));
+				OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.put(static_cast<char>('0' + digit)));
+				++it;
 			}
-					OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.put(static_cast<char>(start + digit)));
+		}
+		while (mod) {
+			auto const digit = val / mod;
+			val %= mod;
+			mod /= base;
+			if (it || digit) {
+				OX_RETURN_ERROR(writer.put(static_cast<char>('0' + digit)));
 				++it;
 			}
 		}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/string.hpp

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
 namespace ox {
 
 template<typename Integer>
-constexpr ox::IString<21> itoa(Integer v) noexcept;
+constexpr ox::IString<21> intToStr(Integer v) noexcept;
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 class BasicString {
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class BasicString {
 
 		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(Integer_c auto i) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(StringView src) noexcept;
+		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(StringViewCR src) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(BasicString const&src) noexcept;
 
@@ -176,17 +176,17 @@ class BasicString {
 		constexpr char &operator[](std::size_t i) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr Error append(const char *str, std::size_t strLen) noexcept {
-			auto currentLen = len();
+			auto currentLen = size();
 			m_buff.resize(m_buff.size() + strLen);
 			ox::listcpy(&m_buff[currentLen], str, strLen);
 			// make sure last element is a null terminator
 			m_buff[currentLen + strLen] = 0;
 			// this can't fail, but it returns an Error to match BString::append
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return {};
 		}
 
-		constexpr Error append(ox::StringView sv) noexcept {
+		constexpr Error append(StringViewCR sv) noexcept {
-			return append(sv.data(), sv.len());
+			return append(sv.data(), sv.size());
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
@@ -213,22 +213,22 @@ class BasicString {
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr const char *c_str() const noexcept {
-			return static_cast<const char*>(m_buff.data());
+			return m_buff.data();
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		inline explicit operator const char*() const {
+		constexpr explicit operator const char*() const {
 			return c_str();
 		}
 
 #if __has_include(<string>)
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		inline std::string toStdString() const {
+		std::string toStdString() const {
 			return c_str();
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		inline explicit operator std::string() const {
+		explicit operator std::string() const {
 			return c_str();
 		}
 #endif
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ class BasicString {
 		 * Returns the number of characters in this string.
 		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr std::size_t len() const noexcept;
+		constexpr std::size_t size() const noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Returns the number of bytes used for this string.
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString(const char *str, std::size
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString(StringLiteral const&str) noexcept:
-	BasicString(StringView{str.data(), str.len()}) {
+	BasicString(StringView{str.data(), str.size()}) {
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
@@ -317,13 +317,13 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operat
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator=(int64_t i) noexcept {
-	set(ox::itoa(i));
+	set(ox::intToStr(i));
 	return *this;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator=(uint64_t i) noexcept {
-	set(ox::itoa(i));
+	set(ox::intToStr(i));
 	return *this;
 }
 
@@ -371,12 +371,12 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operat
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+=(Integer_c auto i) noexcept {
-	auto const str = ox::itoa(i);
+	auto const str = ox::intToStr(i);
 	return this->operator+=(str.c_str());
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+=(StringView s) noexcept {
+constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+=(StringViewCR s) noexcept {
 	std::size_t strLen = s.bytes();
 	std::ignore = append(s.data(), strLen);
 	return *this;
@@ -384,14 +384,14 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operat
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+=(BasicString const&src) noexcept {
-	std::ignore = append(src.c_str(), src.len());
+	std::ignore = append(src.c_str(), src.size());
 	return *this;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+(const char *str) const noexcept {
 	const std::size_t strLen = ox::strlen(str);
-	const auto currentLen = len();
+	const auto currentLen = size();
 	BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> cpy;
 	cpy.m_buff.resize(m_buff.size() + strLen);
 	ox::listcpy(&cpy.m_buff[0], m_buff.data(), currentLen);
@@ -414,14 +414,14 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operato
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+(Integer_c auto i) const noexcept {
-	auto const str = ox::itoa(i);
+	auto const str = ox::intToStr(i);
 	return *this + str;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+(StringViewCR src) const noexcept {
-	const std::size_t strLen = src.len();
+	const std::size_t strLen = src.size();
-	const auto currentLen = len();
+	const auto currentLen = size();
 	BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> cpy(currentLen + strLen);
 	cpy.m_buff.resize(m_buff.size() + strLen);
 	ox::listcpy(&cpy.m_buff[0], m_buff.data(), currentLen);
@@ -432,8 +432,8 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operato
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+(BasicString const&src) const noexcept {
-	const std::size_t strLen = src.len();
+	const std::size_t strLen = src.size();
-	const auto currentLen = len();
+	const auto currentLen = size();
 	BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> cpy(currentLen + strLen);
 	cpy.m_buff.resize(m_buff.size() + strLen);
 	ox::listcpy(&cpy.m_buff[0], m_buff.data(), currentLen);
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator==(const char *other) con
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator==(OxString_c auto const&other) const noexcept {
-	return ox::StringView(*this) == ox::StringView(other);
+	return StringView(*this) == StringView(other);
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::bytes() const noexcept {
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr std::size_t BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::len() const noexcept {
+constexpr std::size_t BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::size() const noexcept {
 	return m_buff.size() - 1;
 }
 
@@ -548,28 +548,28 @@ using StringCR = String const&;
 
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr ox::String toString(ox::StringViewCR sv) noexcept {
+constexpr String toString(StringViewCR sv) noexcept {
 	return ox::String(sv);
 }
 
 
 template<typename PlatSpec, std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto sizeOf(const ox::BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>*) noexcept {
+constexpr auto sizeOf(BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> const*) noexcept {
 	VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> v{.smallVecSize = SmallStringSize_v};
 	return sizeOf<PlatSpec>(&v);
 }
 
 template<typename PlatSpec, std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto alignOf(const ox::BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>&) noexcept {
+constexpr auto alignOf(BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> const&) noexcept {
 	VectorMemMap<PlatSpec> v{.smallVecSize = SmallStringSize_v};
 	return alignOf<PlatSpec>(&v);
 }
 
 template<size_t sz>
-struct MaybeView<ox::BasicString<sz>> {
+struct MaybeView<BasicString<sz>> {
-	using type = ox::StringView;
+	using type = StringView;
 };
 
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/stringliteral.hpp

@@ -16,33 +16,28 @@ namespace ox {
  * StringLiteral is used for functions that want to ensure that they are taking
  * string literals, and not strings outside of the data section of the program
  * that might get deleted.
- * This type cannot force you to use it correctly, so don't give it something
- * that is not a literal.
- * If you do this:
- *		StringLiteral(str.c_str())
- *	the resulting segfault is on you.
  */
 class StringLiteral: public detail::BaseStringView {
 	public:
 		constexpr StringLiteral() noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr StringLiteral(StringLiteral const&sv) noexcept = default;
+		constexpr StringLiteral(StringLiteral const &sv) noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr explicit StringLiteral(std::nullptr_t) noexcept {}
+		consteval StringLiteral(std::nullptr_t) noexcept {}
 
-		constexpr explicit StringLiteral(const char *str, std::size_t len) noexcept: BaseStringView(str, len) {}
+		consteval StringLiteral(char const *str, std::size_t const len) noexcept: BaseStringView{str, len} {}
 
-		constexpr explicit StringLiteral(char const *str) noexcept: StringLiteral(str, ox::strlen(str)) {}
+		OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
+		consteval StringLiteral(char const *str) noexcept: StringLiteral{str, ox::strlen(str)} {}
+		OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 
-		constexpr StringLiteral &operator=(StringLiteral const&other) noexcept {
+		constexpr StringLiteral &operator=(StringLiteral const &other) noexcept {
-			if (&other != this) {
+			set(other.data(), other.size());
-				set(other.data(), other.len());
-			}
 			return *this;
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr const char *c_str() const noexcept {
+		constexpr char const *c_str() const noexcept {
 			return data();
 		}
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/stringparam.hpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "cstringview.hpp"
 #include "string.hpp"
 
 namespace ox {
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@ class StringParam {
 		constexpr StringParam(StringParam &&o) noexcept: m_value{std::move(o.m_value)} {}
 		constexpr StringParam(char const*value) noexcept: m_value{value} {}
 		constexpr StringParam(detail::BaseStringView const&value) noexcept: m_value{value} {}
+		template<size_t sz>
+		constexpr StringParam(ox::IString<sz> const&value) noexcept: m_value{value} {}
 		constexpr StringParam(ox::String const&value) noexcept: m_value{value} {}
 		constexpr StringParam(ox::String &&value) noexcept: m_value{std::move(value)} {}
 		constexpr operator ox::String() && noexcept { return std::move(m_value); }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/stringview.hpp

@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ class StringView: public detail::BaseStringView {
 		constexpr StringView(BaseStringView const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.bytes()) {}
 
 		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
-		constexpr StringView(const BasicString<SmallStrSz> &str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+		constexpr StringView(const BasicString<SmallStrSz> &str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.size()) {}
 
 		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
-		constexpr StringView(const IString<SmallStrSz> &str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+		constexpr StringView(const IString<SmallStrSz> &str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.size()) {}
 
 		constexpr StringView(std::nullptr_t) noexcept {}
 
@@ -53,24 +53,24 @@ class StringView: public detail::BaseStringView {
 
 		constexpr auto &operator=(StringView const&other) noexcept {
 			if (&other != this) {
-				set(other.data(), other.len());
+				set(other.data(), other.size());
 			}
 			return *this;
 		}
 
 };
 
-using StringViewCR = const StringView&;
+using StringViewCR = StringView const&;
 
 constexpr auto operator==(StringViewCR s1, StringViewCR s2) noexcept {
-	if (s2.len() != s1.len()) {
+	if (s2.size() != s1.size()) {
 		return false;
 	}
-	return ox::strncmp(s1.data(), s2.data(), s1.len()) == 0;
+	return ox::strncmp(s1.data(), s2.data(), s1.size()) == 0;
 }
 
 constexpr auto operator<=>(StringViewCR s1, StringViewCR s2) noexcept {
-	const auto maxLen = ox::min(s1.len(), s2.len());
+	const auto maxLen = ox::min(s1.size(), s2.size());
 	const auto a = &s1.front();
 	const auto b = &s2.front();
 	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < maxLen && (a[i] || b[i]); ++i) {
@@ -80,16 +80,16 @@ constexpr auto operator<=>(StringViewCR s1, StringViewCR s2) noexcept {
 			return 1;
 		}
 	}
-	if (s1.len() > s2.len()) {
+	if (s1.size() > s2.size()) {
 		return 1;
-	} else if (s1.len() < s2.len()) {
+	} else if (s1.size() < s2.size()) {
 		return -1;
 	} else {
 		return 0;
 	}
 }
 
-constexpr auto write(Writer_c auto &writer, ox::StringViewCR sv) noexcept {
+constexpr auto write(Writer_c auto &writer, StringViewCR sv) noexcept {
 	return writer.write(sv.data(), sv.bytes());
 }
 
@@ -100,19 +100,24 @@ constexpr auto toStdStringView(StringViewCR sv) noexcept {
 #endif
 
 
-constexpr ox::Result<int> atoi(ox::StringViewCR str) noexcept {
+constexpr ox::Result<int> strToInt(StringViewCR str) noexcept {
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 	int total = 0;
 	int multiplier = 1;
-	for (auto i = static_cast<int64_t>(str.len()) - 1; i != -1; --i) {
+	if (str.size() == 0) [[unlikely]] {
+		return Error{1, "Empty string passed to strToInt"};
+	}
+	for (auto i = static_cast<int64_t>(str.size()) - 1; i != -1; --i) {
 		auto s = static_cast<std::size_t>(i);
 		if (str[s] >= '0' && str[s] <= '9') {
 			total += (str[s] - '0') * multiplier;
 			multiplier *= 10;
 		} else {
-			return ox::Error(1);
+			return ox::Error{1};
 		}
 	}
 	return total;
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 }
 
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/strops.cpp

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@
  */
 
 #include "def.hpp"
+#include "span.hpp"
 #include "strops.hpp"
 
+
 static_assert(ox::strcmp("asdf", "hijk") < 0, "asdf < hijk");
 static_assert(ox::strcmp("hijk", "asdf") > 0, "hijk > asdf");
 static_assert(ox::strcmp("resize", "read") > 0, "resize > read");
@@ -17,27 +19,28 @@ static_assert(ox::strcmp("resize", "resize") == 0, "resize == resize");
 static_assert(ox::strcmp("", "") == 0, "\"\" == \"\"");
 
 static_assert([] {
-	auto testStr = "asdf";
+	auto constexpr testStr = ox::Span{"asdf"};
-OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
-	return ox::strchr(testStr, 0, 4) == &testStr[4];
+	return ox::strchr(testStr.data(), 0, 4) == &testStr[4];
-OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 }(), "ox::strchr 0");
 
 static_assert([] {
-	int retval = 0;
+	auto constexpr testStr = "aaaa";
-	auto testStr = "aaaa";
 	// test the const and non-const versions of ox::lastIndexOf
-	retval |= !(ox::lastIndexOf(const_cast<char*>(testStr), 'a', ox::strlen(testStr)) == 3);
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
-	retval |= !(ox::lastIndexOf(testStr, 'a', ox::strlen(testStr)) == 3);
+	return ox::lastIndexOf(testStr, 'a', ox::strlen(testStr)) == 3;
-	return retval == 0;
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 }(), "ox::lastIndexOf aaaa a");
 
 #ifndef OX_USE_STDLIB
 
 extern "C"
-std::size_t strlen(const char *str) {
+size_t strlen(const char *str) {
-	std::size_t len = 0;
+	size_t len{};
-	for (; str[len]; len++);
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
+	while (str[len]) { ++len; }
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 	return len;
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/strops.hpp

@@ -21,37 +21,47 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
 namespace ox {
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr ox::StringView substr(ox::StringView const&str, std::size_t pos) noexcept {
+constexpr StringView substr(StringViewCR str, std::size_t const pos) noexcept {
-	if (str.len() >= pos) {
+	if (str.size() >= pos) {
-		return {&str[pos], str.len() - pos};
+		return {&str[pos], str.size() - pos};
 	}
 	return {};
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr ox::StringView substr(ox::StringView const&str, std::size_t start, std::size_t end) noexcept {
+constexpr StringView substr(StringViewCR str, std::size_t const start, std::size_t const end) noexcept {
-	if (str.len() >= start && end >= start) {
+	if (str.size() >= start && end >= start) {
 		return {&str[start], end - start};
 	}
 	return {};
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr bool beginsWith(StringViewCR base, char const beginning) noexcept {
+	return base.size() && base[0] == beginning;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr bool endsWith(StringViewCR base, char const ending) noexcept {
+	return base.size() && base[base.size() - 1] == ending;
+}
+
 [[nodiscard]]
 constexpr bool beginsWith(StringViewCR base, StringViewCR beginning) noexcept {
-	const auto beginningLen = ox::min(beginning.len(), base.len());
+	const auto beginningLen = ox::min(beginning.size(), base.size());
-	return base.len() >= beginning.len() && ox::strncmp(base.data(), beginning, beginningLen) == 0;
+	return base.size() >= beginning.size() && ox::strncmp(base.data(), beginning, beginningLen) == 0;
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]]
 constexpr bool endsWith(StringViewCR base, StringViewCR ending) noexcept {
-	const auto endingLen = ending.len();
+	const auto endingLen = ending.size();
-	return base.len() >= endingLen && ox::strcmp(base.data() + (base.len() - endingLen), ending) == 0;
+	return base.size() >= endingLen && ox::strcmp(base.data() + (base.size() - endingLen), ending) == 0;
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr std::size_t find(StringViewCR str, char search) noexcept {
+constexpr std::size_t find(StringViewCR str, char const search) noexcept {
 	std::size_t i = 0;
-	for (; i < str.len(); ++i) {
+	for (; i < str.size(); ++i) {
 		if (str[i] == search) {
 			break;
 		}
@@ -62,7 +72,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t find(StringViewCR str, char search) noexcept {
 [[nodiscard]]
 constexpr std::size_t find(StringViewCR str, StringViewCR search) noexcept {
 	std::size_t i = 0;
-	for (; i < str.len(); ++i) {
+	for (; i < str.size(); ++i) {
 		if (beginsWith(substr(str, i), search)) {
 			break;
 		}
@@ -72,14 +82,14 @@ constexpr std::size_t find(StringViewCR str, StringViewCR search) noexcept {
 
 template<std::size_t smallSz = 0>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(StringViewCR str, char del) noexcept {
+constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(StringViewCR str, char const del) noexcept {
 	ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> out;
 	constexpr auto nextSeg = [](StringViewCR current, char del) {
 		return substr(current, find(current, del) + 1);
 	};
-	for (auto current = str; current.len(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
+	for (auto current = str; current.size(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
 		const auto next = find(current, del);
-		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.len()) {
+		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.size()) {
 			out.emplace_back(s);
 		}
 		current = substr(current, next);
@@ -92,11 +102,11 @@ template<std::size_t smallSz = 0>
 constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(StringViewCR str, StringViewCR del) noexcept {
 	ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> out;
 	constexpr auto nextSeg = [](StringViewCR current, StringViewCR del) {
-		return substr(current, find(current, del) + del.len());
+		return substr(current, find(current, del) + del.size());
 	};
-	for (auto current = str; current.len(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
+	for (auto current = str; current.size(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
 		const auto next = find(current, del);
-		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.len()) {
+		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.size()) {
 			out.emplace_back(s);
 		}
 		current = substr(current, next);
@@ -105,7 +115,7 @@ constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(StringViewCR str, StringView
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr ox::Result<std::size_t> lastIndexOf(ox::StringViewCR str, int character) noexcept {
+constexpr ox::Result<std::size_t> lastIndexOf(ox::StringViewCR str, int const character) noexcept {
 	ox::Result<std::size_t> retval = ox::Error(1, "Character not found");
 	for (auto i = static_cast<int>(str.bytes() - 1); i >= 0; --i) {
 		if (str[static_cast<std::size_t>(i)] == character) {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -28,3 +28,4 @@ add_test("[ox/std] FromHex" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "FromHex")
 add_test("[ox/std] ToHex" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "ToHex")
 add_test("[ox/std] UUID" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "UUID")
 add_test("[ox/std] UUID::generate" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "UUID::generate")
+add_test("[ox/std] intToStr" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "intToStr")

deps/ox/src/ox/std/test/tests.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static uint64_t steadyNowMs() {
 }
 
 template<typename Map = ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::UUID>>
-uint64_t timeMapStrToUuid(int elemCnt, int lookups, uint64_t seed = 4321) noexcept {
+uint64_t timeMapStrToUuid(int const elemCnt, int const lookups, uint64_t seed = 4321) noexcept {
 	ox::UUID::seedGenerator({1234, seed});
 	Map map;
 	// setup test map
@@ -43,15 +43,16 @@ uint64_t timeMapStrToUuid(int elemCnt, int lookups, uint64_t seed = 4321) noexce
 	// start
 	auto const startTime = steadyNowMs();
 	for (int i = 0; i < lookups; ++i) {
-		auto const&k = keys[rand.gen() % keys.size()];
+		auto const &k = keys[rand.gen() % keys.size()];
 		map[k];
-		oxExpect(map[k], ox::UUID::fromString(k).unwrap());
+		ox::expect(map[k], ox::UUID::fromString(k).unwrap());
 	}
 	return steadyNowMs() - startTime;
 }
 
 template<typename Map = ox::SmallMap<ox::UUID, ox::String>>
-uint64_t timeMapUuidToStr(int elemCnt, int lookups, uint64_t seed = 4321) noexcept {
+[[nodiscard]]
+uint64_t timeMapUuidToStr(int const elemCnt, int const lookups, uint64_t seed = 4321) noexcept {
 	ox::UUID::seedGenerator({1234, seed});
 	Map map;
 	// setup test map
@@ -64,13 +65,13 @@ uint64_t timeMapUuidToStr(int elemCnt, int lookups, uint64_t seed = 4321) noexce
 	// start
 	auto const startTime = steadyNowMs();
 	for (int i = 0; i < lookups; ++i) {
-		auto const&k = keys[rand.gen() % keys.size()];
+		auto const &k = keys[rand.gen() % keys.size()];
-		oxExpect(map[k], k.toString());
+		ox::expect(map[k], k.toString());
 	}
 	return steadyNowMs() - startTime;
 }
 
-static ox::Error compareMaps(int lookupCnt = 1'000'000) {
+static ox::Error compareMaps(int const lookupCnt = 1'000'000) {
 	auto const seed = steadyNowMs();
 	uint64_t hashTime{};
 	uint64_t smallTime{};
@@ -126,7 +127,7 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
 OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			ox::heapmgr::free(a1);
 			ox::heapmgr::free(a2);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -135,16 +136,17 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			ox::Array<char, 10> buff;
 			ox::CharBuffWriter bw(buff);
 			oxAssert(ox::writeItoa(5, bw), "ox::writeItoa returned Error");
-			oxExpect(ox::StringView(buff.data()), ox::StringView("5"));
+			ox::expect(ox::StringView(buff.data()), ox::StringView("5"));
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(bw.seekp(0));
 			oxAssert(ox::writeItoa(50, bw), "ox::writeItoa returned Error");
-			oxExpect(ox::StringView(buff.data()), ox::StringView("50"));
+			ox::expect(ox::StringView(buff.data()), ox::StringView("50"));
 			OX_RETURN_ERROR(bw.seekp(0));
 			oxAssert(ox::writeItoa(500, bw), "ox::writeItoa returned Error");
-			oxExpect(ox::StringView(buff.data()), ox::StringView("500"));
+			ox::expect(ox::StringView(buff.data()), ox::StringView("500"));
 			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 	{
 		"ABCDEFG != HIJKLMN",
 		[]() {
@@ -169,6 +171,7 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			return ox::Error(ox::memcmp("ABCDEFGHI", "ABCDEFG", 7) != 0);
 		}
 	},
+	OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 	{
 		"IString",
 		[]() {
@@ -181,8 +184,8 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			s = "asdf";
 			oxAssert(s == "asdf", "String assign broken");
 			oxAssert(s != "aoeu", "String assign broken");
-			oxAssert(s.len() == 4, "String assign broken");
+			oxAssert(s.size() == 4, "String assign broken");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -212,11 +215,11 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			oxAssert(ox::StringView("Write") != ox::String(""), "String / StringView comparison broken");
 			oxAssert(ox::String("Write") != ox::StringView(""), "String / StringView comparison broken");
 			oxAssert(ox::String("Write") == ox::StringView("Write"), "String / StringView comparison broken");
-			oxExpect(ox::String("asdf").substr(1, 3), "sd");
+			ox::expect(ox::String("asdf").substr(1, 3), "sd");
 			oxAssert(
 					ox::String(ox::StringView("Write")) == ox::StringView("Write"),
 					"String / StringView comparison broken");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -225,16 +228,16 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			ox::Vector<int> v;
 			oxAssert(v.size() == 0, "Initial Vector size not 0");
 			oxAssert(v.empty(), "Vector::empty() is broken");
-			auto insertTest = [&v](int val, std::size_t size) {
+			auto insertTest = [&v](int const val, std::size_t const size) {
 				v.push_back(val);
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(ox::Error(v.size() != size, "Vector size incorrect"));
 				OX_RETURN_ERROR(ox::Error(v[v.size() - 1] != val, "Vector value wrong"));
-				return ox::Error(0);
+				return ox::Error{};
 			};
 			oxAssert(insertTest(42, 1), "Vector insertion failed");
 			oxAssert(insertTest(100, 2), "Vector insertion failed");
 			oxAssert(insertTest(102, 3), "Vector insertion failed");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -247,9 +250,9 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 				v.emplace_back("aoeu");
 				auto const origData = v.data();
 				v.shrink_to_fit();
-				oxExpect(v[0], "asdf");
+				ox::expect(v[0], "asdf");
-				oxExpect(v[1], "aoeu");
+				ox::expect(v[1], "aoeu");
-				oxExpect(v.capacity(), 2u);
+				ox::expect(v.capacity(), 2u);
 				oxAssert(origData != v.data(), "shrink_to_fit did not create a new allocation");
 			}
 			{
@@ -259,9 +262,9 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 				v.emplace_back("aoeu");
 				auto const origData = v.data();
 				v.shrink_to_fit();
-				oxExpect(v[0], "asdf");
+				ox::expect(v[0], "asdf");
-				oxExpect(v[1], "aoeu");
+				ox::expect(v[1], "aoeu");
-				oxExpect(v.capacity(), 2u);
+				ox::expect(v.capacity(), 2u);
 				oxAssert(origData == v.data(), "shrink_to_fit inappropriately created a new allocation");
 			}
 			return ox::Error{};
@@ -271,13 +274,13 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 		"findIdx",
 		[] {
 			ox::Vector<ox::IString<8>> const v {"zero", "one", "two", "three", "four"};
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "zero").or_value(5), 0u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "zero").or_value(5), 0u);
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "one").or_value(5), 1u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "one").or_value(5), 1u);
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "two").or_value(5), 2u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "two").or_value(5), 2u);
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "three").or_value(5), 3u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "three").or_value(5), 3u);
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "four").or_value(5), 4u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "four").or_value(5), 4u);
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "five").or_value(5), 5u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "five").or_value(5), 5u);
-			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "six").or_value(6), 6u);
+			ox::expect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "six").or_value(6), 6u);
 			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
@@ -286,19 +289,19 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 		[] {
 			ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::String> map;
 			map["asdf"] = "aoeu";
-			oxExpect(map["asdf"], "aoeu");
+			ox::expect(map["asdf"], "aoeu");
-			oxExpect(map.size(), 1u);
+			ox::expect(map.size(), 1u);
-			oxExpect(map["aoeu"], "");
+			ox::expect(map["aoeu"], "");
-			oxExpect(map.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(map.size(), 2u);
 			ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::String> cmap;
 			cmap["asdf"] = "aoeu";
-			auto constexpr constTest = [](ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::String> const&map) {
+			auto constexpr constTest = [](ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::String> const &map) {
 				OX_REQUIRE(asdf, map.at("asdf"));
-				oxExpect(*asdf, "aoeu");
+				ox::expect(*asdf, "aoeu");
-				oxExpect(map.size(), 1u);
+				ox::expect(map.size(), 1u);
 				auto const aoeu = map.at("aoeu");
-				oxExpect(aoeu.ok(), false);
+				ox::expect(aoeu.ok(), false);
-				oxExpect(map.size(), 1u);
+				ox::expect(map.size(), 1u);
 				return ox::Error{};
 			};
 			return constTest(cmap);
@@ -317,7 +320,7 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			ii[5] = 100;
 			oxAssert(ii[4] == 42, "4 != 42");
 			oxAssert(ii[5] == 100, "5 != 100");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -332,18 +335,17 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			oxAssert(!si.contains("asdf"), "wrongly contains asdf");
 			oxAssert(si.contains("aoeu"), "does not contains aoeu");
 			oxAssert(!si.at("asdf").ok(), "asdf != 0");
-			oxExpect(si["asdf"], 0);
+			ox::expect(si["asdf"], 0);
 			oxAssert(si["aoeu"] == 100, "aoeu != 100");
 			auto si2 = si;
-			oxDebugf("{}", si2["asdf"]);
+			ox::expect(si2["asdf"], 0);
-			oxExpect(si2["asdf"], 0);
 			oxAssert(si2["aoeu"] == 100, "aoeu != 100");
 			ox::HashMap<int, int> ii;
 			ii[4] = 42;
 			ii[5] = 100;
 			oxAssert(ii[4] == 42, "4 != 42");
 			oxAssert(ii[5] == 100, "5 != 100");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -376,15 +378,15 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 				   static_cast<int>(actual[1]),
 				   static_cast<int>(actual[2]),
 				   static_cast<int>(actual[3]));
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<int32_t>(4).unwrap(), BA({4, 0, 0, 0}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<int32_t>(4).unwrap(), BA({4, 0, 0, 0}));
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<int32_t>(256).unwrap(), BA({0, 1, 0, 0}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<int32_t>(256).unwrap(), BA({0, 1, 0, 0}));
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<int32_t>(257).unwrap(), BA({1, 1, 0, 0}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<int32_t>(257).unwrap(), BA({1, 1, 0, 0}));
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(4).unwrap(), BA({4, 0, 0, 0}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(4).unwrap(), BA({4, 0, 0, 0}));
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(256).unwrap(), BA({0, 1, 0, 0}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(256).unwrap(), BA({0, 1, 0, 0}));
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(257).unwrap(), BA({1, 1, 0, 0}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(257).unwrap(), BA({1, 1, 0, 0}));
 			constexpr auto neg1 = static_cast<char>(-1); // ARM64 Linux assumes -1 literals are ints...
-			oxExpect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(0xffff'ffff).unwrap(), BA({neg1, neg1, neg1, neg1}));
+			ox::expect(ox::serialize<uint32_t>(0xffff'ffff).unwrap(), BA({neg1, neg1, neg1, neg1}));
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -393,58 +395,58 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			ox::Buffer b;
 			ox::BufferWriter w(&b);
 			oxAssert(w.write("asdf", 4), "write failed");
-			oxExpect(b.size(), 4u);
+			ox::expect(b.size(), 4u);
 			oxAssert(w.write("aoeu", 4), "write failed");
-			oxExpect(b.size(), 8u);
+			ox::expect(b.size(), 8u);
-			oxExpect(ox::StringView(b.data(), b.size()), "asdfaoeu");
+			ox::expect(ox::StringView(b.data(), b.size()), "asdfaoeu");
 			ox::StringView constexpr qwerty = "qwerty";
 			oxAssert(w.write(qwerty.data(), qwerty.bytes()), "write failed");
-			oxExpect(b.size(), 14u);
+			ox::expect(b.size(), 14u);
-			oxExpect(ox::StringView(b.data(), b.size()), "asdfaoeuqwerty");
+			ox::expect(ox::StringView(b.data(), b.size()), "asdfaoeuqwerty");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
 		"FromHex",
 		[] {
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("01").unwrap(), 0x01);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("01").unwrap(), 0x01);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("02").unwrap(), 0x02);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("02").unwrap(), 0x02);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("03").unwrap(), 0x03);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("03").unwrap(), 0x03);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("04").unwrap(), 0x04);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("04").unwrap(), 0x04);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("05").unwrap(), 0x05);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("05").unwrap(), 0x05);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("06").unwrap(), 0x06);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("06").unwrap(), 0x06);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("07").unwrap(), 0x07);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("07").unwrap(), 0x07);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("08").unwrap(), 0x08);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("08").unwrap(), 0x08);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("0d").unwrap(), 0x0d);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("0d").unwrap(), 0x0d);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("0e").unwrap(), 0x0e);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("0e").unwrap(), 0x0e);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("0f").unwrap(), 0x0f);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("0f").unwrap(), 0x0f);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("0F").unwrap(), 0x0f);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("0F").unwrap(), 0x0f);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("fF").unwrap(), 0xff);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("fF").unwrap(), 0xff);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("ff").unwrap(), 0xff);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("ff").unwrap(), 0xff);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("a0").unwrap(), 0xa0);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("a0").unwrap(), 0xa0);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("93").unwrap(), 0x93);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("93").unwrap(), 0x93);
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::fromHex("40").unwrap(), 0x40);
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::fromHex("40").unwrap(), 0x40);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
 		"ToHex",
 		[] {
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x01), "01");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x01), "01");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x02), "02");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x02), "02");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x03), "03");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x03), "03");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x04), "04");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x04), "04");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x05), "05");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x05), "05");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x06), "06");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x06), "06");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x07), "07");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x07), "07");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x08), "08");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x08), "08");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x0d), "0d");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x0d), "0d");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x0e), "0e");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x0e), "0e");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x0f), "0f");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x0f), "0f");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x93), "93");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x93), "93");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0x40), "40");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0x40), "40");
-			oxExpect(ox::detail::toHex(0xf0), "f0");
+			ox::expect(ox::detail::toHex(0xf0), "f0");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -452,20 +454,20 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 		[] {
 			constexpr ox::StringView uuidStr = "8d814442-f46e-4cc3-8edc-ca3c01cc86db";
 			OX_REQUIRE(uuid, ox::UUID::fromString(uuidStr));
-			oxExpect(uuid.toString(), uuidStr);
+			ox::expect(uuid.toString(), uuidStr);
-			oxExpect(ox::UUID{}.isNull(), true);
+			ox::expect(ox::UUID{}.isNull(), true);
-			oxExpect(ox::UUID::fromString(uuidStr).value.isNull(), false);
+			ox::expect(ox::UUID::fromString(uuidStr).value.isNull(), false);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
 		"UUID::generate",
 		[] {
 			ox::UUID::seedGenerator({1234, 4321});
-			oxExpect(ox::UUID::generate().unwrap().toString(), "5c3f4b5e-ccbf-4727-7f03-3053dedc8827");
+			ox::expect(ox::UUID::generate().unwrap().toString(), "5c3f4b5e-ccbf-4727-7f03-3053dedc8827");
-			oxExpect(ox::UUID::generate().unwrap().toString(), "90d0274a-2774-4afa-88e5-0c1d60ba3abf");
+			ox::expect(ox::UUID::generate().unwrap().toString(), "90d0274a-2774-4afa-88e5-0c1d60ba3abf");
-			oxExpect(ox::UUID::generate().unwrap().toString(), "7df77910-841c-48ba-ea2e-44521ac47c2e");
+			ox::expect(ox::UUID::generate().unwrap().toString(), "7df77910-841c-48ba-ea2e-44521ac47c2e");
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 	{
@@ -473,71 +475,100 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 		[] {
 			ox::StringView sv = "ab.cd";
 			auto list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 2u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
 			sv = "ab.cd.fg";
 			list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 3u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 3u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
-			oxExpect(list[2], "fg");
+			ox::expect(list[2], "fg");
 			sv = "ab.cd.";
 			list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 2u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
 			sv = ".ab.cd.";
 			list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 2u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
 			sv = ".";
 			list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 0u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 0u);
 			sv = ".";
 			list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 0u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 0u);
 			sv = "";
 			list = ox::split(sv, ".");
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 0u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 0u);
 			// split by single char
 			sv = "ab.cd";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 2u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
 			sv = "ab.cd.fg";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 3u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 3u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
-			oxExpect(list[2], "fg");
+			ox::expect(list[2], "fg");
 			sv = "ab.cd.";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 2u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
 			sv = ".ab.cd.";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 2u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 2u);
-			oxExpect(list[0], "ab");
+			ox::expect(list[0], "ab");
-			oxExpect(list[1], "cd");
+			ox::expect(list[1], "cd");
 			sv = ".";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 0u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 0u);
 			sv = ".";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 0u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 0u);
 			sv = "";
 			list = ox::split(sv, '.');
-			oxExpect(list.size(), 0u);
+			ox::expect(list.size(), 0u);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			return ox::Error{};
+		}
+	},
+	{
+		"intToStr",
+		[] {
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<uint8_t>(255u), "255");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int8_t>(127), "127");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int8_t>(-128), "-128");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<uint16_t>(65535u), "65535");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int16_t>(32767), "32767");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int16_t>(-32768), "-32768");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<uint32_t>(4294967295u), "4294967295");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int32_t>(2147483647), "2147483647");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int32_t>(-2147483648), "-2147483648");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<uint64_t>(18446744073709551615u), "18446744073709551615");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int64_t>(9223372036854775807), "9223372036854775807");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<int64_t>(-9223372036854775807), "-9223372036854775807");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<uint64_t>(0), "0");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr<uint64_t>(5), "5");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(0), "0");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(5), "5");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(5000), "5000");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(50000), "50000");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(500000), "500000");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(-5), "-5");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(-5000), "-5000");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(-50000), "-50000");
+			ox::expect(ox::intToStr(-500000), "-500000");
+			return ox::Error{};
 		}
 	},
 };
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
+int main(int const argc, const char **argv) {
 	if (argc < 2) {
 		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 		return -1;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/trace.hpp

@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class OutStream {
 		constexpr OutStream &operator<<(Integer_c auto v) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr OutStream &operator<<(char v) noexcept {
-			if (m_msg.msg.len()) {
+			if (m_msg.msg.size()) {
 				m_msg.msg += m_delimiter;
 			}
 			m_msg.msg += v;
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ class OutStream {
 		}
 
 		constexpr OutStream &operator<<(StringViewCR v) noexcept {
-			if (m_msg.msg.len()) {
+			if (m_msg.msg.size()) {
 				m_msg.msg += m_delimiter;
 			}
 			m_msg.msg += v;
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class OutStream {
 
 	private:
 		constexpr OutStream &appendSignedInt(int64_t v) noexcept {
-			if (m_msg.msg.len()) {
+			if (m_msg.msg.size()) {
 				m_msg.msg += m_delimiter;
 			}
 			m_msg.msg += static_cast<int64_t>(v);
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ class OutStream {
 		}
 
 		constexpr OutStream &appendUnsignedInt(uint64_t v) noexcept {
-			if (m_msg.msg.len()) {
+			if (m_msg.msg.size()) {
 				m_msg.msg += m_delimiter;
 			}
 			m_msg.msg += static_cast<int64_t>(v);
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ class OutStream {
 };
 
 constexpr OutStream &OutStream::operator<<(Integer_c auto v) noexcept {
-	if (m_msg.msg.len()) {
+	if (m_msg.msg.size()) {
 		m_msg.msg += m_delimiter;
 	}
 	m_msg.msg += v;
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ using TraceStream = NullStream;
 
 inline void logError(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, const Error &err) noexcept {
 	if (err) {
-		TraceStream trc(file, line, "ox::error");
+		TraceStream trc(file, line, "ox.error");
 		if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
 			trc << "Error: (" << err.src.file_name() << ":" << err.src.line() << "):";
 		} else {
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ inline void logError(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, const Error &e
 
 inline void logError(const char *file, int line, const Error &err) noexcept {
 	if (err) {
-		TraceStream trc(file, line, "ox::error");
+		TraceStream trc(file, line, "ox.error");
 		trc <<  "Error:" << err;
 		if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
 			trc << "(" << err.src.file_name() << ":" << err.src.line() << ")";

deps/ox/src/ox/std/tracehook.cpp

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ enum LogChan {
 	Debug = 4,
 };
 
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
+
 template<LogChan chan>
 static void log(ox::StringViewCR str) {
 	const auto sz = ox::min<std::size_t>(0x100, str.bytes());
@@ -103,5 +105,7 @@ void oxTraceHook([[maybe_unused]] const char *file, [[maybe_unused]] int line,
 #endif
 }
 
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
+
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/types.hpp

@@ -63,25 +63,6 @@ namespace ox {
 
 using CString = char const*;
 
-/**
- * Aliases type T in size and alignment to allow allocating space for a T
- * without running the constructor.
- */
-template<typename T, std::size_t sz = sizeof(T)>
-struct alignas(alignof(T)) AllocAlias {
-	char buff[sz];
-	constexpr AllocAlias() noexcept = default;
-	[[nodiscard]]
-	auto data() noexcept {
-		return reinterpret_cast<T*>(this);
-	}
-	[[nodiscard]]
-	auto data() const noexcept {
-		return reinterpret_cast<const T*>(this);
-	}
-};
-
-
 template<std::size_t sz>
 struct SignedType {
 };

deps/ox/src/ox/std/typetraits.hpp

@@ -34,6 +34,41 @@ inline constexpr bool is_trivially_copyable_v = __is_trivially_copyable(T);
 
 namespace ox {
 
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_cv {
+	using type = T;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_cv<const T> {
+	using type = T;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_cv<volatile T> {
+	using type = T;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_cv<const volatile T> {
+	using type = T;
+};
+
+
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_const {
+	using type = T;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct remove_const<const T> {
+	using type = T;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+using remove_const_t = typename remove_const<T>::type;
+
+
 template<class T, T v>
 struct integral_constant {
 
@@ -109,6 +144,12 @@ template<> struct is_integer<int16_t> : true_type {};
 template<> struct is_integer<uint16_t>: true_type {};
 template<> struct is_integer<int32_t> : true_type {};
 template<> struct is_integer<uint32_t>: true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<int8_t const>  : true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<uint8_t const> : true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<int16_t const> : true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<uint16_t const>: true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<int32_t const> : true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<uint32_t const>: true_type {};
 
 // some of these need to be done with the actual language syntax because no one
 // can agree on what an (u)int64_t is...
@@ -116,9 +157,13 @@ template<> struct is_integer<long>: true_type {};
 template<> struct is_integer<long long>: true_type {};
 template<> struct is_integer<unsigned long>: true_type {};
 template<> struct is_integer<unsigned long long>: true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<long const>: true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<long long const>: true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<unsigned long const>: true_type {};
+template<> struct is_integer<unsigned long long const>: true_type {};
 
 template<typename T>
-constexpr bool is_integer_v = is_integral<T>::value;
+constexpr bool is_integer_v = is_integer<T>::value;
 
 template<typename T>
 concept Integer_c = is_integer<T>::value;
@@ -180,20 +225,6 @@ struct is_same<T, T>: true_type {};
 template<typename T, typename U>
 constexpr auto is_same_v = is_same<T, U>::value;
 
-// enable_if ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-template<bool B, class T = void>
-struct enable_if {
-};
-
-template<class T>
-struct enable_if<true, T> {
-	using type = T;
-};
-
-template<bool B, typename T>
-using enable_if_t = typename enable_if<B, T>::type;
-
 template<typename T>
 struct is_pointer {
 	static constexpr bool value = false;
@@ -237,6 +268,9 @@ struct remove_pointer<T* const volatile> {
 	using type = T;
 };
 
+template<typename T>
+using remove_pointer_t = typename remove_pointer<T>::type;
+
 
 template<typename T>
 struct remove_reference {
@@ -275,39 +309,23 @@ template<class T>
 constexpr bool is_move_constructible_v = detail::is_move_constructible<T>(0);
 
 
+namespace detail {
 template<typename T>
-struct remove_cv {
+T const &declvalCopy();
-	using type = T;
+
-};
+template<typename T, typename = decltype(T(declvalCopy<T>()))>
+constexpr bool is_copy_constructible(int) {
+	return true;
+}
 
 template<typename T>
-struct remove_cv<const T> {
+constexpr bool is_copy_constructible(bool) {
-	using type = T;
+	return false;
-};
+}
+}
 
-template<typename T>
+template<class T>
-struct remove_cv<volatile T> {
+constexpr bool is_copy_constructible_v = detail::is_copy_constructible<T>(0);
-	using type = T;
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-struct remove_cv<const volatile T> {
-	using type = T;
-};
-
-
-template<typename T>
-struct remove_const {
-	using type = T;
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-struct remove_const<const T> {
-	using type = T;
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-using remove_const_t = typename remove_const<T>::type;
 
 
 // is String?

deps/ox/src/ox/std/utility.hpp

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ constexpr bool cmp_equal(T const t, U const u) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(ox::is_signed_v<T> == ox::is_signed_v<U>) {
 		return t == u;
 	} else if constexpr(ox::is_signed_v<T>) {
-		return ox::Signed<T>{t} == u;
+		return t >= 0 && static_cast<ox::Unsigned<T>>(t) == u;
 	} else {
-		return t == ox::Signed<U>{u};
+		return u >= 0 && t == static_cast<ox::Unsigned<U>>(u);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ constexpr bool cmp_less(T const t, U const u) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(ox::is_signed_v<T> == ox::is_signed_v<U>) {
 		return t < u;
 	} else if constexpr(ox::is_signed_v<T>) {
-		return ox::Signed<T>{t} < u;
+		return t < 0 || static_cast<ox::Unsigned<T>>(t) < u;
 	} else {
-		return t < ox::Signed<U>{u};
+		return u >= 0 && t < static_cast<ox::Unsigned<U>>(u);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -69,6 +69,13 @@ constexpr bool cmp_greater_equal(T const t, U const u) noexcept {
 	return !std::cmp_less(t, u);
 }
 
+static_assert(cmp_less(-1, 5u));
+static_assert(!cmp_less(5u, -1));
+static_assert(cmp_equal(5u, 5));
+static_assert(cmp_equal(5, 5u));
+static_assert(!cmp_equal(-5, 5u));
+static_assert(!cmp_equal(4u, 5u));
+
 }
 #endif
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/uuid.hpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ constexpr ox::Result<uint8_t> fromHex(ox::StringViewCR v) noexcept {
 	if (!detail::isHexChar(v[0]) || !detail::isHexChar(v[1])) {
 		return ox::Error(1, "Invalid UUID");
 	}
-	if (v.len() != 2) {
+	if (v.size() != 2) {
 		return ox::Error(2);
 	}
 	uint8_t out = 0;
@@ -105,6 +105,10 @@ class UUID {
 		ox::Array<uint8_t, 16> m_value{};
 
 	public:
+
+		static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.ox.UUID";
+		static constexpr auto TypeVersion = 1;
+
 		static void seedGenerator(const RandomSeed &seed) noexcept;
 
 		static ox::Result<UUID> generate() noexcept;
@@ -129,18 +133,18 @@ class UUID {
 		}
 
 		static constexpr ox::Result<ox::UUID> fromString(ox::StringViewCR s) noexcept {
-			if (s.len() < 36) {
+			if (s.size() < 36) {
 				return ox::Error(1, "Insufficient data to contain a complete UUID");
 			}
 			UUID out;
 			auto valueI = 0u;
-			for (size_t i = 0; i < s.len();) {
+			for (size_t i = 0; i < s.size();) {
 				if (s[i] == '-') {
 					++i;
 					continue;
 				}
 				const auto seg = substr(s, i, i + 2);
-				if (seg.len() != 2) {
+				if (seg.size() != 2) {
 					return ox::Error(1, "Invalid UUID");
 				}
 				OX_REQUIRE(val, detail::fromHex(seg));
@@ -170,7 +174,7 @@ class UUID {
 				for (auto i = 0u; i < cnt; ++i) {
 					const auto v = value[valueI];
 					const auto h = detail::toHex(v);
-					std::ignore = writer.write(h.c_str(), h.len());
+					std::ignore = writer.write(h.c_str(), h.size());
 					++valueI;
 				}
 			};

deps/ox/src/ox/std/vector.hpp

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace ox {
 
 namespace detail {
 
-template<typename T, typename Allocator, std::size_t Size = 1>
+template<typename T, typename Allocator, size_t Size = 1>
 struct VectorAllocator {
 	static_assert(sizeof(AllocAlias<T>) == sizeof(T));
 	static_assert(alignof(AllocAlias<T>) == alignof(T));
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ struct VectorAllocator {
 		ox::Array<AllocAlias<T>, Size> m_data = {};
 	protected:
 		constexpr VectorAllocator() noexcept = default;
-		constexpr VectorAllocator(const VectorAllocator&) noexcept = default;
+		constexpr VectorAllocator(VectorAllocator const&) noexcept = default;
 		constexpr VectorAllocator(VectorAllocator&&) noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr void allocate(T **items, std::size_t cap) noexcept {
+		constexpr void allocate(T **items, size_t const cap) noexcept {
 			// small vector optimization cannot be done it constexpr, but it doesn't really matter in constexpr
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated() || cap > Size) {
 				*items = Allocator{}.allocate(cap);
@@ -49,45 +49,31 @@ struct VectorAllocator {
 		constexpr void moveConstructItemsFrom(
 				T **items,
 				VectorAllocator *src,
-				const std::size_t count,
+				size_t const count,
-				const std::size_t cap) noexcept {
+				size_t const cap) noexcept {
 			// this totally idiotic redundant check (&& count <= Size) is required to address a bug in devkitARM,
 			// try removing it later
 			if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 				if (cap <= m_data.size() && count <= m_data.size()) {
 					for (auto i = 0u; i < count; ++i) {
-						const auto dstItem = reinterpret_cast<T *>(&m_data[i]);
+						auto const srcItem = std::launder(reinterpret_cast<T*>(&src->m_data[i]));
-						const auto srcItem = reinterpret_cast<T *>(&src->m_data[i]);
+						new (&m_data[i]) T(std::move(*srcItem));
-						std::construct_at<T>(dstItem, std::move(*srcItem));
 					}
+					if (count) {
+						*items = std::launder(reinterpret_cast<T*>(m_data.data()));
+					} else {
 						*items = reinterpret_cast<T*>(m_data.data());
 					}
 				}
 			}
-
-		constexpr void moveItemsFrom(
-				T **items,
-				VectorAllocator *src,
-				const std::size_t count,
-				const std::size_t cap) noexcept {
-			// this totally idiotic redundant check (&& count <= Size) is required to address a bug in devkitARM,
-			// try removing it later
-			if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
-				if (cap <= m_data.size() && count <= m_data.size()) {
-					for (std::size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-						const auto dstItem = reinterpret_cast<T *>(&m_data[i]);
-						const auto srcItem = reinterpret_cast<T *>(&src->m_data[i]);
-						*dstItem = std::move(*srcItem);
-					}
-					*items = reinterpret_cast<T*>(m_data.data());
-				}
-			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr void deallocate(T *items, std::size_t cap) noexcept {
+		constexpr void deallocate(T *const items, size_t const cap) noexcept {
 			// small vector optimization cannot be done it constexpr, but it doesn't really matter in constexpr
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+				if (items) {
 					Allocator{}.deallocate(items, cap);
+				}
 			} else {
 				if (items && static_cast<void*>(items) != static_cast<void*>(m_data.data())) {
 					Allocator{}.deallocate(items, cap);
@@ -101,10 +87,10 @@ template<typename T, typename Allocator>
 struct VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, 0> {
 	protected:
 		constexpr VectorAllocator() noexcept = default;
-		constexpr VectorAllocator(const VectorAllocator&) noexcept = default;
+		constexpr VectorAllocator(VectorAllocator const&) noexcept = default;
 		constexpr VectorAllocator(VectorAllocator&&) noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr void allocate(T **items, std::size_t cap) noexcept {
+		constexpr void allocate(T **items, size_t const cap) noexcept {
 			*items = Allocator{}.allocate(cap);
 		}
 
@@ -112,15 +98,15 @@ struct VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, 0> {
 		constexpr void moveConstructItemsFrom(
 				T**,
 				VectorAllocator*,
-				const std::size_t,
+				size_t const,
-				const std::size_t) noexcept {
+				size_t const) noexcept {
 		}
 
 		[[maybe_unused]]
-		constexpr void moveItemsFrom(T**, VectorAllocator*, const std::size_t, const std::size_t) noexcept {
+		constexpr void moveItemsFrom(T**, VectorAllocator*, size_t const, size_t const) noexcept {
 		}
 
-		constexpr void deallocate(T *items, std::size_t cap) noexcept {
+		constexpr void deallocate(T *const items, size_t const cap) noexcept {
 			if (items) {
 				Allocator{}.deallocate(items, cap);
 			}
@@ -130,12 +116,12 @@ struct VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, 0> {
 
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize = 0, typename Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize = 0, typename Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
 class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 
 	public:
 		using value_type = T;
-		using size_type = std::size_t;
+		using size_type = size_t;
 
 		template<typename RefType = T&, typename PtrType = T*, bool reverse = false>
 		using iterator = SpanIterator<T, RefType, PtrType, reverse>;
@@ -143,18 +129,18 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 	private:
 		static constexpr auto initialCap = SmallVectorSize > 0 ? SmallVectorSize : 50;
 		static constexpr auto useNoexcept = ox::is_integral_v<T> || ox::is_pointer_v<T>;
-		std::size_t m_size = 0;
+		size_t m_size = 0;
-		std::size_t m_cap = 0;
+		size_t m_cap = 0;
 		T *m_items = nullptr;
 
 	public:
 		constexpr Vector() noexcept = default;
 
-		explicit constexpr Vector(std::size_t size) noexcept;
+		explicit constexpr Vector(size_t size) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr Vector(std::initializer_list<T> list) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Vector(const Vector &other) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr Vector(Vector const &other) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		constexpr Vector(Vector &&other) noexcept;
 
@@ -169,23 +155,23 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*> begin() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*> begin() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*>(m_items, 0, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*>(m_items, 0, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*> end() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*> end() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*>(m_items, m_size, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*>(m_items, m_size, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*> cbegin() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*> cbegin() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*>(m_items, 0, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*>(m_items, 0, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*> cend() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*> cend() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*>(m_items, m_size, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*>(m_items, m_size, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
@@ -199,36 +185,36 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*, true> crbegin() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*, true> crbegin() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*, true>(m_items, m_size - 1, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*, true>(m_items, m_size - 1, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*, true> crend() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*, true> crend() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*, true>(m_items, MaxValue<size_type>, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*, true>(m_items, MaxValue<size_type>, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*, true> rbegin() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*, true> rbegin() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*, true>(m_items, m_size - 1, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*, true>(m_items, m_size - 1, m_size);
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr iterator<const T&, const T*, true> rend() const noexcept {
+		constexpr iterator<T const&, T const*, true> rend() const noexcept {
-			return iterator<const T&, const T*, true>(m_items, MaxValue<size_type>, m_size);
+			return iterator<T const&, T const*, true>(m_items, MaxValue<size_type>, m_size);
 		}
 
-		constexpr bool operator==(const Vector &other) const noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr bool operator==(Vector const &other) const noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr Vector &operator=(const Vector &other) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr Vector &operator=(Vector const &other) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		constexpr Vector &operator=(Vector &&other) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr T &operator[](std::size_t i) noexcept;
+		constexpr T &operator[](size_t i) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr const T &operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept;
+		constexpr T const &operator[](size_t i) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr Result<T*> at(size_t i) noexcept;
@@ -240,26 +226,28 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		constexpr Result<T*> front() noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr Result<const T*> front() const noexcept;
+		constexpr Result<T const*> front() const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr Result<T*> back() noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr Result<const T*> back() const noexcept;
+		constexpr Result<T const*> back() const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr std::size_t capacity() const noexcept;
+		constexpr size_t capacity() const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr std::size_t size() const noexcept;
+		constexpr size_t size() const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr void clear() noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr void resize(std::size_t size) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr void resize(size_t size) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+
+		constexpr void reserveResize(size_t size) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr T *data() noexcept {
@@ -267,7 +255,7 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr const T *data() const noexcept {
+		constexpr T const *data() const noexcept {
 			return m_items;
 		}
 
@@ -275,17 +263,19 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		constexpr bool contains(MaybeView_t<T> const&) const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> insert(
-				std::size_t pos, std::size_t cnt, T const&val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+			size_t pos, size_t cnt, T const &val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> insert(std::size_t pos, T val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> insert(size_t pos, T val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		template<typename... Args>
-		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> emplace(std::size_t pos, Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> emplace(size_t pos, Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		template<typename... Args>
 		constexpr T &emplace_back(Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr void push_back(T item) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr void push_back(T const &item) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+
+		constexpr void push_back(T &&item) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		constexpr void pop_back() noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
@@ -294,14 +284,14 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		 * @param pos iterator at the point to remove
 		 * @return Error if index is out of bounds
 		 */
-		constexpr Result<iterator<T&, T*, false>> erase(const iterator<> &pos) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr Result<iterator<T&, T*, false>> erase(iterator<> const &pos) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		/**
 		 * Removes an item from the Vector.
 		 * @param pos position of item to remove
 		 * @return Error if index is out of bounds
 		 */
-		constexpr Result<iterator<T&, T*, false>> erase(std::size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr Result<iterator<T&, T*, false>> erase(size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		/**
 		 * Moves the last item in the Vector to position pos and decrements the
@@ -309,59 +299,62 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		 * @param pos position of item to remove
 		 * @return Error if index is out of bounds
 		 */
-		constexpr Error unordered_erase(std::size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr Error unordered_erase(size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr Error remove(T const &val);
+		constexpr Error remove(MaybeView_t<T> const &val);
 
-		constexpr void reserve(std::size_t cap) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr void reserve(size_t cap) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		constexpr void shrink_to_fit() noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 	private:
 		constexpr void reserveInsert(
-				std::size_t cap, std::size_t pos, std::size_t offset = 1) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+				size_t cap, size_t pos, size_t offset = 1) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 };
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator, typename RefType, bool reverse>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator, typename RefType, bool reverse>
 using VectorIt = typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<RefType, reverse>;
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator, typename RefType, bool reverse>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator, typename RefType, bool reverse>
 constexpr VectorIt<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator, RefType, reverse> operator+(
-		std::size_t n,
+		size_t n,
-		const VectorIt<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator, RefType, reverse> &a) {
+		VectorIt<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator, RefType, reverse> const &a) {
 	return a + n;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(std::size_t size) noexcept {
+constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(size_t const size) noexcept {
 	m_size = size;
 	m_cap = m_size;
 	this->allocate(&m_items, m_cap);
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
 		std::construct_at(&m_items[i]);
 	}
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(std::initializer_list<T> list) noexcept {
-	reserve(list.size());
+	m_size = list.size();
-	for (auto &item : list) {
+	m_cap = m_size;
-		emplace_back(std::move(item));
+	this->allocate(&m_items, m_cap);
+	for (size_t i{}; auto &item : list) {
+		std::construct_at(&m_items[i], std::move(item));
+		++i;
 	}
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(const Vector &other) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(Vector const &other) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	m_size = other.m_size;
 	m_cap = other.m_cap;
 	this->allocate(&m_items, other.m_cap);
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
 		std::construct_at(&m_items[i], other.m_items[i]);
 	}
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(Vector &&other) noexcept {
 	m_size = other.m_size;
 	m_cap = other.m_cap;
@@ -372,20 +365,20 @@ constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(Vector &&other) noexcept
 	other.m_items = nullptr;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::~Vector() {
 	clear();
 	this->deallocate(m_items, m_cap);
 	m_items = nullptr;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator==(
-		const Vector &other) const noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+		Vector const &other) const noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size != other.m_size) {
 		return false;
 	}
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; i++) {
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; i++) {
 		if (!(m_items[i] == other.m_items[i])) {
 			return false;
 		}
@@ -393,9 +386,9 @@ constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator==(
 	return true;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator> &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator=(
-		const Vector &other) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+		Vector const &other) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (this != &other) {
 		clear();
 		this->deallocate(m_items, m_cap);
@@ -403,14 +396,14 @@ constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator> &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allo
 		m_size = other.m_size;
 		m_cap = other.m_cap;
 		this->allocate(&m_items, other.m_cap);
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; i++) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; i++) {
 			std::construct_at(&m_items[i], other.m_items[i]);
 		}
 	}
 	return *this;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator> &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator=(
 		Vector &&other) noexcept {
 	if (this != &other) {
@@ -419,7 +412,7 @@ constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator> &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allo
 		m_size = other.m_size;
 		m_cap = other.m_cap;
 		m_items = other.m_items;
-		this->moveItemsFrom(&m_items, &other, m_size, m_cap);
+		this->moveConstructItemsFrom(&m_items, &other, m_size, m_cap);
 		other.m_size = 0;
 		other.m_cap = 0;
 		other.m_items = nullptr;
@@ -427,35 +420,35 @@ constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator> &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allo
 	return *this;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr T &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator[](std::size_t i) noexcept {
+constexpr T &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator[](size_t const i) noexcept {
-	boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Vector access overflow");
+	boundsCheck(i, size(), "Vector access overflow");
 	return m_items[i];
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr const T &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
+constexpr T const &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::operator[](size_t const i) const noexcept {
-	boundsCheck(__FILE__, __LINE__, i, size(), "Vector access overflow");
+	boundsCheck(i, size(), "Vector access overflow");
 	return m_items[i];
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Result<T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::at(size_t i) noexcept {
+constexpr Result<T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::at(size_t const i) noexcept {
 	if (i < size()) [[likely]] {
 		return &operator[](i);
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1, "Vector: Invalid index");
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Result<T const*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::at(size_t i) const noexcept {
+constexpr Result<T const*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::at(size_t const i) const noexcept {
 	if (i < size()) [[likely]] {
 		return &operator[](i);
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1, "Vector: Invalid index");
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Result<T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::front() noexcept {
 	if (!m_size) {
 		return {nullptr, ox::Error(1)};
@@ -463,15 +456,15 @@ constexpr Result<T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::front() noexcept {
 	return &m_items[0];
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Result<const T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::front() const noexcept {
+constexpr Result<T const*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::front() const noexcept {
 	if (!m_size) {
 		return {nullptr, ox::Error(1)};
 	}
 	return &m_items[0];
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Result<T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::back() noexcept {
 	if (!m_size) {
 		return {nullptr, ox::Error(1)};
@@ -479,59 +472,65 @@ constexpr Result<T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::back() noexcept {
 	return &m_items[m_size - 1];
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Result<const T*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::back() const noexcept {
+constexpr Result<T const*> Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::back() const noexcept {
 	if (!m_size) {
 		return {nullptr, ox::Error(1)};
 	}
 	return &m_items[m_size - 1];
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr std::size_t Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::capacity() const noexcept {
+constexpr size_t Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::capacity() const noexcept {
 	return m_cap;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr std::size_t Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::size() const noexcept {
+constexpr size_t Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::size() const noexcept {
 	return m_size;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::empty() const noexcept {
 	return !m_size;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::clear() noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if constexpr(is_class<T>()) {
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
 			m_items[i].~T();
 		}
 	}
 	m_size = 0;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::resize(std::size_t size) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::resize(size_t const size) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_cap < size) {
 		reserve(size * 2);
 	}
 	if (m_size < size) {
-		for (std::size_t i = m_size; i < size; i++) {
+		for (size_t i = m_size; i < size; i++) {
 			std::construct_at(&m_items[i]);
 		}
 	} else {
-		for (std::size_t i = size; i < m_size; i++) {
+		for (size_t i = size; i < m_size; i++) {
 			m_items[i].~T();
 		}
 	}
 	m_size = size;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::contains(MaybeView_t<T> const&v) const noexcept {
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserveResize(size_t const size) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
+	reserve(size);
+	resize(size);
+}
+
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::contains(MaybeView_t<T> const &v) const noexcept {
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
 		if (m_items[i] == v) {
 			return true;
 		}
@@ -539,10 +538,10 @@ constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::contains(MaybeView_t<T> co
 	return false;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>
 Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(
-		std::size_t pos, std::size_t cnt, T const&val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+	size_t const pos, size_t const cnt, T const &val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size + cnt > m_cap) {
 		reserveInsert(m_cap ? m_size + cnt : initialCap, pos, cnt);
 	}
@@ -562,9 +561,9 @@ Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(
 	return begin() + pos;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>
-Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(std::size_t pos, T val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(size_t pos, T val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
 		reserveInsert(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap, pos);
 	}
@@ -580,10 +579,10 @@ Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(std::size_t pos, T val) noexcept(u
 	return begin() + pos;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 template<typename... Args>
 constexpr typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>
-Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::emplace(std::size_t pos, Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::emplace(size_t pos, Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
 		reserveInsert(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap, pos);
 		if (pos < m_size) {
@@ -603,7 +602,7 @@ Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::emplace(std::size_t pos, Args&&... args)
 	return begin() + pos;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 template<typename... Args>
 constexpr T &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::emplace_back(Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
@@ -614,8 +613,17 @@ constexpr T &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::emplace_back(Args&&... args)
 	return *out;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(T item) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(T const &item) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+	if (m_size == m_cap) {
+		reserve(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap);
+	}
+	std::construct_at(&m_items[m_size], item);
+	++m_size;
+}
+
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(T &&item) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
 		reserve(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap);
 	}
@@ -623,21 +631,21 @@ constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(T item) noexcept
 	++m_size;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::pop_back() noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	--m_size;
 	m_items[m_size].~T();
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Result<typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>>
-Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::erase(const iterator<> &pos) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::erase(iterator<> const &pos) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	return erase(pos.offset());
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Result<typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>>
-Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::erase(std::size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::erase(size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (pos >= m_size) {
 		return ox::Error(1, "Vector::erase failed: pos is greater than Vector size");
 	}
@@ -649,8 +657,8 @@ Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::erase(std::size_t pos) noexcept(useNoexce
 	return begin() + pos;
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr Error Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::unordered_erase(std::size_t pos)
+constexpr Error Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::unordered_erase(size_t pos)
 	noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (pos >= m_size) {
 		return ox::Error(1);
@@ -658,11 +666,11 @@ constexpr Error Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::unordered_erase(std::size
 	--m_size;
 	m_items[pos] = std::move(m_items[m_size]);
 	m_items[m_size].~T();
-	return ox::Error(0);
+	return {};
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr ox::Error Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::remove(T const &val) {
+constexpr ox::Error Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::remove(MaybeView_t<T> const &val) {
 	for (size_t i{}; auto const &v : *this) {
 		if (v == val) {
 			return erase(i).error;
@@ -672,18 +680,18 @@ constexpr ox::Error Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::remove(T const &val)
 	return ox::Error{1, "element not found"};
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserve(std::size_t cap) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserve(size_t cap) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (cap <= m_cap) {
 		return;
 	}
-	const auto oldItems = m_items;
+	auto const oldItems = m_items;
-	const auto oldCap = m_cap;
+	auto const oldCap = m_cap;
 	m_cap = cap;
 	this->allocate(&m_items, cap);
 	if (oldItems) { // move over old items
-		const auto itRange = ox::min(cap, m_size);
+		auto const itRange = ox::min(cap, m_size);
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < itRange; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < itRange; ++i) {
 			std::construct_at(&m_items[i], std::move(oldItems[i]));
 			oldItems[i].~T();
 		}
@@ -691,17 +699,17 @@ constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserve(std::size_t cap) n
 	}
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::shrink_to_fit() noexcept(useNoexcept)  {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
 		return;
 	}
-	const auto oldItems = m_items;
+	auto const oldItems = m_items;
-	const auto oldCap = m_cap;
+	auto const oldCap = m_cap;
 	m_cap = m_size;
 	this->allocate(&m_items, m_size);
 	if (oldItems) { // move over old items
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
 			std::construct_at(&m_items[i], std::move(oldItems[i]));
 			oldItems[i].~T();
 		}
@@ -709,26 +717,26 @@ constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::shrink_to_fit() noexcept(u
 	}
 }
 
-template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+template<typename T, size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserveInsert(
-		std::size_t cap,
+		size_t cap,
-		std::size_t pos,
+		size_t pos,
-		std::size_t offset) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+		size_t offset) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (cap <= m_cap) {
 		return;
 	}
-	const auto oldItems = m_items;
+	auto const oldItems = m_items;
-	const auto oldCap = m_cap;
+	auto const oldCap = m_cap;
 	m_cap = cap;
 	this->allocate(&m_items, cap);
 	if (oldItems) { // move over old items
 		auto itRange = ox::min(m_size, pos);
-		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < itRange; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < itRange; ++i) {
 			std::construct_at(&m_items[i], std::move(oldItems[i]));
 			oldItems[i].~T();
 		}
 		itRange = m_size;
-		for (std::size_t i = pos; i < itRange; ++i) {
+		for (size_t i = pos; i < itRange; ++i) {
 			std::construct_at(&m_items[i + offset], std::move(oldItems[i]));
 			oldItems[i].~T();
 		}
@@ -739,8 +747,8 @@ constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserveInsert(
 
 template<typename PlatSpec, typename T>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto alignOf(const Vector<T>&) noexcept {
+constexpr auto alignOf(Vector<T> const&) noexcept {
-	const typename PlatSpec::size_t i = 0;
+	typename PlatSpec::size_t const i = 0;
 	return PlatSpec::alignOf(i);
 }
 

deps/teagba/include/teagba/addresses.hpp

@@ -5,103 +5,117 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <ox/std/array.hpp>
-#include <ox/std/types.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/units.hpp>
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Interrupt Handler
 
-using interrupt_handler = void (*)();
+using InterruptHandler = void(*)();
-#define REG_ISR *reinterpret_cast<interrupt_handler*>(0x0300'7FFC)
+#define REG_ISR (*reinterpret_cast<InterruptHandler*>(0x0300'7FFC))
-#define REG_IE  *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0200)
+#define REG_IE  (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0200))
-#define REG_IF  *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0202)
+#define REG_IF  (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0202))
-#define REG_IME *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0208)
+#define REG_IME (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0208))
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Display Registers
 
-#define REG_DISPCTL  *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0000)
+#define REG_DISPCTL  (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0000))
-#define REG_DISPSTAT *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0004)
+#define REG_DISPSTAT (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0004))
-#define REG_VCOUNT   *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0006)
+#define REG_VCOUNT   (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0006))
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Timers
 
-#define REG_TIMER0    *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0100)
+#define REG_TIMER0    (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0100))
-#define REG_TIMER0CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0102)
+#define REG_TIMER0CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0102))
 
-#define REG_TIMER1    *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0104)
+#define REG_TIMER1    (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0104))
-#define REG_TIMER1CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0106)
+#define REG_TIMER1CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0106))
 
-#define REG_TIMER2    *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0108)
+#define REG_TIMER2    (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0108))
-#define REG_TIMER2CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'010a)
+#define REG_TIMER2CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'010a))
 
-#define REG_TIMER3    *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'010c)
+#define REG_TIMER3    (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'010c))
-#define REG_TIMER3CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'010e)
+#define REG_TIMER3CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'010e))
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // background registers
 
 // background control registers
 using BgCtl = uint16_t;
-#define REG_BG0CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'0008)
+#define REG_BG0CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'0008))
-#define REG_BG1CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'000a)
+#define REG_BG1CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'000a))
-#define REG_BG2CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'000c)
+#define REG_BG2CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'000c))
-#define REG_BG3CTL *reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'000e)
+#define REG_BG3CTL (*reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'000e))
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-inline volatile BgCtl &regBgCtl(uintptr_t bgIdx) noexcept {
+inline volatile BgCtl &regBgCtl(uintptr_t const bgIdx) noexcept {
 	return *reinterpret_cast<volatile BgCtl*>(0x0400'0008 + 2 * bgIdx);
 }
 
 // background horizontal scrolling registers
-#define REG_BG0HOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0010)
+#define REG_BG0HOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0010))
-#define REG_BG1HOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0014)
+#define REG_BG1HOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0014))
-#define REG_BG2HOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0018)
+#define REG_BG2HOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0018))
-#define REG_BG3HOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'001c)
+#define REG_BG3HOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'001c))
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-inline volatile uint32_t &regBgHofs(auto bgIdx) noexcept {
+volatile int16_t &regBgHofs(auto const bgIdx) noexcept {
-	return *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0010 + 4 * bgIdx);
+	return *reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0010 + 4 * bgIdx);
 }
 
 // background vertical scrolling registers
-#define REG_BG0VOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0012)
+#define REG_BG0VOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0012))
-#define REG_BG1VOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0016)
+#define REG_BG1VOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0016))
-#define REG_BG2VOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'001a)
+#define REG_BG2VOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'001a))
-#define REG_BG3VOFS *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'001e)
+#define REG_BG3VOFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'001e))
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-inline volatile uint32_t &regBgVofs(auto bgIdx) noexcept {
+volatile int16_t &regBgVofs(auto const bgIdx) noexcept {
-	return *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t*>(0x0400'0012 + 4 * bgIdx);
+	return *reinterpret_cast<volatile int16_t*>(0x0400'0012 + 4 * bgIdx);
+}
+
+// background scrolling registers
+
+struct OffsetPair {
+	int16_t x{}, y{};
+};
+
+#define REG_BG0OFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile OffsetPair*>(0x0400'0010))
+#define REG_BG1OFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile OffsetPair*>(0x0400'0014))
+#define REG_BG2OFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile OffsetPair*>(0x0400'0018))
+#define REG_BG3OFS (*reinterpret_cast<volatile OffsetPair*>(0x0400'001c))
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+volatile OffsetPair &regBgOfs(auto const bgIdx) noexcept {
+	return *reinterpret_cast<volatile OffsetPair*>(0x0400'0010 + sizeof(OffsetPair) * bgIdx);
 }
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // User Input
 
-#define REG_GAMEPAD *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0130)
+#define REG_GAMEPAD (*reinterpret_cast<volatile uint16_t*>(0x0400'0130))
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Memory Addresses
 
-#define MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(0x0200'0000)
+#define MEM_EWRAM (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<uint16_t, 0x0203'FFFF - 0x0200'0000>*>(0x0200'0000)))
-#define MEM_EWRAM_END   reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(0x0203'FFFF)
 
-#define MEM_IWRAM_BEGIN reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(0x0300'0000)
+#define MEM_IWRAM (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<uint8_t, 0x0300'7FFF - 0x0300'0000>*>(0x0300'0000)))
-#define MEM_IWRAM_END   reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(0x0300'7FFF)
 
-#define REG_BLNDCTL *reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0x0400'0050)
+#define REG_BLNDCTL (*reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0x0400'0050))
 
-#define MEM_BG_PALETTE reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0x0500'0000)
+using Palette = ox::Array<uint16_t, 128>;
-#define MEM_SPRITE_PALETTE reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0x0500'0200)
+#define MEM_BG_PALETTE (*(reinterpret_cast<::Palette*>(0x0500'0000)))
+#define MEM_SPRITE_PALETTE (*(reinterpret_cast<::Palette*>(0x0500'0200)))
 
 using BgMapTile = ox::Array<uint16_t, 8192>;
-#define MEM_BG_TILES reinterpret_cast<BgMapTile*>(0x0600'0000)
+#define MEM_BG_TILES (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<BgMapTile, 4>*>(0x0600'0000)))
-#define MEM_BG_MAP reinterpret_cast<BgMapTile*>(0x0600'e000)
+#define MEM_BG_MAP (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<BgMapTile, 4>*>(0x0600'e000)))
 
-#define MEM_SPRITE_TILES reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0x0601'0000)
+#define MEM_SPRITE_TILES (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<uint16_t, 32 * ox::units::KB>*>(0x0601'0000)))
-#define MEM_OAM reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(0x0700'0000)
+#define MEM_OAM (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<uint64_t, 64>*>(0x0700'0000)))
 
-#define MEM_ROM reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x0800'0000)
+#define MEM_ROM (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<char, 32 * ox::units::MB>*>(0x0700'0000)))
 
-#define MEM_SRAM reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x0e00'0000)
+#define MEM_SRAM (*(reinterpret_cast<ox::Array<char, 64 * ox::units::KB>*>(0x0e00'0000)))
-#define MEM_SRAM_SIZE 65535

deps/teagba/include/teagba/gfx.hpp

@@ -37,8 +37,10 @@ struct OX_ALIGN8 GbaSpriteAttrUpdate {
 
 GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &spriteAttr(size_t i) noexcept;
 
-void addSpriteUpdate(const GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &upd) noexcept;
+void addSpriteUpdate(GbaSpriteAttrUpdate const &upd) noexcept;
 
 void applySpriteUpdates() noexcept;
 
+void setBgOffset(uint16_t bg, int16_t x, int16_t y) noexcept;
+
 }

deps/teagba/src/cstartup.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * Copyright 2016 - 2024 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
  */
 
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+
 #include <ox/std/heapmgr.hpp>
 
 #include <teagba/bios.hpp>
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ extern void (*__preinit_array_end[]) (void);
 extern void (*__init_array_start[]) (void);
 extern void (*__init_array_end[]) (void);
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int main(int argc, char const **argv);
 
 extern "C" {
 
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ void __libc_init_array() {
 }
 
 int c_start() {
-	const char *args[2] = {"", "rom.oxfs"};
+	char const *args[2] = {"", "rom.oxfs"};
 	ox::heapmgr::initHeap(HEAP_BEGIN, HEAP_END);
 	mgba::initConsole();
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
@@ -58,3 +60,5 @@ int c_start() {
 }
 
 }
+
+#endif

deps/teagba/src/gfx.cpp

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ namespace teagba {
 
 static ox::Array<GbaSpriteAttrUpdate, 128> g_spriteBuffer;
 
-GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &spriteAttr(size_t i) noexcept {
+GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &spriteAttr(size_t const i) noexcept {
 	return g_spriteBuffer[i];
 }
 
-void addSpriteUpdate(const GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &upd) noexcept {
+void addSpriteUpdate(GbaSpriteAttrUpdate const &upd) noexcept {
 	const auto ie = REG_IE; // disable vblank interrupt handler
-	REG_IE = REG_IE & static_cast<uint16_t>(~teagba::Int_vblank); // disable vblank interrupt handler
+	REG_IE = REG_IE & static_cast<uint16_t>(~Int_vblank); // disable vblank interrupt handler
 	g_spriteBuffer[upd.idx] = upd;
 	REG_IE = ie; // enable vblank interrupt handler
 }
@@ -29,4 +29,10 @@ void applySpriteUpdates() noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
+void setBgOffset(uint16_t const bg, int16_t const x, int16_t const y) noexcept {
+	auto &o = regBgOfs(bg);
+	o.x = x;
+	o.y = y;
+}
+
 }

developer-handbook.md

@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ All components have a platform indicator next to them:
       * opengl - OpenGL implementation (P-)
       * studio - studio plugin for core (P-)
       * keel - keel plugin for core (PG)
-    * scene - defines & processes map data (PG)
+    * sound - sound system for Nostalgia (PG)
-      * studio - studio plugin for scene (P-)
+      * studio - studio plugin for sound (P-)
-      * keel - keel plugin for scene (PG)
+      * keel - keel plugin for sound (PG)
   * player - plays the games (PG)
   * studio - makes the games (P-)
   * tools - command line tools (P-)
@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ The GBA has two major resources for learning about its hardware:
 
 On the surface, it seems like C++ changes the way we do things from C for no
 reason, but there are reasons for many of these duplications of functionality.
-The C++ language designers aren't stupid. Question them, but don't ignore them.
+The C++ language designers aren't stupid.
+Question them, but don't ignore them.
 
 #### Casting
 
@@ -163,10 +164,11 @@ The Ox way of doing things is the Olympic way of doing things.
 ### Error Handling
 
 Instead of throwing exceptions, generally try to use
-[ox::Errors](deps/ox/ox-docs.md#error-handling) for error reporting,
+[ox::Error](deps/ox/ox-docs.md#error-handling) for error reporting.
-but exceptions may be used where they make sense.
+Exceptions may be used where errors-as-values will not work, but catch them and
+convert them to ```ox::Error``` as soon as possible.
 
-Exceptions should generally just use ```OxException```, which is bascially an
+Exceptions should generally just use ```ox::Exception```, which is basically an
 exception form of ```ox::Error```.
 
 ### File I/O

release-notes.md

@@ -1,4 +1,60 @@
-# d2025.02
+# NEXT
+
+* Add Get Info file dialog option in project explorer
+
+# d2025.07.0
+
+* Add sub-command for exporting TileSheets as PNG files.
+* Add 'Reload Project' menu item under File.
+* Fix opening a project to mark an unopenable file as closed in the config file on startup.
+
+# d2025.06.0
+
+* Add ability to remember recent projects in config
+* Add navigation support (back and forward)
+* Fix file deletion to close file even if not active
+* Fix file copy to work when creating a copy with the name of a previously
+  deleted file
+* Fix crash that could occur after switching projects
+* Make file picker popup accept on double click of a file
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix copy/cut/paste enablement when there is no selection
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix manual redo of draw actions, fix drawing to pixel 0, 0
+  as first action
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix draw command to work on same pixel after switching
+  subsheets
+* PaletteEditor: Add RGB key shortcuts for focusing color channels
+* PaletteEditor: Add color preview to color editor
+
+# d2025.05.1
+
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix overrun errors when switching subsheets, clear selection
+  on switch (261e324acd)
+* Fix new build error that occurs in MSVC (26d5048e6720c4c2d52508a6ee44c67dd9fe3ee5)
+
+# d2025.05.0
+
+* Add app icon for both window and file
+* Change application font to Roboto Medium
+* Closing application will now confirm with user if any files have unsaved
+  changes.
+* UUID duplicates will now be reported when opening a project.
+* Deleting a directory now closes files in that directory.
+* Delete key now initiates deletion of selected directory.
+* Remove ability to re-order tabs. There were bugs associated with that.
+* Mac: Menu bar shortcuts now say Cmd instead of Ctrl.
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix selection clearing to work when clicking outside image.
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix Delete Tile functionality, which was completely broken
+* TileSheetEditor: Fix Insert Tile functionality, which was completely broken
+* PaletteEditor: Fix color number key range. Previously, pressing A caused the
+  editor to jump to the last color.
+* PaletteEditor: Page rename will now take effect upon pressing enter if the
+  text input has focus
+
+# d2025.02.1
+
+* Fix closing tab with unsaved changes (a44c5acc4b)
+
+# d2025.02.0
 
 * Rename core namespace to gfx.
 * Add PaletteV5 to accommodate namespace change.

sample_project/Palettes/SC9K_Logo.npal

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+K1;3d1a77ec-265f-4905-2061-4f1003ee2189;O1;net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.gfx.Palette;5;{
+	"colorNames" : 
+	[
+		"Color 1",
+		"Color 2",
+		"Color 3"
+	],
+	"pages" : 
+	[
+		{
+			"colors" : 
+			[
+				{
+					"b" : 10,
+					"g" : 5,
+					"r" : 5
+				},
+				{},
+				{
+					"b" : 31,
+					"g" : 31,
+					"r" : 31
+				}
+			],
+			"name" : "Page 1"
+		}
+	]
+}

sample_project/TileSheets/NS_Logo16.nts

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+K1;e7ae945e-d6c5-4444-5738-be95b4e5937a;O1;net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.gfx.TileSheet;5;{
+	"bpp" : 4,
+	"defaultPalette" : "uuid://c79f21e2-f74f-4ad9-90ed-32b0ef7da6ed",
+	"subsheet" : 
+	{
+		"columns" : 2,
+		"name" : "Root",
+		"pixels" : 
+		[
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			3,
+			3,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			2,
+			3,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			3,
+			2,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			3,
+			3,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			1,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0
+		],
+		"rows" : 2
+	}
+}