[keel,studio] Add support for New Item templates

.gitignore

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 .mypy_cache
 .stfolder
 .stignore
-scripts/__pycache__
+util/scripts/__pycache__
 pyenv
 CMakeLists.txt.user
 ROM.oxfs

Makefile

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME=nostalgia
 BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME_CAP=Nostalgia
+BC_VAR_DEVENV_ROOT=util
 BUILDCORE_PATH=deps/buildcore
 include ${BUILDCORE_PATH}/base.mk
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ endif
 
 .PHONY: pkg-gba
 pkg-gba: build
-	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./scripts/pkg-gba.py sample_project ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./util/scripts/pkg-gba.py sample_project ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}
 
 .PHONY: run
 run: build

deps/gbabuildcore/base.cmake

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake/modules)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -nostdlib")
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -nostdinc++")
-set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-unwind-tables")
-set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-exceptions")
+#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-unwind-tables")
+#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-exceptions")
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-rtti")
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-strict-aliasing")
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -mthumb-interwork")

deps/glad/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,11 @@
-add_library(glad OBJECT src/glad.c)
+add_library(glad src/glad.c)
+
 target_include_directories(glad PUBLIC include)
+
+install(
+	TARGETS
+		glad
+	DESTINATION
+		LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
+		ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
+)

deps/imgui/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ endif()
 # DrinkingTea: end
 
 add_library(
-	imgui OBJECT
+	imgui
 		imgui.cpp
 		imgui_demo.cpp
 		imgui_draw.cpp
@@ -20,3 +20,11 @@ target_include_directories(
 	imgui SYSTEM PUBLIC
 		.
 )
+
+install(
+	TARGETS
+		imgui
+	DESTINATION
+		LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
+		ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
+)

deps/ox/src/ox/event/signal.hpp

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ Error Signal<Args...>::emitCheckError(Args... args) const noexcept {
 		}
 		return ox::Error(0);
 	} catch (const ox::Exception &ex) {
-		return ox::Error(ex.file, ex.line, ex.errCode, ex.msg);
+		return ox::Error(ex.errCode, ex.msg, ex.src);
 	}
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/logconn/def.hpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     { \
 		const auto loggerErr = (loggerName).initConn(appName); \
 		if (loggerErr) { \
-			oxErrf("Could not connect to logger: {} ({}:{})\n", toStr(loggerErr), loggerErr.file, loggerErr.line); \
+			oxErrf("Could not connect to logger: {} ({}:{})\n", toStr(loggerErr), loggerErr.src.file_name(), loggerErr.src.line()); \
 		} else { \
 			ox::trace::setLogger(&(loggerName)); \
 		} \

deps/ox/src/ox/model/typenamecatcher.hpp

@@ -140,16 +140,16 @@ constexpr Str getModelTypeName() noexcept {
 	return out;
 }
 
-template<typename T>
+template<typename T, typename Str = const char*>
 [[nodiscard]]
 consteval auto requireModelTypeName() noexcept {
-	constexpr auto name = getModelTypeName<T>();
+	constexpr auto name = getModelTypeName<T, Str>();
 	static_assert(ox::StringView{name}.len(), "Type lacks required TypeName");
 	return name;
 }
 
 template<typename T, typename Str = const char*>
-constexpr auto ModelTypeName_v = getModelTypeName<T, Str>();
+constexpr auto ModelTypeName_v = requireModelTypeName<T, Str>();
 
 template<typename T, typename Str = const char*>
 constexpr auto ModelTypeVersion_v = requireModelTypeVersion<T>();

deps/ox/src/ox/std/algorithm.hpp

@@ -9,13 +9,25 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "def.hpp"
+#include "error.hpp"
 
 OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
 
 namespace ox {
 
 template<typename It, typename T>
-constexpr It find(It begin, It end, const T &value) {
+constexpr ox::Result<size_t> findIdx(It begin, It end, T const&value) {
+	auto it = begin;
+	for (; it != end; ++it) {
+		if (*it == value) {
+			return it.offset();
+		}
+	}
+	return ox::Error{1, "item not found"};
+}
+
+template<typename It, typename T>
+constexpr It find(It begin, It end, T const&value) {
 	for (; begin != end; ++begin) {
 		if (*begin == value) {
 			return begin;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/anyptr.hpp

@@ -15,16 +15,20 @@
 
 namespace ox {
 
-class AnyPtr {
+namespace detail {
+
+template<bool unique>
+class AnyPtrT {
 	private:
 		struct WrapBase {
 			virtual constexpr ~WrapBase() = default;
 			virtual constexpr WrapBase *copyTo(ox::Span<char> s) noexcept = 0;
 			virtual constexpr operator bool() const noexcept = 0;
+			virtual void free() noexcept = 0;
 		};
 
 		template<typename T>
-		struct Wrap: public WrapBase {
+		struct Wrap final: WrapBase {
 			T *data{};
 			constexpr Wrap(T *pData) noexcept: data(pData) {
 			}
@@ -39,16 +43,20 @@ class AnyPtr {
 			constexpr operator bool() const noexcept override {
 				return data != nullptr;
 			}
+			constexpr void free() noexcept override {
+				ox::safeDelete(data);
+				data = {};
+			}
 		};
 
 		WrapBase *m_wrapPtr{};
 		ox::Array<char, sizeof(Wrap<void*>)> m_wrapData;
 
 	public:
-		constexpr AnyPtr() noexcept = default;
+		constexpr AnyPtrT() noexcept = default;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr AnyPtr(T *ptr) noexcept {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT(T *ptr) noexcept {
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 				m_wrapPtr = new Wrap(ptr);
 			} else {
@@ -56,22 +64,39 @@ class AnyPtr {
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr AnyPtr(AnyPtr const&other) noexcept {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT(AnyPtrT const&other) noexcept {
 			if (other) {
 				m_wrapPtr = other.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
 			}
 		}
 
-		constexpr ~AnyPtr() noexcept {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT(AnyPtrT &&other) noexcept {
+			if (other) {
+				m_wrapPtr = other.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
+				if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+					ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+				}
+				other.m_wrapPtr = {};
+			}
+		}
+
+		constexpr ~AnyPtrT() noexcept {
+			if constexpr(unique) {
+				free();
+			}
 			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 				ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
 			}
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr AnyPtr &operator=(T *ptr) noexcept {
-			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT &operator=(T *ptr) noexcept {
+			if constexpr(unique) {
+				free();
+			} else if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 				ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+			}
+			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 				m_wrapPtr = new Wrap(ptr);
 			} else {
 				m_wrapPtr = new(m_wrapData.data()) Wrap(ptr);
@@ -79,10 +104,14 @@ class AnyPtr {
 			return *this;
 		}
 
-		constexpr AnyPtr &operator=(AnyPtr const&ptr) noexcept {
+		constexpr AnyPtrT &operator=(AnyPtrT const&ptr) noexcept {
 			if (this != &ptr) {
-				if (ptr) {
+				if constexpr(unique) {
+					free();
+				} else if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 					ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+				}
+				if (ptr) {
 					m_wrapPtr = ptr.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
 				} else {
 					m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
@@ -91,10 +120,40 @@ class AnyPtr {
 			return *this;
 		}
 
+		constexpr AnyPtrT &operator=(AnyPtrT &&ptr) noexcept {
+			if (this != &ptr) {
+				if constexpr(unique) {
+					free();
+				} else if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+					ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+				}
+				if (ptr) {
+					m_wrapPtr = ptr.m_wrapPtr->copyTo(m_wrapData);
+					if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+						ox::safeDelete(ptr.m_wrapPtr);
+						ptr.m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+					}
+				} else {
+					m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+				}
+			}
+			return *this;
+		}
+
 		constexpr operator bool() const noexcept {
 			return m_wrapPtr && *m_wrapPtr;
 		}
 
+		constexpr void free() noexcept {
+			if (m_wrapPtr) {
+				m_wrapPtr->free();
+			}
+			if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
+				ox::safeDelete(m_wrapPtr);
+			}
+			m_wrapPtr = nullptr;
+		}
+
 		template<typename T>
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr T *get() const noexcept {
@@ -104,6 +163,12 @@ class AnyPtr {
 			return dynamic_cast<Wrap<T>*>(m_wrapPtr)->data;
 #endif
 		}
+
 };
 
 }
+
+using AnyPtr = detail::AnyPtrT<false>;
+using UAnyPtr = detail::AnyPtrT<true>;
+
+}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/assert.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "fmt.hpp"
+#include "realstd.hpp"
 #include "stacktrace.hpp"
 #include "trace.hpp"
 
@@ -14,14 +15,14 @@
 
 namespace ox {
 
-void panic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg, const Error &err) noexcept {
+void panic(StringViewCR file, int const line, StringViewCR panicMsg, Error const&err) noexcept {
 	oxErrf("\033[31;1;1mPANIC:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, panicMsg);
 	if (err.msg) {
 		oxErrf("\tError Message:\t{}\n", err.msg);
 	}
 	oxErrf("\tError Code:\t{}\n", static_cast<ErrorCode>(err));
-	if (err.file != nullptr) {
-		oxErrf("\tError Location:\t{}:{}\n", err.file, err.line);
+	if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
+		oxErrf("\tError Location:\t{}:{}\n", err.src.file_name(), err.src.line());
 	}
 #ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
 	printStackTrace(2);
@@ -32,16 +33,19 @@ void panic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg, const Error &err)
 #endif
 }
 
-void panic(const char *file, int line, const char *panicMsg, const Error &err) noexcept {
+void panic(const char *file, int const line, char const*panicMsg, Error const&err) noexcept {
 	panic(StringView{file}, line, StringView{panicMsg}, err);
 }
 
-void assertFailFuncRuntime(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR assertTxt, StringViewCR msg) noexcept {
+void assertFailFuncRuntime(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int const line,
+	StringViewCR assertTxt,
+	StringViewCR msg) noexcept {
 #ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
-	auto output = sfmt("\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, msg);
-	output += genStackTrace(2);
-	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]", msg, assertTxt, file, line);
-	std::abort();
+	auto const st = genStackTrace(2);
+	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]:\n{}", msg, assertTxt, file, line, st);
+	abort();
 #else
 	oxErrf("\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, msg);
 	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} ({}) [{}:{}]", msg, assertTxt, file, line);
@@ -49,20 +53,25 @@ void assertFailFuncRuntime(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR assertTxt,
 #endif
 }
 
-void assertFailFuncRuntime(StringViewCR file, int line, [[maybe_unused]] const Error &err, StringViewCR, StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept {
+void assertFailFuncRuntime(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int const line,
+	[[maybe_unused]] Error const&err,
+	StringViewCR,
+	StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept {
 #if defined(OX_USE_STDLIB)
 	auto msg = sfmt("\n\033[31;1;1mASSERT FAILURE:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, assertMsg);
 	if (err.msg) {
 		msg += sfmt("\tError Message:\t{}\n", err.msg);
 	}
 	msg += sfmt("\tError Code:\t{}\n", static_cast<ErrorCode>(err));
-	if (err.file != nullptr) {
-		msg += sfmt("\tError Location:\t{}:{}\n", err.file, err.line);
+	if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
+		msg += sfmt("\tError Location:\t{}:{}\n", err.src.file_name(), err.src.line());
 	}
 	msg += genStackTrace(2);
 	oxErr(msg);
 	oxTracef("assert", "Failed assert: {} [{}:{}]", assertMsg, file, line);
-	std::abort();
+	abort();
 #else
 	constexprPanic(file, line, assertMsg);
 #endif

deps/ox/src/ox/std/assert.hpp

@@ -22,9 +22,15 @@
 
 namespace ox {
 
-void panic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg, const Error &err = ox::Error(0)) noexcept;
+[[noreturn]]
+void panic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg, Error const&err = {}) noexcept;
 
-constexpr void constexprPanic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg, const Error &err = ox::Error(0)) noexcept {
+[[noreturn]]
+constexpr void constexprPanic(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int const line,
+	StringViewCR panicMsg,
+	Error const&err = {}) noexcept {
 	if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 		panic(file, line, panicMsg, err);
 	} else {
@@ -32,10 +38,24 @@ constexpr void constexprPanic(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR panicMsg
 	}
 }
 
-void assertFailFuncRuntime(StringViewCR file, int line, StringViewCR assertTxt, StringViewCR msg) noexcept;
-void assertFailFuncRuntime(StringViewCR file, int line, const Error &err, StringViewCR, StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept;
+void assertFailFuncRuntime(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int line,
+	StringViewCR assertTxt,
+	StringViewCR msg) noexcept;
+void assertFailFuncRuntime(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int line,
+	Error const&err,
+	StringViewCR,
+	StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept;
 
-constexpr void assertFunc(StringViewCR file, int line, bool pass, [[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR assertTxt, [[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR msg) noexcept {
+constexpr void assertFunc(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int const line,
+	bool const pass,
+	[[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR assertTxt,
+	[[maybe_unused]]StringViewCR msg) noexcept {
 	if (!pass) {
 		if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 			assertFailFuncRuntime(file, line, assertTxt, msg);
@@ -45,7 +65,12 @@ constexpr void assertFunc(StringViewCR file, int line, bool pass, [[maybe_unused
 	}
 }
 
-constexpr void assertFunc(StringViewCR file, int line, const Error &err, StringViewCR, StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept {
+constexpr void assertFunc(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int const line,
+	Error const&err,
+	StringViewCR,
+	StringViewCR assertMsg) noexcept {
 	if (err) {
 		if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 			assertFailFuncRuntime(file, line, err, {}, assertMsg);
@@ -55,7 +80,11 @@ constexpr void assertFunc(StringViewCR file, int line, const Error &err, StringV
 	}
 }
 
-constexpr void expect(StringViewCR file, int line, const auto &actual, const auto &expected) noexcept {
+constexpr void expect(
+	StringViewCR file,
+	int const line,
+	auto const&actual,
+	auto const&expected) noexcept {
 	if (actual != expected) {
 		 if (!std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
 #if defined(OX_USE_STDLIB)

deps/ox/src/ox/std/error.hpp

@@ -36,28 +36,16 @@ using ErrorCode = uint16_t;
 
 
 struct [[nodiscard]] Error {
+	std::source_location src;
 	ox::CString msg = nullptr;
-	ox::CString file = nullptr;
-	uint16_t line = 0;
 	ErrorCode errCode = 0;
 
 	constexpr Error() noexcept = default;
 
-	explicit constexpr Error(
-		ox::CString file,
-		uint32_t const line,
-		ErrorCode const errCode,
-		ox::CString msg = nullptr) noexcept:
-		msg{msg},
-		file{file},
-		line{static_cast<uint16_t>(line)},
-		errCode{errCode} {}
-
 	explicit constexpr Error(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
 		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
-		file{src.file_name()},
-		line{static_cast<uint16_t>(src.line())},
+		src{src},
 		errCode{errCode}
 	{}
 
@@ -65,9 +53,8 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Error {
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
 		ox::CString msg,
 		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
+		src{src},
 		msg{msg},
-		file{src.file_name()},
-		line{static_cast<uint16_t>(src.line())},
 		errCode{errCode}
 	{}
 
@@ -89,42 +76,31 @@ constexpr auto toStr(Error const&err) noexcept {
 }
 
 struct Exception: public std::exception {
+	std::source_location src;
 	ox::CString msg = nullptr;
-	ox::CString file = nullptr;
-	uint16_t line = 0;
 	ErrorCode errCode = 0;
 
-	explicit inline Exception(ox::CString file, uint32_t line, ErrorCode errCode, char const*msg = "") noexcept {
-		this->file = file;
-		this->line = static_cast<uint16_t>(line);
-		this->msg = msg;
-		this->errCode = errCode;
-	}
-
-	explicit inline Exception(
+	explicit Exception(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
 		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
-		file{src.file_name()},
-		line{static_cast<uint16_t>(src.line())},
+		src{src},
 		errCode{errCode} {}
 
-	explicit inline Exception(
+	explicit Exception(
 		ErrorCode const errCode,
 		ox::CString msg,
 		std::source_location const&src = std::source_location::current()) noexcept:
+		src{src},
 		msg{msg},
-		file{src.file_name()},
-		line{static_cast<uint16_t>(src.line())},
 		errCode{errCode} {}
 
-	explicit inline Exception(Error const&err) noexcept:
+	explicit Exception(Error const&err) noexcept:
+		src{err.src},
 		msg{err.msg ? err.msg : ""},
-		file{err.file},
-		line{err.line},
 		errCode{err.errCode} {}
 
 	constexpr Error toError() const noexcept {
-		return Error(file, line, errCode, msg);
+		return Error(errCode, msg, src);
 	}
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
@@ -133,6 +109,7 @@ struct Exception: public std::exception {
 	}
 };
 
+[[noreturn]]
 void panic(char const*file, int line, char const*panicMsg, Error const&err) noexcept;
 
 template<typename T>

deps/ox/src/ox/std/reader.hpp

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ concept Reader_c = requires(T v) {
 class Reader_v {
 	public:
 		virtual constexpr ~Reader_v() noexcept = default;
-		[[nodiscard]]
 		virtual constexpr ox::Result<char> peek() const noexcept = 0;
 		virtual constexpr ox::Result<std::size_t> read(char*, std::size_t) noexcept = 0;
 		virtual constexpr ox::Result<std::size_t> tellg() noexcept = 0;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/realstd.hpp

@@ -13,3 +13,12 @@
 #else
 #define	assert(e) while (!(e));
 #endif
+
+#if __has_include(<cstdlib>)
+#include <cstdlib>
+#else
+extern "C" {
+[[noreturn]]
+void abort();
+}
+#endif

deps/ox/src/ox/std/smallmap.hpp

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ class SmallMap {
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr Vector<K> keys() const noexcept;
 
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr Vector<T> values() const noexcept;
+
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr K const&key(size_t i) const noexcept;
 
@@ -82,14 +85,22 @@ class SmallMap {
 			return m_pairs;
 		}
 
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr ox::Span<Pair> pairs() noexcept {
+			return m_pairs;
+		}
+
 		constexpr void clear();
 
 	private:
 		template<typename KK>
-		constexpr Pair const&access(PairVector const&pairs, KK const&key, bool &isNew) const;
+		constexpr Pair const*access(PairVector const&pairs, KK const&key, bool &isNew) const;
 
 		template<typename KK>
-		constexpr Pair &access(PairVector &pairs, KK const&key, bool &isNew);
+		constexpr Pair *access(PairVector &pairs, KK const&key, bool &isNew);
+
+		template<typename KK>
+		constexpr Pair *accessNoCreate(PairVector &pairs, KK const&key);
 
 };
 
@@ -129,7 +140,7 @@ constexpr SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz> &SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::operator=(SmallMap<K
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 constexpr T &SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::operator[](MaybeView_t<K> const&k) {
 	bool isNew{};
-	auto p = &access(m_pairs, k, isNew);
+	auto p = access(m_pairs, k, isNew);
 	if (isNew) {
 		p->key = k;
 	}
@@ -138,7 +149,7 @@ constexpr T &SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::operator[](MaybeView_t<K> const&k) {
 
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 constexpr Result<T*> SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::at(MaybeView_t<K> const&k) noexcept {
-	auto p = access(m_pairs, k);
+	auto const p = accessNoCreate(m_pairs, k);
 	if (!p) {
 		return {nullptr, ox::Error(1, "value not found for given key")};
 	}
@@ -147,7 +158,8 @@ constexpr Result<T*> SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::at(MaybeView_t<K> const&k) noexcep
 
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 constexpr Result<const T*> SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::at(MaybeView_t<K> const&k) const noexcept {
-	auto p = access(m_pairs, k);
+	bool isNew{};
+	auto p = access(m_pairs, k, isNew);
 	if (!p) {
 		return {nullptr, ox::Error(1, "value not found for given key")};
 	}
@@ -168,7 +180,8 @@ constexpr void SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::erase(MaybeView_t<K> const&k) {
 
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 constexpr bool SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::contains(MaybeView_t<K> const&k) const noexcept {
-	return access(m_pairs, k) != nullptr;
+	bool isNew{};
+	return access(m_pairs, k, isNew) != nullptr;
 }
 
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
@@ -186,6 +199,16 @@ constexpr Vector<K> SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::keys() const noexcept {
 	return keys;
 }
 
+template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
+constexpr Vector<T> SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::values() const noexcept {
+	ox::Vector<T> keys;
+	keys.reserve(m_pairs.size());
+	for (auto const&p : m_pairs) {
+		keys.emplace_back(p.key);
+	}
+	return keys;
+}
+
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 constexpr K const&SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::key(size_t i) const noexcept {
 	return m_pairs[i].key;
@@ -218,30 +241,42 @@ constexpr void SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::clear() {
 
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 template<typename KK>
-constexpr typename SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::Pair const&SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::access(
+constexpr typename SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::Pair const*SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::access(
 		PairVector const&pairs, KK const&k, bool &isNew) const {
 	for (auto const&p : pairs) {
 		if (p.key == k) {
 			isNew = false;
-			return p;
+			return &p;
 		}
 	}
 	isNew = true;
-	return pairs.emplace_back();
+	return nullptr;
 }
 
 template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
 template<typename KK>
-constexpr typename SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::Pair &SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::access(
+constexpr typename SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::Pair *SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::access(
 		PairVector &pairs, KK const&k, bool &isNew) {
 	for (auto &p : pairs) {
 		if (p.key == k) {
 			isNew = false;
-			return p;
+			return &p;
 		}
 	}
 	isNew = true;
-	return pairs.emplace_back();
+	return &pairs.emplace_back();
+}
+
+template<typename K, typename T, size_t SmallSz>
+template<typename KK>
+constexpr typename SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::Pair *SmallMap<K, T, SmallSz>::accessNoCreate(
+		PairVector &pairs, KK const&k) {
+	for (auto &p : pairs) {
+		if (p.key == k) {
+			return &p;
+		}
+	}
+	return nullptr;
 }
 
 template<typename T, typename K, typename V, size_t SmallSz>

deps/ox/src/ox/std/span.hpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include "iterator.hpp"
 #include "vector.hpp"
 
-OX_CLANG_NOWARN_BEGIN(-Wunsafe-buffer-usage)
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_BEGIN
 
 namespace ox {
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class Span {
 			return m_items[i];
 		}
 
-		constexpr const T &operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
+		constexpr T const&operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
 			ox::primitiveAssert(__FILE__, __LINE__, i < size(), "Span access overflow");
 			return m_items[i];
 		}
@@ -168,8 +168,20 @@ class Span {
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-using SpanView = Span<const T>;
+using SpanView = Span<T const>;
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr void spancpy(ox::Span<T> const dst, ox::SpanView<T> const src) noexcept {
+	auto const sz = ox::min(dst.size(), src.size());
+	if (std::is_constant_evaluated() || std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>) {
+		for (size_t i{}; i < sz; ++i) {
+			dst.data()[i] = src.data()[i];
+		}
+	} else {
+		memcpy(dst.data(), src.data(), sz * sizeof(T));
+	}
+}
 
 }
 
-OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
+OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END

deps/ox/src/ox/std/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ add_test("[ox/std] String" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "String")
 add_test("[ox/std] SmallMap" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "SmallMap")
 add_test("[ox/std] SmallMap2" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "SmallMap2")
 add_test("[ox/std] Vector" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "Vector")
+add_test("[ox/std] Vector::shrink_to_fit" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "Vector::shrink_to_fit")
+add_test("[ox/std] findIdx" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "findIdx")
 add_test("[ox/std] HashMap" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "HashMap")
 add_test("[ox/std] HeapMgr" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest malloc)
 add_test("[ox/std] Serialize-Int" ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/StdTest "Serialize-Int")

deps/ox/src/ox/std/test/tests.cpp

@@ -237,6 +237,50 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			return ox::Error(0);
 		}
 	},
+	{
+		"Vector::shrink_to_fit",
+		[] {
+			{
+				ox::Vector<ox::IString<8>> v;
+				v.reserve(50);
+				v.emplace_back("asdf");
+				v.emplace_back("aoeu");
+				auto const origData = v.data();
+				v.shrink_to_fit();
+				oxExpect(v[0], "asdf");
+				oxExpect(v[1], "aoeu");
+				oxExpect(v.capacity(), 2u);
+				oxAssert(origData != v.data(), "shrink_to_fit did not create a new allocation");
+			}
+			{
+				ox::Vector<ox::IString<8>> v;
+				v.reserve(2);
+				v.emplace_back("asdf");
+				v.emplace_back("aoeu");
+				auto const origData = v.data();
+				v.shrink_to_fit();
+				oxExpect(v[0], "asdf");
+				oxExpect(v[1], "aoeu");
+				oxExpect(v.capacity(), 2u);
+				oxAssert(origData == v.data(), "shrink_to_fit inappropriately created a new allocation");
+			}
+			return ox::Error{};
+		}
+	},
+	{
+		"findIdx",
+		[] {
+			ox::Vector<ox::IString<8>> const v {"zero", "one", "two", "three", "four"};
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "zero").or_value(5), 0u);
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "one").or_value(5), 1u);
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "two").or_value(5), 2u);
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "three").or_value(5), 3u);
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "four").or_value(5), 4u);
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "five").or_value(5), 5u);
+			oxExpect(ox::findIdx(v.begin(), v.end(), "six").or_value(6), 6u);
+			return ox::Error{};
+		}
+	},
 	{
 		"SmallMap",
 		[] {
@@ -246,7 +290,18 @@ OX_CLANG_NOWARN_END
 			oxExpect(map.size(), 1u);
 			oxExpect(map["aoeu"], "");
 			oxExpect(map.size(), 2u);
-			return ox::Error(0);
+			ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::String> cmap;
+			cmap["asdf"] = "aoeu";
+			auto constexpr constTest = [](ox::SmallMap<ox::String, ox::String> const&map) {
+				OX_REQUIRE(asdf, map.at("asdf"));
+				oxExpect(*asdf, "aoeu");
+				oxExpect(map.size(), 1u);
+				auto const aoeu = map.at("aoeu");
+				oxExpect(aoeu.ok(), false);
+				oxExpect(map.size(), 1u);
+				return ox::Error{};
+			};
+			return constTest(cmap);
 		}
 	},
 	{

deps/ox/src/ox/std/trace.hpp

@@ -269,8 +269,8 @@ using TraceStream = NullStream;
 inline void logError(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, const Error &err) noexcept {
 	if (err) {
 		TraceStream trc(file, line, "ox::error");
-		if (err.file != nullptr) {
-			trc << "Error: (" << err.file << ":" << err.line << "):";
+		if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
+			trc << "Error: (" << err.src.file_name() << ":" << err.src.line() << "):";
 		} else {
 			trc <<  "Error:";
 		}
@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ inline void logError(const char *file, int line, const Error &err) noexcept {
 	if (err) {
 		TraceStream trc(file, line, "ox::error");
 		trc <<  "Error:" << err;
-		if (err.file != nullptr) {
-			trc << "(" << err.file << ":" << err.line << ")";
+		if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
+			trc << "(" << err.src.file_name() << ":" << err.src.line() << ")";
 		}
 	}
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/typetraits.hpp

@@ -19,12 +19,15 @@
 namespace std {
 
 template<typename T>
-constexpr bool is_union_v = __is_union(T);
+inline constexpr bool is_union_v = __is_union(T);
 
-constexpr bool is_constant_evaluated() noexcept {
+inline constexpr bool is_constant_evaluated() noexcept {
 	return __builtin_is_constant_evaluated();
 }
 
+template<typename T>
+inline constexpr bool is_trivially_copyable_v = __is_trivially_copyable(T);
+
 }
 
 #endif
@@ -156,6 +159,9 @@ static_assert(is_class<int>::value == false);
 template<typename T>
 constexpr bool is_class_v = is_class<T>();
 
+template<typename T>
+inline constexpr bool is_trivially_copyable_v = std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>;
+
 template<typename T>
 constexpr bool is_signed_v = integral_constant<bool, T(-1) < T(0)>::value;
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/vector.hpp

@@ -313,6 +313,8 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 
 		constexpr void reserve(std::size_t cap) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
+		constexpr void shrink_to_fit() noexcept(useNoexcept);
+
 	private:
 		constexpr void reserveInsert(
 				std::size_t cap, std::size_t pos, std::size_t offset = 1) noexcept(useNoexcept);
@@ -341,6 +343,7 @@ constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(std::size_t size) noexce
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::Vector(std::initializer_list<T> list) noexcept {
+	reserve(list.size());
 	for (auto &item : list) {
 		emplace_back(std::move(item));
 	}
@@ -675,6 +678,24 @@ constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserve(std::size_t cap) n
 	}
 }
 
+template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::shrink_to_fit() noexcept(useNoexcept)  {
+	if (m_size == m_cap) {
+		return;
+	}
+	const auto oldItems = m_items;
+	const auto oldCap = m_cap;
+	m_cap = m_size;
+	this->allocate(&m_items, m_size);
+	if (oldItems) { // move over old items
+		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) {
+			std::construct_at(&m_items[i], std::move(oldItems[i]));
+			oldItems[i].~T();
+		}
+		this->deallocate(oldItems, oldCap);
+	}
+}
+
 template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::reserveInsert(
 		std::size_t cap,

deps/teagba/src/cstartup.cpp

@@ -4,17 +4,20 @@
 
 #include <ox/std/heapmgr.hpp>
 
+#include <teagba/bios.hpp>
+#include <teagba/registers.hpp>
+
 namespace mgba {
 void initConsole();
 }
 
-#define MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x02000000)
-#define MEM_EWRAM_END   reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x0203FFFF)
+#define MEM_HEAP_BEGIN reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x02000000)
+#define MEM_HEAP_END   reinterpret_cast<char*>(0x0203FFFF)
 
-#define HEAP_BEGIN reinterpret_cast<char*>(MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN)
+#define HEAP_BEGIN reinterpret_cast<char*>(MEM_HEAP_BEGIN)
 // set size to half of EWRAM
-#define HEAP_SIZE ((MEM_EWRAM_END - MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN) / 2)
-#define HEAP_END  reinterpret_cast<char*>(MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN + HEAP_SIZE)
+#define HEAP_SIZE ((MEM_HEAP_END - MEM_HEAP_BEGIN) / 2)
+#define HEAP_END  reinterpret_cast<char*>(MEM_HEAP_BEGIN + HEAP_SIZE)
 
 extern void (*__preinit_array_start[]) (void);
 extern void (*__preinit_array_end[]) (void);
@@ -25,6 +28,14 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv);
 
 extern "C" {
 
+void abort() {
+	REG_IE = 0;
+	teagba::intrwait(0, 0);
+	while (true);
+}
+
+void *__gxx_personality_v0{};
+
 void __libc_init_array() {
 	auto preInits = __preinit_array_end - __preinit_array_start;
 	for (decltype(preInits) i = 0; i < preInits; i++) {

developer-handbook.md

@@ -162,11 +162,9 @@ The Ox way of doing things is the Olympic way of doing things.
 
 ### Error Handling
 
-The GBA build has exceptions disabled.
-Instead of throwing exceptions, all engine code should return
-[ox::Errors](deps/ox/ox-docs.md#error-handling) for error reporting.
-For the sake of consistency, try to stick to ```ox::Error``` in non-engine code
-as well, but non-engine code is free to use exceptions when they make sense.
+Instead of throwing exceptions, generally try to use
+[ox::Errors](deps/ox/ox-docs.md#error-handling) for error reporting,
+but exceptions may be used where they make sense.
 
 Exceptions should generally just use ```OxException```, which is bascially an
 exception form of ```ox::Error```.

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/gfx.hpp

@@ -102,8 +102,6 @@ OX_MODEL_BEGIN(TileSheetSet)
 	OX_MODEL_FIELD(entries)
 OX_MODEL_END()
 
-void addEntry(TileSheetSet &set, ox::FileAddress path, int32_t begin = 0, int32_t size = -1) noexcept;
-
 [[nodiscard]]
 int tileColumns(Context&) noexcept;
 
@@ -144,6 +142,10 @@ ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
 		unsigned cbb,
 		TileSheetSet const&set) noexcept;
 
+void clearCbb(Context &ctx, unsigned cbb) noexcept;
+
+void clearCbbs(Context &ctx) noexcept;
+
 ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
 		Context &ctx,
 		unsigned cbb,

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/studio.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2025 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <studio/studio.hpp>
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/tilesheet.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,23 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
+struct SubSheetTemplate {
+	static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.gfx.SubSheetTemplate";
+	static constexpr auto TypeVersion = 1;
+	ox::String name;
+	int32_t width{};
+	int32_t height{};
+	ox::Vector<SubSheetTemplate> subsheets;
+};
+
+OX_MODEL_BEGIN(SubSheetTemplate)
+	OX_MODEL_FIELD(name)
+	OX_MODEL_FIELD(width)
+	OX_MODEL_FIELD(height)
+	OX_MODEL_FIELD(subsheets)
+OX_MODEL_END()
+
+
 // Predecessor to TileSheet, kept for backward compatibility
 struct TileSheetV1 {
 	static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core.NostalgiaGraphic";
@@ -212,6 +229,10 @@ struct TileSheetV4 {
 				pixels(std::move(pPixels)) {
 		}
 
+		/**
+		 *
+		 * @return the dimensional size of the SubSheet (e.g. width * height)
+		 */
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr std::size_t size() const noexcept {
 			return static_cast<std::size_t>(columns) * static_cast<std::size_t>(rows);
@@ -233,7 +254,9 @@ struct TileSheetV4 {
 [[nodiscard]]
 constexpr bool valid(TileSheetV4::SubSheet const&ss, int bpp) noexcept {
 	auto const bytes = static_cast<size_t>(ss.columns * ss.rows * PixelsPerTile) / (bpp == 4 ? 2 : 1);
-	return ox::all_of(ss.subsheets.begin(), ss.subsheets.end(),
+	return
+		(ss.pixels.empty() || ss.subsheets.empty()) &&
+		ox::all_of(ss.subsheets.begin(), ss.subsheets.end(),
 				[bpp, bytes](TileSheetV4::SubSheet const&s) {
 			return bytes == s.pixels.size() && valid(s, bpp);
 		});
@@ -245,8 +268,14 @@ constexpr bool valid(TileSheetV4 const&ts) noexcept {
 }
 
 constexpr void repair(TileSheetV4::SubSheet &ss, int bpp) noexcept {
+	if (ss.subsheets.empty()) {
 		auto const bytes = static_cast<size_t>(ss.columns * ss.rows * PixelsPerTile) / (bpp == 4 ? 2 : 1);
 		ss.pixels.resize(bytes);
+	} else {
+		ss.pixels.clear();
+		ss.columns = -1;
+		ss.rows = -1;
+	}
 	for (auto &s : ss.subsheets) {
 		repair(s, bpp);
 	}
@@ -273,7 +302,7 @@ size_t getTileCnt(TileSheet const&ts) noexcept;
 TileSheet::SubSheet const*getSubsheet(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId id) noexcept;
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-size_t getTileIdx(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId id) noexcept;
+ox::Optional<size_t> getTileIdx(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId id) noexcept;
 
 [[nodiscard]]
 uint8_t getPixel4Bpp(TileSheet::SubSheet const&ss, std::size_t idx) noexcept;
@@ -392,6 +421,8 @@ ox::Result<SubSheetId> getIdFor(TileSheet const&ts, ox::StringViewCR path) noexc
 
 ox::Result<unsigned> getTileOffset(TileSheet const&ts, ox::StringViewCR pNamePath) noexcept;
 
+ox::Result<uint32_t> getTileOffset(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId pId) noexcept;
+
 ox::Result<ox::StringView> getNameFor(TileSheet::SubSheet const&ss, SubSheetId pId) noexcept;
 
 ox::Result<ox::StringView> getNameFor(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId pId) noexcept;

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/gfx.cpp

@@ -63,6 +63,19 @@ ox::Error loadSpritePalette(
 	return {};
 }
 
+void clearCbb(Context&, unsigned const cbb) noexcept {
+	for (auto &v : MEM_BG_TILES[cbb]) {
+		v = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void clearCbbs(Context &ctx) noexcept {
+	clearCbb(ctx, 0);
+	clearCbb(ctx, 1);
+	clearCbb(ctx, 2);
+	clearCbb(ctx, 3);
+}
+
 static ox::Error loadTileSheetSet(
 		Context &ctx,
 		ox::Span<uint16_t> tileMapTargetMem,
@@ -99,10 +112,10 @@ ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
 		size_t const tileCnt) noexcept {
 	size_t const bppMod = ts.bpp == 4;
 	size_t const bytesPerTile = PixelsPerTile >> bppMod;
-	auto const pixCnt = tileCnt * bytesPerTile;
+	auto const cnt = (tileCnt * bytesPerTile) / 2;
 	auto const srcPxIdx = srcTileIdx * bytesPerTile;
 	auto const dstPxIdx = (dstTileIdx * bytesPerTile) / 2;
-	for (size_t i = 0; i < pixCnt; ++i) {
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) {
 		auto const srcIdx = srcPxIdx + i * 2;
 		auto const p1 = static_cast<uint16_t>(ts.pixels[srcIdx]);
 		auto const p2 = static_cast<uint16_t>(ts.pixels[srcIdx + 1]);

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/panic.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 
 #include <ox/std/def.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/realstd.hpp>
 
 #include <keel/media.hpp>
 #include <turbine/turbine.hpp>
@@ -48,12 +49,10 @@ OX_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFERS_END
 		oxErrf("\tError Message:\t{}\n", err.msg);
 	}
 	oxErrf("\tError Code:\t{}\n", static_cast<ErrorCode>(err));
-	if (err.file != nullptr) {
-		oxErrf("\tError Location:\t{}:{}\n", err.file, err.line);
+	if (err.src.file_name() != nullptr) {
+		oxErrf("\tError Location:\t{}:{}\n", err.src.file_name(), err.src.line());
 	}
-	// disable all interrupt handling and IntrWait on no interrupts
-	REG_IE = 0;
-	teagba::intrwait(0, 0);
+	abort();
 }
 
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/keel/keelmodule.cpp

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static class: public keel::Module {
 		ox::Vector<keel::PackTransform> packTransforms() const noexcept final {
 			return {
 				// convert tilesheets to CompactTileSheets
-				[](keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringView typeId) -> ox::Result<bool> {
+				[](keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringViewCR typeId) -> ox::Result<bool> {
 					if (typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<TileSheetV1> ||
 					    typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<TileSheetV2> ||
 					    typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<TileSheetV3> ||
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static class: public keel::Module {
 					}
 					return false;
 				},
-				[](keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringView typeId) -> ox::Result<bool> {
+				[](keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringViewCR typeId) -> ox::Result<bool> {
 					if (typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<NostalgiaPalette> ||
 					    typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<PaletteV1> ||
 					    typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<PaletteV2> ||

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.cpp

@@ -111,15 +111,15 @@ static constexpr auto bgVertexRow(uint_t x, uint_t y) noexcept {
 }
 
 static void setSpriteBufferObject(
-		uint_t vi,
-		float enabled,
+		uint_t const vi,
+		float const enabled,
 		float x,
 		float y,
-		uint_t textureRow,
-		uint_t flipX,
-		uint_t priority,
-		float *vbo,
-		GLuint *ebo) noexcept {
+		uint_t const textureRow,
+		uint_t const flipX,
+		uint_t const priority,
+		ox::Span<float> const vbo,
+		ox::Span<GLuint> const ebo) noexcept {
 	// don't worry, this memcpy gets optimized to something much more ideal
 	constexpr float xmod = 0.1f;
 	constexpr float ymod = 0.1f;
@@ -138,25 +138,25 @@ static void setSpriteBufferObject(
 	    enabled, x + xmod, y + ymod, prif, R, textureRowf + 0, // top right
 	    enabled,        x, y + ymod, prif, L, textureRowf + 0, // top left
 	};
-	memcpy(vbo, vertices.data(), sizeof(vertices));
+	ox::spancpy<float>(vbo, vertices);
 	ox::Array<GLuint, SpriteVertexEboLength> const elms {
 		vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
 		vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
 	};
-	memcpy(ebo, elms.data(), sizeof(elms));
+	ox::spancpy<GLuint>(ebo, elms);
 }
 
 static void setTileBufferObject(
-		uint_t vi,
+		uint_t const vi,
 		float x,
 		float y,
-		float textureTileIdx,
-		float priority,
-		float palOffset,
-		bool flipX,
-		bool flipY,
-		float *vbo,
-		GLuint *ebo) noexcept {
+		float const textureTileIdx,
+		float const priority,
+		float const palOffset,
+		bool const flipX,
+		bool const flipY,
+		ox::Span<float> const vbo,
+		ox::Span<GLuint> const ebo) noexcept {
 	// don't worry, this memcpy gets optimized to something much more ideal
 	constexpr float ymod = 0.1f;
 	constexpr float xmod = 0.1f;
@@ -175,19 +175,30 @@ static void setTileBufferObject(
 		x + xmod, y + ymod, prif, R, T, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // top right
 		       x, y + ymod, prif, L, T, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // top left
 	};
-	memcpy(vbo, vertices.data(), sizeof(vertices));
+	ox::spancpy<float>(vbo, vertices);
 	ox::Array<GLuint, BgVertexEboLength> const elms {
 		vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
 		vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
 	};
-	memcpy(ebo, elms.data(), sizeof(elms));
+	ox::spancpy<GLuint>(ebo, elms);
 }
 
 static void initSpriteBufferObjects(Context &ctx, glutils::BufferSet &bs) noexcept {
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < ctx.spriteCount; ++i) {
-		auto vbo = &bs.vertices[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexVboLength)];
-		auto ebo = &bs.elements[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexEboLength)];
-		setSpriteBufferObject(i * static_cast<uint_t>(SpriteVertexVboRows) * ctx.blocksPerSprite, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 0, vbo, ebo);
+		auto const vbo = ox::Span{bs.vertices}
+			+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexVboLength);
+		auto const ebo = ox::Span{bs.elements}
+			+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexEboLength);
+		setSpriteBufferObject(
+			i * static_cast<uint_t>(SpriteVertexVboRows) * ctx.blocksPerSprite,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			false,
+			0,
+			vbo,
+			ebo);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -195,8 +206,10 @@ static void initBackgroundBufferObjects(glutils::BufferSet &bs) noexcept {
 	for (auto x = 0u; x < TileColumns; ++x) {
 		for (auto y = 0u; y < TileRows; ++y) {
 			const auto i = bgVertexRow(x, y);
-			auto vbo = &bs.vertices[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexVboLength)];
-			auto ebo = &bs.elements[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexEboLength)];
+			auto const vbo = ox::Span{bs.vertices}
+				+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexVboLength);
+			auto const ebo = ox::Span{bs.elements}
+				+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexEboLength);
 			setTileBufferObject(
 				static_cast<uint_t>(i * BgVertexVboRows),
 				static_cast<float>(x),
@@ -421,8 +434,8 @@ static void setSprite(
 		auto const eboIdx = eboBase + renderer::SpriteVertexEboLength * i;
 		oxAssert(vboIdx < ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices.size(), "vbo overflow");
 		oxAssert(eboIdx < ctx.spriteBlocks.elements.size(), "ebo overflow");
-		auto const vbo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices[vboIdx];
-		auto const ebo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.elements[eboIdx];
+		auto const vbo = ox::Span{ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices} + vboIdx;
+		auto const ebo = ox::Span{ctx.spriteBlocks.elements} + eboIdx;
 		renderer::setSpriteBufferObject(
 				static_cast<uint_t>(vboIdx),
 				enabled,
@@ -556,7 +569,7 @@ static void copyPixels(
 		CompactTileSheet const&ts,
 		ox::Span<uint32_t> dst,
 		size_t const srcPxIdx,
-		size_t pxlCnt) noexcept {
+		size_t const pxlCnt) noexcept {
 	size_t idx{};
 	if (ts.bpp == 4) {
 		for (size_t i = 0; i < pxlCnt; i += 2) {
@@ -573,6 +586,18 @@ static void copyPixels(
 	}
 }
 
+void clearCbb(Context &ctx, unsigned const cbb) noexcept {
+	for (auto &v : ctx.cbbs[cbb].pixels) {
+		v = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void clearCbbs(Context &ctx) noexcept {
+	for (unsigned i = 0 ; i < ctx.cbbs.size(); ++i) {
+		clearCbb(ctx, i);
+	}
+}
+
 ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
 		Context &ctx,
 		unsigned const cbb,
@@ -656,8 +681,8 @@ void setBgTile(
 	const auto x = static_cast<uint_t>(column);
 	const auto i = renderer::bgVertexRow(x, y);
 	auto &cbb = ctx.cbbs[z];
-	const auto vbo = &cbb.vertices[i * renderer::BgVertexVboLength];
-	const auto ebo = &cbb.elements[i * renderer::BgVertexEboLength];
+	const auto vbo = ox::Span{cbb.vertices} + i * renderer::BgVertexVboLength;
+	const auto ebo = ox::Span{cbb.elements} + i * renderer::BgVertexEboLength;
 	auto &bg = ctx.backgrounds[bgIdx];
 	renderer::setTileBufferObject(
 			static_cast<uint_t>(i * renderer::BgVertexVboRows),

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ add_library(NostalgiaCore-Studio)
 add_library(
 	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui
 		studiomodule.cpp
-		tilesheeteditor/tilesheeteditor-imgui.cpp
 )
 
 target_link_libraries(
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@ target_link_libraries(
 target_link_libraries(
 	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui PUBLIC
 		NostalgiaCore-Studio
-		Studio
 )
 
 install(

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/paletteeditor/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -9,5 +9,9 @@ target_sources(
 		commands/renamepagecommand.cpp
 		commands/updatecolorcommand.cpp
 		commands/updatecolorinfocommand.cpp
+)
+
+target_sources(
+	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui PRIVATE
 		paletteeditor-imgui.cpp
 )

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ target_sources(
 		tilesheetpixels.cpp
 )
 
+target_sources(
+	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui PRIVATE
+		tilesheeteditor-imgui.cpp
+)
+
 target_link_libraries(
 	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui PUBLIC
 		lodepng

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/updatesubsheetcommand.cpp

@@ -9,27 +9,24 @@ namespace nostalgia::core {
 core::UpdateSubSheetCommand::UpdateSubSheetCommand(
 		TileSheet &img,
 		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
-		ox::String name,
-		int cols,
-		int rows) noexcept:
-		m_img(img),
-		m_idx(std::move(idx)),
-		m_sheet(getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx)),
-		m_newName(std::move(name)),
-		m_newCols(cols),
-		m_newRows(rows) {
+		ox::StringParam name,
+		int const cols,
+		int const rows):
+		m_img{img},
+		m_idx{std::move(idx)},
+		m_sheet{getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx)} {
+	m_sheet = getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx);
+	m_sheet.name = std::move(name);
+	OX_THROW_ERROR(resizeSubsheet(m_sheet, m_img.bpp, {cols, rows}));
 }
 
 ox::Error UpdateSubSheetCommand::redo() noexcept {
-	auto &sheet = getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx);
-	sheet.name = m_newName;
-	oxLogError(resizeSubsheet(sheet, m_img.bpp, {m_newCols, m_newRows}));
+	std::swap(m_sheet, getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx));
 	return {};
 }
 
 ox::Error UpdateSubSheetCommand::undo() noexcept {
-	auto &sheet = getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx);
-	sheet = m_sheet;
+	std::swap(m_sheet, getSubSheet(m_img, m_idx));
 	return {};
 }
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/updatesubsheetcommand.hpp

@@ -13,17 +13,14 @@ class UpdateSubSheetCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
 		TileSheet &m_img;
 		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_idx;
 		TileSheet::SubSheet m_sheet;
-		ox::String m_newName;
-		int m_newCols = 0;
-		int m_newRows = 0;
 
 	public:
 		UpdateSubSheetCommand(
 				TileSheet &img,
 				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
-				ox::String name,
+				ox::StringParam name,
 				int cols,
-				int rows) noexcept;
+				int rows);
 
 		ox::Error redo() noexcept final;
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/tilesheeteditor-imgui.cpp

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ void TileSheetEditorImGui::draw(studio::StudioContext&) noexcept {
 		ImGui::BeginChild("SubSheets", {s_palViewWidth - 24, ySize / 2.f}, true);
 		{
 			static constexpr auto btnHeight = ig::BtnSz.y;
-			auto const btnSize = ImVec2{btnHeight, btnHeight};
+			auto constexpr btnSize = ImVec2{btnHeight, btnHeight};
 			if (ig::PushButton("+", btnSize)) {
 				auto insertOnIdx = m_model.activeSubSheetIdx();
 				auto const&parent = m_model.activeSubSheet();
@@ -258,7 +258,10 @@ void TileSheetEditorImGui::draw(studio::StudioContext&) noexcept {
 				m_exportMenu.show();
 			}
 			TileSheet::SubSheetIdx path;
-			static constexpr auto flags = ImGuiTableFlags_RowBg | ImGuiTableFlags_NoBordersInBody;
+			static constexpr auto flags =
+				ImGuiTableFlags_RowBg |
+                ImGuiTableFlags_NoBordersInBody |
+                ImGuiTableFlags_ScrollY;
             if (ImGui::BeginTable("Subsheets", 4, flags)) {
                 ImGui::TableSetupColumn("Subsheet", ImGuiTableColumnFlags_NoHide);
                 ImGui::TableSetupColumn("ID", ImGuiTableColumnFlags_WidthFixed, 25);
@@ -462,8 +465,12 @@ void TileSheetEditorImGui::drawPaletteMenu() noexcept {
 		}
 	}
 	// header
+	auto constexpr palTblFlags =
+		ImGuiTableFlags_RowBg |
+        ImGuiTableFlags_SizingStretchProp |
+        ImGuiTableFlags_ScrollY;
 	if (ImGui::BeginTable(
-			"PaletteTable", 4, ImGuiTableFlags_RowBg | ImGuiTableFlags_SizingStretchProp)) {
+			"PaletteTable", 4, palTblFlags)) {
 		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("Idx", 0, 0.6f);
 		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("", 0, 0.22f);
 		ImGui::TableSetupColumn("Name", 0, 3);
@@ -544,7 +551,7 @@ void TileSheetEditorImGui::SubSheetEditor::draw(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept
 	auto const popupHeight = modSize ? 130.f : 85.f;
 	auto const popupSz = ImVec2{popupWidth, popupHeight};
 	if (ig::BeginPopup(tctx, popupName, m_show, popupSz)) {
-		ImGui::InputText("Name", m_name.data(), m_name.cap());
+		ig::InputText("Name", m_name);
 		if (modSize) {
 			ImGui::InputInt("Columns", &m_cols);
 			ImGui::InputInt("Rows", &m_rows);

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/tilesheeteditormodel.cpp

@@ -26,11 +26,6 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-Palette const TileSheetEditorModel::s_defaultPalette = {
-	.colorNames = {ox::Vector<ox::String>{{}}},
-	.pages = {{"Page 1", ox::Vector<Color16>(128)}},
-};
-
 // delete pixels of all non-leaf nodes
 static void normalizeSubsheets(TileSheet::SubSheet &ss) noexcept {
 	if (ss.subsheets.empty()) {
@@ -42,7 +37,14 @@ static void normalizeSubsheets(TileSheet::SubSheet &ss) noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-TileSheetEditorModel::TileSheetEditorModel(studio::StudioContext &sctx, ox::StringView path, studio::UndoStack &undoStack):
+
+Palette const TileSheetEditorModel::s_defaultPalette = {
+	.colorNames = {ox::Vector<ox::String>{{}}},
+	.pages = {{"Page 1", ox::Vector<Color16>(128)}},
+};
+
+TileSheetEditorModel::TileSheetEditorModel(
+		studio::StudioContext &sctx, ox::StringViewCR path, studio::UndoStack &undoStack):
 	m_sctx(sctx),
 	m_tctx(m_sctx.tctx),
 	m_path(path),
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::cut() {
 	TileSheetClipboard blankCb;
 	auto cb = ox::make_unique<TileSheetClipboard>();
 	auto const&s = activeSubSheet();
-	iterateSelectionRows(*m_selection, [&](int x, int y) {
+	iterateSelectionRows(*m_selection, [&](int const x, int const y) {
 		auto pt = ox::Point{x, y};
 		auto const idx = core::idx(s, pt);
 		auto const c = getPixel(s, m_img.bpp, idx);
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::cut() {
 	auto const pt1 = m_selection->a;
 	auto const pt2 = ox::Point{s.columns * TileWidth, s.rows * TileHeight};
 	turbine::setClipboardObject(m_tctx, std::move(cb));
-	pushCommand(ox::make<CutPasteCommand>(CommandId::Cut, m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx, pt1, pt2, blankCb));
+	pushCommand(ox::make<CutPasteCommand>(
+		CommandId::Cut, m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx, pt1, pt2, blankCb));
 }
 
 void TileSheetEditorModel::copy() {
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::copy() {
 		return;
 	}
 	auto cb = ox::make_unique<TileSheetClipboard>();
-	iterateSelectionRows(*m_selection, [&](int x, int y) {
+	iterateSelectionRows(*m_selection, [&](int const x, int const y) {
 		auto pt = ox::Point{x, y};
 		const auto&s = activeSubSheet();
 		const auto idx = core::idx(s, pt);
@@ -105,7 +108,8 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::paste() {
 	auto const&s = activeSubSheet();
 	auto const pt1 = m_selection->a;
 	auto const pt2 = ox::Point{s.columns * TileWidth, s.rows * TileHeight};
-	pushCommand(ox::make<CutPasteCommand>(CommandId::Paste, m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx, pt1, pt2, *cb));
+	pushCommand(ox::make<CutPasteCommand>(
+		CommandId::Paste, m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx, pt1, pt2, *cb));
 }
 
 bool TileSheetEditorModel::acceptsClipboardPayload() const noexcept {
@@ -120,8 +124,8 @@ ox::StringView TileSheetEditorModel::palPath() const noexcept {
 	}
 	constexpr ox::StringView uuidPrefix = "uuid://";
 	if (ox::beginsWith(path, uuidPrefix)) {
-		auto uuid = ox::StringView(&path[uuidPrefix.bytes()], path.bytes() - uuidPrefix.bytes());
-		auto out = keelCtx(m_tctx).uuidToPath.at(uuid);
+		auto const uuid = ox::StringView(&path[uuidPrefix.bytes()], path.bytes() - uuidPrefix.bytes());
+		auto const out = keelCtx(m_tctx).uuidToPath.at(uuid);
 		if (out.error) {
 			return {};
 		}
@@ -131,13 +135,14 @@ ox::StringView TileSheetEditorModel::palPath() const noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-ox::Error TileSheetEditorModel::setPalette(ox::StringView path) noexcept {
+ox::Error TileSheetEditorModel::setPalette(ox::StringViewCR path) noexcept {
 	OX_REQUIRE(uuid, keelCtx(m_tctx).pathToUuid.at(path));
-	pushCommand(ox::make<PaletteChangeCommand>(activeSubSheetIdx(), m_img, uuid->toString()));
+	pushCommand(ox::make<PaletteChangeCommand>(
+		activeSubSheetIdx(), m_img, uuid->toString()));
 	return {};
 }
 
-void TileSheetEditorModel::setPalettePage(size_t pg) noexcept {
+void TileSheetEditorModel::setPalettePage(size_t const pg) noexcept {
 	m_palettePage = ox::clamp<size_t>(pg, 0, m_pal->pages.size() - 1);
 	m_updated = true;
 }
@@ -146,7 +151,7 @@ size_t TileSheetEditorModel::palettePage() const noexcept {
 	return m_palettePage;
 }
 
-void TileSheetEditorModel::drawCommand(ox::Point const&pt, std::size_t palIdx) noexcept {
+void TileSheetEditorModel::drawCommand(ox::Point const&pt, std::size_t const palIdx) noexcept {
 	const auto &activeSubSheet = getSubSheet(m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx);
 	if (pt.x >= activeSubSheet.columns * TileWidth || pt.y >= activeSubSheet.rows * TileHeight) {
 		return;
@@ -155,7 +160,8 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::drawCommand(ox::Point const&pt, std::size_t palIdx) n
 	if (m_ongoingDrawCommand) {
 		m_updated = m_updated || m_ongoingDrawCommand->append(idx);
 	} else if (getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, idx) != palIdx) {
-		pushCommand(ox::make<DrawCommand>(m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx, idx, static_cast<int>(palIdx)));
+		pushCommand(ox::make<DrawCommand>(
+			m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx, idx, static_cast<int>(palIdx)));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -171,16 +177,20 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::rmSubsheet(TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx) noexcept
 	pushCommand(ox::make<RmSubSheetCommand>(m_img, idx));
 }
 
-void TileSheetEditorModel::insertTiles(TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx, std::size_t tileIdx, std::size_t tileCnt) noexcept {
+void TileSheetEditorModel::insertTiles(
+	TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx, std::size_t const tileIdx, std::size_t const tileCnt) noexcept {
 	pushCommand(ox::make<InsertTilesCommand>(m_img, idx, tileIdx, tileCnt));
 }
 
-void TileSheetEditorModel::deleteTiles(TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx, std::size_t tileIdx, std::size_t tileCnt) noexcept {
+void TileSheetEditorModel::deleteTiles(
+	TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx, std::size_t const tileIdx, std::size_t const tileCnt) noexcept {
 	pushCommand(ox::make<DeleteTilesCommand>(m_img, idx, tileIdx, tileCnt));
 }
 
-ox::Error TileSheetEditorModel::updateSubsheet(TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx, ox::StringView const&name, int cols, int rows) noexcept {
-	pushCommand(ox::make<UpdateSubSheetCommand>(m_img, idx, ox::String(name), cols, rows));
+ox::Error TileSheetEditorModel::updateSubsheet(
+	TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx, ox::StringViewCR name, int const cols, int const rows) noexcept {
+	OX_REQUIRE(cmd, ox::makeCatch<UpdateSubSheetCommand>(m_img, idx, name, cols, rows));
+	pushCommand(cmd);
 	return {};
 }
 
@@ -189,7 +199,7 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::setActiveSubsheet(TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&idx) n
 	this->activeSubsheetChanged.emit(m_activeSubsSheetIdx);
 }
 
-void TileSheetEditorModel::fill(ox::Point const&pt, int palIdx) noexcept {
+void TileSheetEditorModel::fill(ox::Point const&pt, int const palIdx) noexcept {
 	auto const&activeSubSheet = getSubSheet(m_img, m_activeSubsSheetIdx);
 	// build idx list
 	if (pt.x >= activeSubSheet.columns * TileWidth || pt.y >= activeSubSheet.rows * TileHeight) {
@@ -197,10 +207,10 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::fill(ox::Point const&pt, int palIdx) noexcept {
 	}
 	ox::Array<bool, PixelsPerTile> updateMap = {};
 	auto const oldColor = getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, pt);
-	getFillPixels(updateMap, pt, oldColor);
+	getFillPixels(activeSubSheet, updateMap, pt, oldColor);
 	ox::Vector<std::size_t> idxList;
 	auto i = core::idx(activeSubSheet, pt) / PixelsPerTile * PixelsPerTile;
-	for (auto u : updateMap) {
+	for (auto const u : updateMap) {
 		if (u) {
 			idxList.emplace_back(i);
 		}
@@ -230,7 +240,7 @@ void TileSheetEditorModel::completeSelection() noexcept {
 		m_selTracker.finishSelection();
 		m_selection.emplace(m_selTracker.selection());
 		auto&pt = m_selection->b;
-		auto&s = activeSubSheet();
+		auto const&s = activeSubSheet();
 		pt.x = ox::min(s.columns * TileWidth - 1, pt.x);
 		pt.y = ox::min(s.rows * TileHeight - 1, pt.y);
 	}
@@ -275,47 +285,44 @@ ox::Error TileSheetEditorModel::saveFile() noexcept {
 	return m_sctx.project->writeObj(m_path, m_img, ox::ClawFormat::Metal);
 }
 
-bool TileSheetEditorModel::pixelSelected(std::size_t idx) const noexcept {
+bool TileSheetEditorModel::pixelSelected(std::size_t const idx) const noexcept {
 	auto const&s = activeSubSheet();
 	auto const pt = idxToPt(static_cast<int>(idx), s.columns);
 	return m_selection && m_selection->contains(pt);
 }
 
-void TileSheetEditorModel::getFillPixels(ox::Span<bool> pixels, ox::Point const&pt, int oldColor) const noexcept {
-	const auto &activeSubSheet = this->activeSubSheet();
-	const auto tileIdx = [activeSubSheet](const ox::Point &pt) noexcept {
-		return ptToIdx(pt, activeSubSheet.columns) / PixelsPerTile;
-	};
-	// get points
-	const auto leftPt = pt + ox::Point(-1, 0);
-	const auto rightPt = pt + ox::Point(1, 0);
-	const auto topPt = pt + ox::Point(0, -1);
-	const auto bottomPt = pt + ox::Point(0, 1);
-	// calculate indices
-	const auto idx = ptToIdx(pt, activeSubSheet.columns);
-	const auto leftIdx = ptToIdx(leftPt, activeSubSheet.columns);
-	const auto rightIdx = ptToIdx(rightPt, activeSubSheet.columns);
-	const auto topIdx = ptToIdx(topPt, activeSubSheet.columns);
-	const auto bottomIdx = ptToIdx(bottomPt, activeSubSheet.columns);
-	const auto tile = tileIdx(pt);
+void TileSheetEditorModel::getFillPixels(
+		TileSheet::SubSheet const&activeSubSheet,
+		ox::Span<bool> pixels,
+		ox::Point const&pt,
+		int const oldColor) const noexcept {
+	auto const idx = ptToIdx(pt, activeSubSheet.columns);
+	auto const relIdx = idx % PixelsPerTile;
+	if (pixels[relIdx] || getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, idx) != oldColor) {
+		return;
+	}
 	// mark pixels to update
-	pixels[idx % PixelsPerTile] = true;
-	if (!pixels[leftIdx % PixelsPerTile] && tile == tileIdx(leftPt) && getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, leftIdx) == oldColor) {
-		getFillPixels(pixels, leftPt, oldColor);
+	pixels[relIdx] = true;
+	if (pt.x % TileWidth != 0) {
+		auto const leftPt = pt + ox::Point{-1, 0};
+		getFillPixels(activeSubSheet, pixels, leftPt, oldColor);
 	}
-	if (!pixels[rightIdx % PixelsPerTile] && tile == tileIdx(rightPt) && getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, rightIdx) == oldColor) {
-		getFillPixels(pixels, rightPt, oldColor);
+	if (pt.x % TileWidth != TileWidth - 1) {
+		auto const rightPt = pt + ox::Point{1, 0};
+		getFillPixels(activeSubSheet, pixels, rightPt, oldColor);
 	}
-	if (!pixels[topIdx % PixelsPerTile] && tile == tileIdx(topPt) && getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, topIdx) == oldColor) {
-		getFillPixels(pixels, topPt, oldColor);
+	if (pt.y % TileHeight != 0) {
+		auto const topPt = pt + ox::Point{0, -1};
+		getFillPixels(activeSubSheet, pixels, topPt, oldColor);
 	}
-	if (!pixels[bottomIdx % PixelsPerTile] && tile == tileIdx(bottomPt) && getPixel(activeSubSheet, m_img.bpp, bottomIdx) == oldColor) {
-		getFillPixels(pixels, bottomPt, oldColor);
+	if (pt.y % TileHeight != TileHeight - 1) {
+		auto const bottomPt = pt + ox::Point{0, 1};
+		getFillPixels(activeSubSheet, pixels, bottomPt, oldColor);
 	}
 }
 
 void TileSheetEditorModel::pushCommand(studio::UndoCommand *cmd) noexcept {
-	std::ignore = m_undoStack.push(ox::UPtr<studio::UndoCommand>(cmd));
+	std::ignore = m_undoStack.push(ox::UPtr<studio::UndoCommand>{cmd});
 	m_ongoingDrawCommand = dynamic_cast<DrawCommand*>(cmd);
 	m_updated = true;
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/tilesheeteditormodel.hpp

@@ -4,9 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <ox/std/bounds.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/point.hpp>
-#include <ox/std/trace.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/string.hpp>
 
 #include <studio/studio.hpp>
@@ -38,7 +36,7 @@ class TileSheetEditorModel: public ox::SignalHandler {
 		bool m_updated = false;
 
 	public:
-		TileSheetEditorModel(studio::StudioContext &sctx, ox::StringView path, studio::UndoStack &undoStack);
+		TileSheetEditorModel(studio::StudioContext &sctx, ox::StringViewCR path, studio::UndoStack &undoStack);
 
 		~TileSheetEditorModel() override = default;
 
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ class TileSheetEditorModel: public ox::SignalHandler {
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		ox::StringView palPath() const noexcept;
 
-		ox::Error setPalette(ox::StringView path) noexcept;
+		ox::Error setPalette(ox::StringViewCR path) noexcept;
 
 		void setPalettePage(size_t pg) noexcept;
 
@@ -128,7 +126,11 @@ class TileSheetEditorModel: public ox::SignalHandler {
 		bool pixelSelected(std::size_t idx) const noexcept;
 
 	private:
-		void getFillPixels(ox::Span<bool> pixels, ox::Point const&pt, int oldColor) const noexcept;
+		void getFillPixels(
+			TileSheet::SubSheet const&activeSubSheet,
+			ox::Span<bool> pixels,
+			ox::Point const&pt,
+			int oldColor) const noexcept;
 
 		void pushCommand(studio::UndoCommand *cmd) noexcept;
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/tilesheet.cpp

@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ static ox::Optional<size_t> getPixelIdx(
 	return ox::Optional<size_t>{};
 }
 
-size_t getTileIdx(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId const id) noexcept {
+ox::Optional<size_t> getTileIdx(TileSheet const&ts, SubSheetId const id) noexcept {
 	size_t idx{};
 	auto const out = getPixelIdx(ts.subsheet, id, idx, ts.bpp);
-	return out.or_value(0) / PixelsPerTile;
+	return out ? ox::Optional<size_t>{ox::in_place, *out / PixelsPerTile} : out;
 }
 
 uint8_t getPixel4Bpp(TileSheet::SubSheet const&ss, std::size_t idx) noexcept {
@@ -355,12 +355,12 @@ ox::Result<SubSheetId> getIdFor(TileSheet const&ts, ox::StringViewCR path) noexc
 /**
  * Gets the offset in tiles of the desired subsheet.
  */
-static ox::Result<unsigned> getTileOffset(
+static ox::Result<uint32_t> getTileOffset(
 		TileSheet::SubSheet const&ss,
 		ox::SpanView<ox::StringView> const&pNamePath,
 		int8_t pBpp,
 		std::size_t pIt = 0,
-		unsigned pCurrentTotal = 0) noexcept {
+		uint32_t pCurrentTotal = 0) noexcept {
 	// pIt == pNamePath.size() - 1 &&
 	if (ss.name != pNamePath[pIt]) {
 		return ox::Error(2, "Wrong branch");
@@ -374,12 +374,14 @@ static ox::Result<unsigned> getTileOffset(
 		if (!err) {
 			return offset;
 		}
+		// Possible bug? Shoud this be usinga a recursive version of
+		// pixelCnt will count pixels in subsheets of sub as well.
 		pCurrentTotal += pixelCnt(sub, pBpp) / PixelsPerTile;
 	}
 	return ox::Error(1, "SubSheet not found");
 }
 
-ox::Result<unsigned> getTileOffset(TileSheet const&ts, ox::StringViewCR pNamePath) noexcept {
+ox::Result<uint32_t> getTileOffset(TileSheet const&ts, ox::StringViewCR pNamePath) noexcept {
 	return core::getTileOffset(ts.subsheet, ox::split<8>(pNamePath, '.'), ts.bpp);
 }
 

src/nostalgia/studio/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ target_link_libraries(
 
 target_compile_definitions(
 	NostalgiaStudio PUBLIC
-		OLYMPIC_APP_VERSION="d2024.12.1"
+		OLYMPIC_APP_VERSION="dev build"
 )
 
 install(

src/olympic/keel/include/keel/assetmanager.hpp

@@ -196,15 +196,15 @@ class AssetManager {
 		template<typename T>
 		class AssetTypeManager: public AssetTypeManagerBase {
 			public:
-				using Loader = std::function<ox::Result<T>(ox::StringView assetId)>;
+				using Loader = std::function<ox::Result<T>(ox::StringViewCR assetId)>;
 			private:
 				Loader m_loader{};
 				ox::HashMap<ox::String, ox::UPtr<AssetContainer<T>>> m_cache;
 
 			public:
-				AssetTypeManager(Loader loader) noexcept: m_loader(loader) {}
+				AssetTypeManager(Loader &&loader) noexcept: m_loader(std::move(loader)) {}
 
-				ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> getAsset(ox::StringView const assetId) const noexcept {
+				ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> getAsset(ox::StringViewCR assetId) const noexcept {
 					OX_REQUIRE(out, m_cache.at(assetId));
 					if (!out || !*out) {
 						return ox::Error(1, "asset is null");
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ class AssetManager {
 					return AssetRef<T>(out->get());
 				}
 
-				ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> loadAsset(ox::StringView const assetId) noexcept {
+				ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> loadAsset(ox::StringViewCR assetId) noexcept {
 					auto &p = m_cache[assetId];
 					OX_REQUIRE_M(obj, m_loader(assetId));
 					if (!p) {
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ class AssetManager {
 					return AssetRef<T>(p.get());
 				}
 
-				ox::Error reloadAsset(ox::StringView const assetId) noexcept {
+				ox::Error reloadAsset(ox::StringViewCR assetId) noexcept {
 					auto &p = m_cache[assetId];
 					OX_REQUIRE_M(obj, m_loader(assetId));
 					if (!p) {
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ class AssetManager {
 		};
 
 		ox::HashMap<ox::String, ox::UPtr<AssetTypeManagerBase>> m_assetTypeManagers;
-		ox::HashMap<ox::String, ox::Signal<ox::Error(ox::StringView assetId)>> m_fileUpdated;
+		ox::HashMap<ox::String, ox::Signal<ox::Error(ox::StringViewCR assetId)>> m_fileUpdated;
 
 		template<typename T>
 		ox::Result<AssetTypeManager<T>*> getTypeManager() noexcept {
@@ -273,18 +273,18 @@ class AssetManager {
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> getAsset(ox::StringView assetId) noexcept {
+		ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> getAsset(ox::StringViewCR assetId) noexcept {
 			OX_REQUIRE(m, getTypeManager<T>());
 			return m->getAsset(assetId);
 		}
 
-		ox::Error reloadAsset(ox::StringView assetId) noexcept {
+		ox::Error reloadAsset(ox::StringViewCR assetId) noexcept {
 			m_fileUpdated[assetId].emit(assetId);
 			return {};
 		}
 
 		template<typename T>
-		ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> loadAsset(ox::StringView assetId) noexcept {
+		ox::Result<AssetRef<T>> loadAsset(ox::StringViewCR assetId) noexcept {
 			OX_REQUIRE(m, getTypeManager<T>());
 			OX_REQUIRE(out, m->loadAsset(assetId));
 			m_fileUpdated[assetId].connect(m, &AssetTypeManager<T>::reloadAsset);

src/olympic/keel/include/keel/context.hpp

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 namespace keel {
 
 class Context;
-using PackTransform = ox::Result<bool>(*)(Context&, ox::Buffer &clawData, ox::StringView);
+using PackTransform = ox::Result<bool>(*)(Context&, ox::Buffer &clawData, ox::StringViewCR);
 
 class Context {
 	public:

src/olympic/keel/include/keel/media.hpp

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ constexpr auto makeLoader(Context &ctx) {
 			if (err != ox::Error_ClawTypeVersionMismatch && err != ox::Error_ClawTypeMismatch) {
 				return err;
 			}
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(convert<T>(ctx, buff, &obj));
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(convert<T>(ctx, buff, obj));
 		}
 		return std::move(obj);
 	};

src/olympic/keel/include/keel/pack.hpp

@@ -125,7 +125,9 @@ ox::Error preloadObj(
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(err);
 		keel::PreloadPtr const p{.preloadAddr = a};
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(ox::writeMC(p).moveTo(buff));
-		oxOutf("preloaded {} as a {} @ {} to {}\n", path, obj.type()->typeName, a, a + size);
+		auto const&pbufSz = pl.buff().size();
+		oxOutf("preloaded {} as a {} @ {} to {} / {}, total size: {}\n",
+			path, obj.type()->typeName, a, a + size, pbufSz - 1, pbufSz - a);
 	} else {
 		// strip the Claw header (it is not needed after preloading) and write back out to dest fs
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(ox::writeMC(obj).moveTo(buff));

src/olympic/keel/include/keel/typeconv.hpp

@@ -16,10 +16,50 @@ namespace keel {
 class Wrap {
 	public:
 		virtual ~Wrap() = default;
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual ox::CStringView typeName() const noexcept = 0;
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual int typeVersion() const noexcept = 0;
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual ox::UAnyPtr moveToCopy() noexcept = 0;
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-class WrapInline: public Wrap {
+class WrapT: public Wrap {
+	public:
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual constexpr T &obj() noexcept = 0;
+
+		ox::UAnyPtr moveToCopy() noexcept final {
+			return new T{std::move(obj())};
+		}
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class WrapRef final: public WrapT<T> {
+	private:
+		T &m_obj;
+
+	public:
+		constexpr explicit WrapRef(T &obj): m_obj{obj} {}
+
+		ox::CStringView typeName() const noexcept override {
+			return ox::ModelTypeName_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		int typeVersion() const noexcept override {
+			return ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		constexpr T &obj() noexcept override {
+			return m_obj;
+		}
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class WrapInline final: public WrapT<T> {
 	private:
 		T m_obj;
 
@@ -30,8 +70,15 @@ class WrapInline: public Wrap {
 		constexpr explicit WrapInline(Args &&...args): m_obj(ox::forward<Args>(args)...) {
 		}
 
-		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr T &obj() noexcept {
+		ox::CStringView typeName() const noexcept override {
+			return ox::ModelTypeName_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		int typeVersion() const noexcept override {
+			return ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		constexpr T &obj() noexcept override {
 			return m_obj;
 		}
 
@@ -44,7 +91,7 @@ constexpr ox::UPtr<Wrap> makeWrap(Args &&...args) noexcept {
 
 template<typename T>
 constexpr T &wrapCast(Wrap &ptr) noexcept {
-	return static_cast<WrapInline<T>&>(ptr).obj();
+	return static_cast<WrapT<T>&>(ptr).obj();
 }
 
 class BaseConverter {
@@ -70,8 +117,8 @@ class BaseConverter {
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr bool matches(
-				ox::StringViewCR srcTypeName, int srcTypeVersion,
-				ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName, int dstTypeVersion) const noexcept {
+				ox::StringViewCR srcTypeName, int const srcTypeVersion,
+				ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName, int const dstTypeVersion) const noexcept {
 			return srcMatches(srcTypeName, srcTypeVersion)
 			    && dstMatches(dstTypeName, dstTypeVersion);
 		}
@@ -109,17 +156,17 @@ class Converter: public BaseConverter {
 
 		ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convertPtrToPtr(
 				keel::Context &ctx, Wrap &src) const noexcept final {
-			auto dst = makeWrap<DstType>();
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(convert(ctx, wrapCast<SrcType>(src), wrapCast<DstType>(*dst)));
-			return {std::move(dst)};
+			ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> dst{makeWrap<DstType>()};
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(convert(ctx, wrapCast<SrcType>(src), wrapCast<DstType>(*dst.value)));
+			return dst;
 		}
 
 		ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convertBuffToPtr(
 				keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&srcBuff) const noexcept final {
 			OX_REQUIRE_M(src, readAsset<SrcType>(srcBuff));
-			auto dst = makeWrap<DstType>();
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(convert(ctx, src, wrapCast<DstType>(*dst)));
-			return {std::move(dst)};
+			ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> dst{makeWrap<DstType>()};
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(convert(ctx, src, wrapCast<DstType>(*dst.value)));
+			return dst;
 		}
 
 	protected:
@@ -133,34 +180,68 @@ ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
 		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
 		int dstTypeVersion) noexcept;
 
+ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
+		keel::Context &ctx,
+		Wrap &src,
+		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
+		int dstTypeVersion) noexcept;
+
+ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
+		keel::Context &ctx,
+		auto &src,
+		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
+		int const dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
+	WrapRef ref{src};
+	return convert(ctx, static_cast<Wrap&>(ref), dstTypeName, dstTypeVersion);
+}
+
+ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
+		keel::Context &ctx,
+		auto const&src,
+		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
+		int const dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
+	auto srcCpy = src;
+	WrapRef ref{srcCpy};
+	return convert(ctx, ref, dstTypeName, dstTypeVersion);
+}
+
 template<typename DstType>
-ox::Result<DstType> convert(keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&srcBuffer) noexcept {
-	static constexpr auto DstTypeName = ox::requireModelTypeName<DstType>();
-	static constexpr auto DstTypeVersion = ox::requireModelTypeVersion<DstType>();
-	OX_REQUIRE(out, convert(ctx, srcBuffer, DstTypeName, DstTypeVersion));
+ox::Result<DstType> convertObjToObj(
+		keel::Context &ctx,
+		auto &src) noexcept {
+	OX_REQUIRE_M(out, convert(ctx, WrapRef{src}, ox::ModelTypeName_v<DstType>, ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<DstType>));
+	return std::move(wrapCast(*out));
+}
+
+template<typename DstType>
+ox::Result<DstType> convert(keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&src) noexcept {
+	OX_REQUIRE(out, convert(ctx, src, ox::ModelTypeName_v<DstType>, ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<DstType>));
 	return std::move(wrapCast<DstType>(out));
 }
 
 template<typename DstType>
-ox::Error convert(keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&buff, DstType *outObj) noexcept {
-	static constexpr auto DstTypeName = ox::requireModelTypeName<DstType>();
-	static constexpr auto DstTypeVersion = ox::requireModelTypeVersion<DstType>();
-	OX_REQUIRE(outPtr, convert(ctx, buff, DstTypeName, DstTypeVersion));
-	*outObj = std::move(wrapCast<DstType>(*outPtr));
+ox::Error convert(keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&buff, DstType &outObj) noexcept {
+	OX_REQUIRE(out, convert(ctx, buff, ox::ModelTypeName_v<DstType>, ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<DstType>));
+	outObj = std::move(wrapCast<DstType>(*out));
+	return {};
+}
+
+template<typename DstType>
+ox::Error convertObjToObj(keel::Context &ctx, auto &src, DstType &outObj) noexcept {
+	OX_REQUIRE(outPtr, convert(ctx, src, ox::ModelTypeName_v<DstType>, ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<DstType>));
+	outObj = std::move(wrapCast<DstType>(*outPtr));
 	return {};
 }
 
 template<typename DstType>
 ox::Result<ox::Buffer> convertBuffToBuff(
-		keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&srcBuffer, ox::ClawFormat fmt) noexcept {
-	static constexpr auto DstTypeName = ox::requireModelTypeName<DstType>();
-	static constexpr auto DstTypeVersion = ox::requireModelTypeVersion<DstType>();
-	OX_REQUIRE(out, convert(ctx, srcBuffer, DstTypeName, DstTypeVersion));
+		keel::Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&src, ox::ClawFormat const fmt) noexcept {
+	OX_REQUIRE(out, convert(ctx, src, ox::ModelTypeName_v<DstType>, ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<DstType>));
 	return ox::writeClaw<DstType>(wrapCast<DstType>(*out), fmt);
 }
 
 template<typename From, typename To, ox::ClawFormat fmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal>
-ox::Result<bool> transformRule(keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringView typeId) noexcept {
+ox::Result<bool> transformRule(keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringViewCR typeId) noexcept {
 	if (typeId == ox::ModelTypeId_v<From>) {
 		OX_RETURN_ERROR(keel::convertBuffToBuff<To>(ctx, buff, fmt).moveTo(buff));
 		return true;
@@ -168,5 +249,4 @@ ox::Result<bool> transformRule(keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff, ox::StringV
 	return false;
 };
 
-
 }

src/olympic/keel/src/typeconv.cpp

@@ -10,30 +10,38 @@ namespace keel {
 static ox::Result<BaseConverter const*> findConverter(
 		ox::SpanView<BaseConverter const*> const&converters,
 		ox::StringViewCR srcTypeName,
-		int srcTypeVersion,
+		int const srcTypeVersion,
 		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
-		int dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
+		int const dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
 	for (auto const&c : converters) {
 		if (c->matches(srcTypeName, srcTypeVersion, dstTypeName, dstTypeVersion)) {
 			return c;
 		}
 	}
-	return ox::Error(1, "Could not find converter");
+	return ox::Error{1, "Could not find converter"};
 };
 
+static ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(BaseConverter const&c, Context &ctx, ox::BufferView const&src) noexcept {
+	return c.convertBuffToPtr(ctx, src);
+}
+
+static ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(BaseConverter const&c, Context &ctx, Wrap &src) noexcept {
+	return c.convertPtrToPtr(ctx, src);
+}
+
 static ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
-		keel::Context &ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		ox::SpanView<BaseConverter const*> const&converters,
-		ox::BufferView const&srcBuffer,
+		auto &src,
 		ox::StringViewCR srcTypeName,
-		int srcTypeVersion,
+		int const srcTypeVersion,
 		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
-		int dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
+		int const dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
 	// look for direct converter
-	auto [c, err] = findConverter(
+	auto const [c, err] = findConverter(
 			converters, srcTypeName, srcTypeVersion, dstTypeName, dstTypeVersion);
 	if (!err) {
-		return c->convertBuffToPtr(ctx, srcBuffer);
+		return convert(*c, ctx, src);
 	}
 	// try to chain multiple converters
 	for (auto const&subConverter : converters) {
@@ -41,20 +49,20 @@ static ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
 			continue;
 		}
 		const auto [intermediate, chainErr] =
-			convert(ctx, converters, srcBuffer, srcTypeName, srcTypeVersion,
+			convert(ctx, converters, src, srcTypeName, srcTypeVersion,
 			        subConverter->srcTypeName(), subConverter->srcTypeVersion());
 		if (!chainErr) {
 			return subConverter->convertPtrToPtr(ctx, *intermediate);
 		}
 	}
-	return ox::Error(1, "Could not convert between types");
+	return ox::Error{1, "Could not convert between types"};
 }
 
 ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
-		keel::Context &ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		ox::BufferView const&srcBuffer,
 		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
-		int dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
+		int const dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
 	OX_REQUIRE(hdr, readAssetHeader(srcBuffer));
 	return convert(
 			ctx,
@@ -66,4 +74,19 @@ ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
 			dstTypeVersion);
 }
 
+ox::Result<ox::UPtr<Wrap>> convert(
+		Context &ctx,
+		Wrap &src,
+		ox::StringViewCR dstTypeName,
+		int const dstTypeVersion) noexcept {
+	return convert(
+			ctx,
+			converters(ctx),
+			src,
+			src.typeName(),
+			src.typeVersion(),
+			dstTypeName,
+			dstTypeVersion);
+}
+
 }

src/olympic/studio/applib/src/newmenu.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace studio {
 
 NewMenu::NewMenu() noexcept {
 	setTitle("New Item");
-	setSize({230, 140});
+	setSize({280, 180});
 }
 
 void NewMenu::open() noexcept {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ bool NewMenu::isOpen() const noexcept {
 	return m_open;
 }
 
-void NewMenu::draw(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
+void NewMenu::draw(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
 	switch (m_stage) {
 		case Stage::Opening:
 			ImGui::OpenPopup(title().c_str());
@@ -46,51 +46,73 @@ void NewMenu::draw(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
 		case Stage::NewItemName:
 			drawNewItemName(sctx);
 			break;
+		case Stage::NewItemTemplate:
+			drawNewItemTemplate(sctx);
+			break;
 		case Stage::Closed:
 			m_open = false;
 			break;
 	}
 }
 
-void NewMenu::addItemMaker(ox::UniquePtr<studio::ItemMaker> &&im) noexcept {
+void NewMenu::addItemMaker(ox::UPtr<ItemMaker> &&im) noexcept {
 	m_types.emplace_back(std::move(im));
 	std::sort(
 			m_types.begin(), m_types.end(),
 			[](ox::UPtr<ItemMaker> const&im1, ox::UPtr<ItemMaker> const&im2) {
-				 return im1->typeName < im2->typeName;
+				 return im1->typeDisplayName() < im2->typeDisplayName();
 			});
 }
 
-void NewMenu::drawNewItemType(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
-	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, &m_open, [this] {
-		auto const allocSz = m_types.size() * sizeof(char const*);
-		auto mem = ox_malloca(allocSz, char const*, nullptr);
-		auto items = ox::Span{mem.get(), allocSz};
-		for (auto i = 0u; auto const&im : m_types) {
-			items[i] = im->typeName.c_str();
-			++i;
+void NewMenu::installItemTemplate(ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate> &tmplt) noexcept {
+	for (auto const&im : m_types) {
+		if (im->installTemplate(tmplt)) {
+			break;
 		}
-		ImGui::ListBox("Item Type", &m_selectedType, items.data(), static_cast<int>(m_types.size()));
-		drawFirstPageButtons();
+	}
+}
+
+void NewMenu::drawNewItemType(StudioContext const&sctx) noexcept {
+	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, m_open, [this] {
+		ig::ListBox("Item Type", [&](size_t const i) -> ox::CStringView {
+			return m_types[i]->typeDisplayName();
+		}, m_types.size(), m_selectedType, {200, 100});
+		auto const&im = *m_types[m_selectedType];
+		drawFirstPageButtons(im.itemTemplates().size() == 1 ?
+			Stage::NewItemName : Stage::NewItemTemplate);
 	});
 }
 
-void NewMenu::drawNewItemName(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
-	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, &m_open, [this, &sctx] {
-		auto const typeIdx = static_cast<std::size_t>(m_selectedType);
-		if (typeIdx < m_types.size()) {
+void NewMenu::drawNewItemTemplate(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
+	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, m_open, [this] {
+		auto const&templates =
+			m_types[m_selectedType]->itemTemplates();
+		ig::ListBox("Template", [&](size_t const i) -> ox::CStringView {
+			return templates[i]->name();
+		}, templates.size(), m_selectedTemplate, {200, 100});
+		drawButtons(Stage::NewItemType, Stage::NewItemName);
+	});
+}
+
+void NewMenu::drawNewItemName(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
+	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, m_open, [this, &sctx] {
+		if (m_selectedType < m_types.size()) {
 			ig::InputText("Name", m_itemName);
 		}
 		drawLastPageButtons(sctx);
 	});
 }
 
-void NewMenu::drawFirstPageButtons() noexcept {
-	ImGui::SetCursorPosX(ImGui::GetCursorPosX() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().x - 130);
+void NewMenu::drawButtons(Stage const prev, Stage const next) noexcept {
+	ImGui::SetCursorPosX(ImGui::GetCursorPosX() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().x - 198);
 	ImGui::SetCursorPosY(ImGui::GetCursorPosY() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().y - 20);
-	auto const btnSz = ImVec2(60, 20);
+	constexpr ImVec2 btnSz{60, 20};
+	if (ImGui::Button("Back", btnSz)) {
+		m_stage = prev;
+	}
+	ImGui::SameLine();
 	if (ImGui::Button("Next", btnSz)) {
-		m_stage = Stage::NewItemName;
+		m_stage = next;
 	}
 	ImGui::SameLine();
 	if (ImGui::Button("Cancel", btnSz)) {
@@ -99,34 +121,50 @@ void NewMenu::drawFirstPageButtons() noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-void NewMenu::drawLastPageButtons(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
-	ImGui::SetCursorPosX(ImGui::GetCursorPosX() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().x - 138);
+void NewMenu::drawFirstPageButtons(Stage const next) noexcept {
+	ImGui::SetCursorPosX(ImGui::GetCursorPosX() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().x - 130);
 	ImGui::SetCursorPosY(ImGui::GetCursorPosY() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().y - 20);
-	if (ImGui::Button("Back")) {
-		m_stage = Stage::NewItemType;
+	constexpr ImVec2 btnSz{60, 20};
+	if (ImGui::Button("Next", btnSz)) {
+		m_stage = next;
 	}
 	ImGui::SameLine();
-	if (ImGui::Button("Finish")) {
-		finish(sctx);
-	}
-	ImGui::SameLine();
-	if (ImGui::Button("Quit")) {
+	if (ImGui::Button("Cancel", btnSz)) {
 		ImGui::CloseCurrentPopup();
 		m_stage = Stage::Closed;
 	}
 }
 
-void NewMenu::finish(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
+void NewMenu::drawLastPageButtons(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
+	ImGui::SetCursorPosX(ImGui::GetCursorPosX() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().x - 198);
+	ImGui::SetCursorPosY(ImGui::GetCursorPosY() + ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail().y - 20);
+	constexpr ImVec2 btnSz{60, 20};
+	if (ImGui::Button("Back", btnSz)) {
+		m_stage = Stage::NewItemType;
+	}
+	ImGui::SameLine();
+	if (ImGui::Button("Finish", btnSz)) {
+		finish(sctx);
+	}
+	ImGui::SameLine();
+	if (ImGui::Button("Quit", btnSz)) {
+		ImGui::CloseCurrentPopup();
+		m_stage = Stage::Closed;
+	}
+}
+
+void NewMenu::finish(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
 	if (m_itemName.len() == 0) {
-		oxLogError(ox::Error(1, "New file error: no file name"));
+		oxLogError(ox::Error{1, "New file error: no file name"});
 		return;
 	}
-	auto const&typeMaker = *m_types[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_selectedType)];
-	if (sctx.project->exists(typeMaker.itemPath(m_itemName))) {
-		oxLogError(ox::Error(1, "New file error: file already exists"));
+	auto const&im = *m_types[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_selectedType)];
+	if (sctx.project->exists(im.itemPath(m_itemName))) {
+		oxLogError(ox::Error{1, "New file error: file already exists"});
 		return;
 	}
-	auto const [path, err] = typeMaker.write(sctx, m_itemName);
+	auto const [path, err] =
+		im.write(sctx, m_itemName, m_selectedTemplate);
 	if (err) {
 		oxLogError(err);
 		return;

src/olympic/studio/applib/src/newmenu.hpp

@@ -13,13 +13,14 @@
 
 namespace studio {
 
-class NewMenu: public studio::Popup {
+class NewMenu final: public Popup {
 	public:
 		enum class Stage {
 			Closed,
 			Opening,
 			NewItemType,
 			NewItemName,
+			NewItemTemplate,
 		};
 
 		// emits path parameter
@@ -29,8 +30,9 @@ class NewMenu: public studio::Popup {
 		Stage m_stage = Stage::Closed;
 		ox::String m_typeName;
 		ox::IString<255> m_itemName;
-		ox::Vector<ox::UniquePtr<studio::ItemMaker>> m_types;
-		int m_selectedType = 0;
+		ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<studio::ItemMaker>> m_types;
+		size_t m_selectedType = 0;
+		size_t m_selectedTemplate = 0;
 		bool m_open = false;
 
 	public:
@@ -43,37 +45,70 @@ class NewMenu: public studio::Popup {
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		bool isOpen() const noexcept override;
 
-		void draw(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept override;
+		void draw(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept override;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		void addItemType(ox::String name, ox::String parentDir, ox::String fileExt, T itemTempl, ox::ClawFormat pFmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal) noexcept;
+		void addItemType(
+			ox::StringParam displayName,
+			ox::StringParam parentDir,
+			ox::StringParam fileExt,
+			T itemTempl,
+			ox::ClawFormat pFmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		void addItemType(ox::String name, ox::String parentDir, ox::String fileExt, ox::ClawFormat pFmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal) noexcept;
+		void addItemType(
+			ox::StringParam displayName,
+			ox::StringParam parentDir,
+			ox::StringParam fileExt,
+			ox::ClawFormat pFmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal) noexcept;
 
-		void addItemMaker(ox::UniquePtr<studio::ItemMaker> &&im) noexcept;
+		void addItemMaker(ox::UPtr<ItemMaker> &&im) noexcept;
+
+		void installItemTemplate(ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate> &tmplt) noexcept;
 
 	private:
-		void drawNewItemType(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
+		void drawNewItemType(StudioContext const&sctx) noexcept;
 
-		void drawNewItemName(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
+		void drawNewItemName(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
 
-		void drawFirstPageButtons() noexcept;
+		void drawNewItemTemplate(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
 
-		void drawLastPageButtons(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
+		void drawButtons(Stage prev, Stage next) noexcept;
 
-		void finish(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
+		void drawFirstPageButtons(Stage next) noexcept;
+
+		void drawLastPageButtons(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
+
+		void finish(StudioContext &sctx) noexcept;
 
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-void NewMenu::addItemType(ox::String displayName, ox::String parentDir, ox::String fileExt, T itemTempl, ox::ClawFormat pFmt) noexcept {
-	m_types.emplace_back(ox::make<studio::ItemMakerT<T>>(std::move(displayName), std::move(parentDir), std::move(fileExt), std::move(itemTempl), pFmt));
+void NewMenu::addItemType(
+	ox::StringParam displayName,
+	ox::StringParam parentDir,
+	ox::StringParam fileExt,
+	T itemTempl,
+	ox::ClawFormat const pFmt) noexcept {
+	m_types.emplace_back(ox::make<ItemMakerT<T>>(
+		std::move(displayName),
+		std::move(parentDir),
+		std::move(fileExt),
+		std::move(itemTempl),
+		pFmt));
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-void NewMenu::addItemType(ox::String displayName, ox::String parentDir, ox::String fileExt, ox::ClawFormat pFmt) noexcept {
-	m_types.emplace_back(ox::make<studio::ItemMakerT<T>>(std::move(displayName), std::move(parentDir), std::move(fileExt), pFmt));
+void NewMenu::addItemType(
+	ox::StringParam displayName,
+	ox::StringParam parentDir,
+	ox::StringParam fileExt,
+	ox::ClawFormat const pFmt) noexcept {
+	m_types.emplace_back(ox::make<ItemMakerT<T>>(
+		std::move(displayName),
+		std::move(parentDir),
+		std::move(fileExt),
+		pFmt));
 }
 
 }

src/olympic/studio/applib/src/newproject.cpp

@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ void NewProject::draw(studio::StudioContext &ctx) noexcept {
 }
 
 void NewProject::drawNewProjectName(studio::StudioContext &sctx) noexcept {
-	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, &m_open, [this, &sctx] {
-		ImGui::InputText("Name", m_projectName.data(), m_projectName.cap());
+	drawWindow(sctx.tctx, m_open, [this, &sctx] {
+		ig::InputText("Name", m_projectName);
 		ImGui::Text("Path: %s", m_projectPath.c_str());
 		if (ImGui::Button("Browse")) {
 			oxLogError(studio::chooseDirectory().moveTo(m_projectPath));

src/olympic/studio/applib/src/studioapp.cpp

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 
 namespace studio {
 
-static ox::Vector<studio::Module const*> modules;
+static ox::Vector<Module const*> modules;
 
-void registerModule(studio::Module const*mod) noexcept {
+void registerModule(Module const*mod) noexcept {
 	if (mod) {
 		modules.emplace_back(mod);
 	}
@@ -45,25 +45,25 @@ OX_MODEL_END()
 
 StudioUI::StudioUI(turbine::Context &ctx, ox::StringParam projectDataDir) noexcept:
 		m_sctx(*this, ctx),
-		m_ctx(ctx),
+		m_tctx(ctx),
 		m_projectDataDir(std::move(projectDataDir)),
-		m_projectExplorer(m_ctx),
+		m_projectExplorer(m_tctx),
 		m_newProject(m_projectDataDir),
-		m_aboutPopup(m_ctx) {
-	turbine::setApplicationData(m_ctx, &m_sctx);
+		m_aboutPopup(m_tctx) {
+	turbine::setApplicationData(m_tctx, &m_sctx);
 	m_projectExplorer.fileChosen.connect(this, &StudioUI::openFile);
 	m_newProject.finished.connect(this, &StudioUI::createOpenProject);
 	m_newMenu.finished.connect(this, &StudioUI::openFile);
 	ImGui::GetIO().IniFilename = nullptr;
 	loadModules();
 	// open project and files
-	auto const [config, err] = studio::readConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_ctx));
+	auto const [config, err] = studio::readConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_tctx));
 	m_showProjectExplorer = config.showProjectExplorer;
 	if (!err) {
 		auto const openProjErr = openProjectPath(config.projectPath);
 		if (!openProjErr) {
 			for (auto const&f: config.openFiles) {
-				auto openFileErr = openFileActiveTab(f, config.activeTabItemName == f);
+				auto const openFileErr = openFileActiveTab(f, config.activeTabItemName == f);
 				if (openFileErr) {
 					oxErrorf("\nCould not open editor for file:\n\t{}\nReason:\n\t{}\n", f, toStr(openFileErr));
 					continue;
@@ -77,13 +77,13 @@ StudioUI::StudioUI(turbine::Context &ctx, ox::StringParam projectDataDir) noexce
 		} else {
 			oxErrf(
 					"Could not open studio config file: {}: {} ({}:{})\n",
-					err.errCode, toStr(err), err.file, err.line);
+					err.errCode, toStr(err), err.src.file_name(), err.src.line());
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-void StudioUI::handleKeyEvent(turbine::Key key, bool down) noexcept {
-	for (auto p : m_popups) {
+void StudioUI::handleKeyEvent(turbine::Key const key, bool const down) noexcept {
+	for (auto const p : m_popups) {
 		if (p->isOpen()) {
 			if (key == turbine::Key::Escape) {
 				p->close();
@@ -118,13 +118,13 @@ void StudioUI::draw() noexcept {
 		for (auto &w: m_widgets) {
 			w->draw(m_sctx);
 		}
-		for (auto p: m_popups) {
+		for (auto const p: m_popups) {
 			p->draw(m_sctx);
 		}
 	}
 	ImGui::End();
 	handleKeyInput();
-	m_taskRunner.update(m_ctx);
+	m_taskRunner.update(m_tctx);
 }
 
 void StudioUI::drawMenu() noexcept {
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ void StudioUI::drawMenu() noexcept {
 				m_activeEditor->save();
 			}
 			if (ImGui::MenuItem("Quit", "Ctrl+Q")) {
-				turbine::requestShutdown(m_ctx);
+				turbine::requestShutdown(m_tctx);
 			}
 			ImGui::EndMenu();
 		}
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void StudioUI::drawMenu() noexcept {
 			ImGui::EndMenu();
 		}
 		if (ImGui::BeginMenu("View")) {
-			if (ImGui::MenuItem("Project Explorer", "Ctrl+1", m_showProjectExplorer)) {
+			if (ImGui::MenuItem("Project Explorer", "Ctrl+Shift+1", m_showProjectExplorer)) {
 				toggleProjectExplorer();
 			}
 			ImGui::EndMenu();
@@ -204,9 +204,10 @@ void StudioUI::drawTabs() noexcept {
 		if (ImGui::BeginTabItem(e->itemDisplayName().c_str(), &open, flags)) {
 			if (m_activeEditor != e.get()) [[unlikely]] {
 				m_activeEditor = e.get();
-				studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_ctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
+				studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_tctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
 					config.activeTabItemName = m_activeEditor->itemPath();
 				});
+				turbine::setRefreshWithin(m_tctx, 0);
 			} else [[likely]] {
 				if (m_activeEditorUpdatePending == e.get()) [[unlikely]] {
 					m_activeEditorUpdatePending = nullptr;
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@ void StudioUI::drawTabs() noexcept {
 			try {
 				OX_THROW_ERROR(m_editors.erase(it).moveTo(it));
 			} catch (ox::Exception const&ex) {
-				oxErrf("Editor tab deletion failed: {} ({}:{})\n", ex.what(), ex.file, ex.line);
+				oxErrf("Editor tab deletion failed: {} ({}:{})\n", ex.what(), ex.src.file_name(), ex.src.line());
 			} catch (std::exception const&ex) {
 				oxErrf("Editor tab deletion failed: {}\n", ex.what());
 			}
@@ -237,19 +238,23 @@ void StudioUI::drawTabs() noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-void StudioUI::loadEditorMaker(studio::EditorMaker const&editorMaker) noexcept {
+void StudioUI::loadEditorMaker(EditorMaker const&editorMaker) noexcept {
 	for (auto const&ext : editorMaker.fileTypes) {
 		m_editorMakers[ext] = editorMaker.make;
 	}
 }
 
-void StudioUI::loadModule(studio::Module const&mod) noexcept {
+void StudioUI::loadModule(Module const&mod) noexcept {
 	for (auto const&editorMaker : mod.editors(m_sctx)) {
 		loadEditorMaker(editorMaker);
 	}
 	for (auto &im : mod.itemMakers(m_sctx)) {
 		m_newMenu.addItemMaker(std::move(im));
 	}
+	auto tmplts = mod.itemTemplates(m_sctx);
+	for (auto &t : tmplts) {
+		m_newMenu.installItemTemplate(t);
+	}
 }
 
 void StudioUI::loadModules() noexcept {
@@ -260,20 +265,20 @@ void StudioUI::loadModules() noexcept {
 
 void StudioUI::toggleProjectExplorer() noexcept {
 	m_showProjectExplorer = !m_showProjectExplorer;
-	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_ctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
+	editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_tctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
 		config.showProjectExplorer = m_showProjectExplorer;
 	});
 }
 
 void StudioUI::redo() noexcept {
-	auto undoStack = m_activeEditor ? m_activeEditor->undoStack() : nullptr;
+	auto const undoStack = m_activeEditor ? m_activeEditor->undoStack() : nullptr;
 	if (undoStack && undoStack->canRedo()) {
 		 oxLogError(m_activeEditor->undoStack()->redo());
 	}
 }
 
 void StudioUI::undo() noexcept {
-	auto undoStack = m_activeEditor ? m_activeEditor->undoStack() : nullptr;
+	auto const undoStack = m_activeEditor ? m_activeEditor->undoStack() : nullptr;
 	if (undoStack && undoStack->canUndo()) {
 		 oxLogError(m_activeEditor->undoStack()->undo());
 	}
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@ void StudioUI::handleKeyInput() noexcept {
 				m_activeEditor->copy();
 			}
 		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_N)) {
-			if (turbine::buttonDown(m_ctx, turbine::Key::Mod_Shift)) {
+			if (turbine::buttonDown(m_tctx, turbine::Key::Mod_Shift)) {
 				m_newProject.open();
 			} else {
 				m_newMenu.open();
@@ -302,7 +307,7 @@ void StudioUI::handleKeyInput() noexcept {
 		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_S)) {
 			save();
 		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_Q)) {
-			turbine::requestShutdown(m_ctx);
+			turbine::requestShutdown(m_tctx);
 		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_V)) {
 			if (m_activeEditor && m_activeEditor->pasteEnabled()) {
 				m_activeEditor->paste();
@@ -317,8 +322,22 @@ void StudioUI::handleKeyInput() noexcept {
 		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_Z)) {
 			auto const undoStack = m_activeEditor ? m_activeEditor->undoStack() : nullptr;
 			if (undoStack) { oxLogError(undoStack->undo()); }
-		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_1)) {
+		} else if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_1) && ImGui::IsKeyDown(ImGuiKey_ModShift)) {
 			toggleProjectExplorer();
+		} else {
+			if (!m_editors.empty()) {
+				auto const range = ox::min<size_t>(9u, m_editors.size()) - 1;
+				for (auto i = 0u; i < 9; ++i) {
+					if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(static_cast<ImGuiKey>(static_cast<int>(ImGuiKey_1) + i))) {
+						m_activeEditor = m_editors[i < m_editors.size() ? i : range].get();
+						m_activeEditorUpdatePending = m_activeEditor;
+					}
+				}
+				if (ImGui::IsKeyPressed(ImGuiKey_0)) {
+					m_activeEditor = m_editors[10 < m_editors.size() ? 10 : range].get();
+					m_activeEditorUpdatePending = m_activeEditor;
+				}
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -333,18 +352,18 @@ ox::Error StudioUI::createOpenProject(ox::StringViewCR path) noexcept {
 
 ox::Error StudioUI::openProjectPath(ox::StringParam path) noexcept {
 	OX_REQUIRE_M(fs, keel::loadRomFs(path.view()));
-	OX_RETURN_ERROR(keel::setRomFs(keelCtx(m_ctx), std::move(fs)));
+	OX_RETURN_ERROR(keel::setRomFs(keelCtx(m_tctx), std::move(fs)));
 	OX_RETURN_ERROR(
-			ox::make_unique_catch<studio::Project>(keelCtx(m_ctx), std::move(path), m_projectDataDir)
+			ox::make_unique_catch<Project>(keelCtx(m_tctx), std::move(path), m_projectDataDir)
 			        .moveTo(m_project));
-	auto const sctx = applicationData<studio::StudioContext>(m_ctx);
+	auto const sctx = applicationData<StudioContext>(m_tctx);
 	sctx->project = m_project.get();
-	turbine::setWindowTitle(m_ctx, ox::sfmt("{} - {}", keelCtx(m_ctx).appName, m_project->projectPath()));
+	turbine::setWindowTitle(m_tctx, ox::sfmt("{} - {}", keelCtx(m_tctx).appName, m_project->projectPath()));
 	m_project->fileAdded.connect(&m_projectExplorer, &ProjectExplorer::refreshProjectTreeModel);
 	m_project->fileDeleted.connect(&m_projectExplorer, &ProjectExplorer::refreshProjectTreeModel);
 	m_openFiles.clear();
 	m_editors.clear();
-	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_ctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
+	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_tctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
 		config.projectPath = ox::String(m_project->projectPath());
 		config.openFiles.clear();
 	});
@@ -355,7 +374,7 @@ ox::Error StudioUI::openFile(ox::StringViewCR path) noexcept {
 	return openFileActiveTab(path, true);
 }
 
-ox::Error StudioUI::openFileActiveTab(ox::StringViewCR path, bool makeActiveTab) noexcept {
+ox::Error StudioUI::openFileActiveTab(ox::StringViewCR path, bool const makeActiveTab) noexcept {
 	if (!m_project) {
 		return ox::Error(1, "No project open to open a file from");
 	}
@@ -369,7 +388,7 @@ ox::Error StudioUI::openFileActiveTab(ox::StringViewCR path, bool makeActiveTab)
 		}
 		return {};
 	}
-	OX_REQUIRE(ext, studio::fileExt(path));
+	OX_REQUIRE(ext, fileExt(path));
 	// create Editor
 	BaseEditor *editor = nullptr;
 	auto const err = m_editorMakers.contains(ext) ?
@@ -379,7 +398,7 @@ ox::Error StudioUI::openFileActiveTab(ox::StringViewCR path, bool makeActiveTab)
 		if constexpr(!ox::defines::Debug) {
 			oxErrf("Could not open Editor: {}\n", toStr(err));
 		} else {
-			oxErrf("Could not open Editor: {} ({}:{})\n", err.errCode, err.file, err.line);
+			oxErrf("Could not open Editor: {} ({}:{})\n", err.errCode, err.src.file_name(), err.src.line());
 		}
 		return err;
 	}
@@ -391,7 +410,7 @@ ox::Error StudioUI::openFileActiveTab(ox::StringViewCR path, bool makeActiveTab)
 		m_activeEditorUpdatePending = editor;
 	}
 	// save to config
-	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_ctx), [&path](StudioConfig &config) {
+	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_tctx), [&path](StudioConfig &config) {
 		if (!config.openFiles.contains(path)) {
 			config.openFiles.emplace_back(path);
 		}
@@ -405,7 +424,7 @@ ox::Error StudioUI::closeFile(ox::StringViewCR path) noexcept {
 	}
 	std::ignore = m_openFiles.erase(std::remove(m_openFiles.begin(), m_openFiles.end(), path));
 	// save to config
-	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_ctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
+	studio::editConfig<StudioConfig>(keelCtx(m_tctx), [&](StudioConfig &config) {
 		std::ignore = config.openFiles.erase(std::remove(config.openFiles.begin(), config.openFiles.end(), path));
 	});
 	return {};

src/olympic/studio/applib/src/studioapp.hpp

@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ class StudioUI: public ox::SignalHandler {
 	friend class StudioUIDrawer;
 
 	private:
-		studio::StudioContext m_sctx;
-		turbine::Context &m_ctx;
+		StudioContext m_sctx;
+		turbine::Context &m_tctx;
 		ox::String m_projectDataDir;
-		ox::UPtr<studio::Project> m_project;
-		studio::TaskRunner m_taskRunner;
-		ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<studio::BaseEditor>> m_editors;
-		ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<studio::Widget>> m_widgets;
-		ox::HashMap<ox::String, studio::EditorMaker::Func> m_editorMakers;
+		ox::UPtr<Project> m_project;
+		TaskRunner m_taskRunner;
+		ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<BaseEditor>> m_editors;
+		ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<Widget>> m_widgets;
+		ox::HashMap<ox::String, EditorMaker::Func> m_editorMakers;
 		ProjectExplorer m_projectExplorer;
 		ox::Vector<ox::String> m_openFiles;
-		studio::BaseEditor *m_activeEditorOnLastDraw = nullptr;
-		studio::BaseEditor *m_activeEditor = nullptr;
-		studio::BaseEditor *m_activeEditorUpdatePending = nullptr;
+		BaseEditor *m_activeEditorOnLastDraw = nullptr;
+		BaseEditor *m_activeEditor = nullptr;
+		BaseEditor *m_activeEditorUpdatePending = nullptr;
 		NewMenu m_newMenu;
 		NewProject m_newProject;
 		AboutPopup m_aboutPopup;
-		ox::Array<studio::Popup*, 3> const m_popups = {
+		ox::Array<Popup*, 3> const m_popups = {
 			&m_newMenu,
 			&m_newProject,
 			&m_aboutPopup
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class StudioUI: public ox::SignalHandler {
 		void handleKeyEvent(turbine::Key, bool down) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr studio::Project *project() noexcept {
+		constexpr Project *project() noexcept {
 			return m_project.get();
 		}
 
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ class StudioUI: public ox::SignalHandler {
 
 		void drawTabs() noexcept;
 
-		void loadEditorMaker(studio::EditorMaker const&editorMaker) noexcept;
+		void loadEditorMaker(EditorMaker const&editorMaker) noexcept;
 
-		void loadModule(studio::Module const&mod) noexcept;
+		void loadModule(Module const&mod) noexcept;
 
 		void loadModules() noexcept;
 

src/olympic/studio/modlib/include/studio/imguiutil.hpp

@@ -214,7 +214,8 @@ bool ListBox(
 		ox::CStringViewCR name,
 		std::function<ox::CStringView(size_t)> const&f,
 		size_t strCnt,
-		size_t &selIdx) noexcept;
+		size_t &selIdx,
+		ImVec2 const&sz = {0, 0}) noexcept;
 
 /**
  *

src/olympic/studio/modlib/include/studio/itemmaker.hpp

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <ox/claw/claw.hpp>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include <ox/model/typenamecatcher.hpp>
 
 #include <keel/media.hpp>
 #include <turbine/context.hpp>
@@ -13,75 +15,212 @@
 
 namespace studio {
 
-class ItemMaker {
+class ItemTemplate {
+	private:
+		ox::String const m_name{"Default"};
+
 	public:
-		ox::String const typeName;
-		ox::String const parentDir;
-		ox::String const fileExt;
-		constexpr explicit ItemMaker(
+		explicit ItemTemplate() noexcept = default;
+
+		explicit ItemTemplate(ox::StringParam name) noexcept: m_name{std::move(name)} {}
+
+		virtual ~ItemTemplate() = default;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr ox::String const&name() const noexcept {
+			return m_name;
+		}
+
+		constexpr bool operator<=>(ItemTemplate const&other) const noexcept {
+			return m_name != other.name() ? (m_name < other.name() ? -1 : 1) : 0;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		ox::CStringView displayName() const noexcept {
+			return m_name;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual ox::CStringView typeName() const noexcept = 0;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual int typeVersion() const noexcept = 0;
+
+		virtual ox::Result<ox::UAnyPtr> getItem(
+			keel::Context &ctx, ox::StringViewCR name, int version) noexcept = 0;
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class ItemTemplateT: public ItemTemplate {
+	private:
+		T const m_item;
+
+	public:
+		constexpr ItemTemplateT() noexcept = default;
+
+		explicit ItemTemplateT(ox::StringParam name, T item) noexcept:
+			ItemTemplate{std::move(name)}, m_item{std::move(item)} {}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		ox::CStringView typeName() const noexcept final {
+			return ox::ModelTypeName_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int typeVersion() const noexcept final {
+			return ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		ox::Result<ox::UAnyPtr> getItem(
+				keel::Context &kctx, ox::StringViewCR name, int const version) noexcept final {
+			if (ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<T> != version || ox::ModelTypeName_v<T> != name) {
+				OX_REQUIRE_M(item, keel::convert(kctx, m_item, name, version));
+				auto out = ox::Result<ox::UAnyPtr>{item->moveToCopy()};
+				ox::safeDelete(item.release());
+				return out;
+			}
+			return ox::UAnyPtr{new T{m_item}};
+		}
+
+};
+
+class ItemMaker {
+	private:
+		ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate>> m_templates;
+		ox::String const m_parentDir;
+		ox::String const m_fileExt;
+		ox::String const m_typeDisplayName;
+
+	public:
+		constexpr ItemMaker(
 				ox::StringParam pName,
 				ox::StringParam pParentDir,
 				ox::StringParam pFileExt) noexcept:
-			typeName{std::move(pName)},
-			parentDir{std::move(pParentDir)},
-			fileExt{std::move(pFileExt)} {
+			m_parentDir{std::move(pParentDir)},
+			m_fileExt{std::move(pFileExt)},
+			m_typeDisplayName{std::move(pName)} {
 		}
+
 		virtual ~ItemMaker() noexcept = default;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		virtual ox::String itemPath(ox::StringView pName) const noexcept {
-			return ox::sfmt("/{}/{}.{}", parentDir, pName, fileExt);
+		ox::String const&typeDisplayName() const noexcept {
+			return m_typeDisplayName;
 		}
 
+		bool installTemplate(ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate> &tmpl) {
+			if (typeName() == tmpl->typeName() &&
+			    typeVersion() <= tmpl->typeVersion()) {
+                m_templates.emplace_back(std::move(tmpl));
+				// begin() + 1 because 'Default' should always be first
+                std::sort(m_templates.begin() + 1, m_templates.end());
+				return true;
+            }
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		bool installTemplate(ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate> &&tmpl) {
+			return installTemplate(tmpl);
+		}
+
+		constexpr ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate>> const&itemTemplates() const noexcept {
+			return m_templates;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		ox::String itemPath(ox::StringViewCR pName) const noexcept {
+			return ox::sfmt("/{}/{}.{}", m_parentDir, pName, m_fileExt);
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual ox::StringView typeName() const noexcept = 0;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual int typeVersion() const noexcept = 0;
+
 		/**
 		 * Returns path of the file created.
 		 * @param ctx
 		 * @param pName
+		 * @param pTemplateIdx
 		 * @return path of file or error in Result
 		 */
-		virtual ox::Result<ox::String> write(StudioContext &ctx, ox::StringView pName) const noexcept = 0;
+		virtual ox::Result<ox::String> write(
+			StudioContext &ctx, ox::StringViewCR pName, size_t pTemplateIdx) const noexcept = 0;
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-class ItemMakerT: public ItemMaker {
+class ItemMakerT final: public ItemMaker {
 	private:
-		T const m_item;
 		ox::ClawFormat const m_fmt;
+
 	public:
 		constexpr ItemMakerT(
 				ox::StringParam pDisplayName,
 				ox::StringParam pParentDir,
 				ox::StringParam fileExt,
-				ox::ClawFormat pFmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal) noexcept:
-			ItemMaker(std::move(pDisplayName), std::move(pParentDir), std::move(fileExt)),
-			m_fmt(pFmt) {
+				ox::ClawFormat const pFmt = ox::ClawFormat::Metal) noexcept:
+				ItemMaker(
+					std::move(pDisplayName),
+					std::move(pParentDir),
+					std::move(fileExt)),
+				m_fmt{pFmt} {
+			installTemplate(ox::make_unique<ItemTemplateT<T>>());
 		}
+
 		constexpr ItemMakerT(
 				ox::StringParam pDisplayName,
 				ox::StringParam pParentDir,
 				ox::StringParam fileExt,
-				T pItem,
-				ox::ClawFormat pFmt) noexcept:
-			ItemMaker(std::move(pDisplayName), std::move(pParentDir), std::move(fileExt)),
-			m_item(std::move(pItem)),
-			m_fmt(pFmt) {
+				T const&pItem,
+				ox::ClawFormat const pFmt) noexcept:
+				ItemMaker(
+					std::move(pDisplayName),
+					std::move(pParentDir),
+					std::move(fileExt)),
+				m_fmt{pFmt} {
+			installTemplate(ox::make_unique<ItemTemplateT<T>>(std::move(pItem)));
 		}
+
 		constexpr ItemMakerT(
 				ox::StringParam pDisplayName,
 				ox::StringParam pParentDir,
 				ox::StringParam fileExt,
 				T &&pItem,
-				ox::ClawFormat pFmt) noexcept:
-			ItemMaker(std::move(pDisplayName), std::move(pParentDir), std::move(fileExt)),
-			m_item(std::move(pItem)),
-			m_fmt(pFmt) {
+				ox::ClawFormat const pFmt) noexcept:
+				ItemMaker(
+					std::move(pDisplayName),
+					std::move(pParentDir),
+					std::move(fileExt)),
+				m_fmt{pFmt} {
+			installTemplate(ox::make_unique<ItemTemplateT<T>>(std::move(pItem)));
 		}
-		ox::Result<ox::String> write(studio::StudioContext &sctx, ox::StringView const pName) const noexcept override {
+
+		ox::StringView typeName() const noexcept override {
+			return ox::ModelTypeName_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		int typeVersion() const noexcept override {
+			return ox::ModelTypeVersion_v<T>;
+		}
+
+		ox::Result<ox::String> write(
+			StudioContext &sctx,
+			ox::StringViewCR pName,
+			size_t const pTemplateIdx) const noexcept override {
 			auto const path = itemPath(pName);
 			createUuidMapping(keelCtx(sctx.tctx), path, ox::UUID::generate().unwrap());
-			OX_RETURN_ERROR(sctx.project->writeObj(path, m_item, m_fmt));
+			auto const&templates = itemTemplates();
+			auto const tmplIdx = pTemplateIdx < templates.size() ? pTemplateIdx : 0;
+			OX_REQUIRE_M(tmpl, templates[tmplIdx]->getItem(
+				keelCtx(sctx), typeName(), typeVersion()));
+			auto item = tmpl.template get<T>();
+			OX_RETURN_ERROR(sctx.project->writeObj(path, *item, m_fmt));
+			tmpl.free();
 			return path;
 		}
+
 };
 
 }

src/olympic/studio/modlib/include/studio/module.hpp

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ class Module {
 
 		virtual ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemMaker>> itemMakers(studio::StudioContext&) const;
 
+		virtual ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate>> itemTemplates(studio::StudioContext&) const;
+
 };
 
 template<typename Editor>

src/olympic/studio/modlib/include/studio/popup.hpp

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class Popup {
 			return m_title;
 		}
 
-		void drawWindow(turbine::Context &ctx, bool *open, std::function<void()> const&drawContents);
+		void drawWindow(turbine::Context &ctx, bool &open, std::function<void()> const&drawContents);
 
 };
 

src/olympic/studio/modlib/include/studio/undocommand.hpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace studio {
 class NoChangesException: public ox::Exception {
 	public:
 		inline NoChangesException(std::source_location sloc = std::source_location::current()):
-				ox::Exception(sloc.file_name(), sloc.line(), 1, "Command makes no changes.") {}
+				ox::Exception(1, "Command makes no changes.", sloc) {}
 };
 
 class UndoCommand {

src/olympic/studio/modlib/src/editor.cpp

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ void BaseEditor::save() noexcept {
 		setUnsavedChanges(false);
 	} else {
 		if constexpr(ox::defines::Debug) {
-			oxErrorf("Could not save file {}: {} ({}:{})", itemPath(), toStr(err), err.file, err.line);
+			oxErrorf("Could not save file {}: {} ({}:{})", itemPath(), toStr(err), err.src.file_name(), err.src.line());
 		} else {
 			oxErrorf("Could not save file {}: {}", itemPath(), toStr(err));
 		}

src/olympic/studio/modlib/src/imguiutil.cpp

@@ -136,11 +136,12 @@ bool FileComboBox(
 bool ListBox(
 		ox::CStringViewCR name,
 		std::function<ox::CStringView(size_t)> const&f,
-		size_t strCnt,
-		size_t &selIdx) noexcept {
+		size_t const strCnt,
+		size_t &selIdx,
+		ImVec2 const&sz) noexcept {
 	auto out = false;
-	if (ImGui::BeginListBox(name.c_str())) {
-		for (auto i = 0u; i < strCnt; ++i) {
+	if (ImGui::BeginListBox(name.c_str(), sz)) {
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < strCnt; ++i) {
 			auto str = f(i);
 			ig::IDStackItem const idStackItem2(static_cast<int>(i));
 			if (ImGui::Selectable(str.c_str(), selIdx == i)) {
@@ -161,6 +162,12 @@ bool ListBox(ox::CStringViewCR name, ox::SpanView<ox::String> const&list, size_t
 	}, list.size(), selIdx);
 }
 
+bool ListBox(ox::CStringViewCR name, ox::SpanView<ox::CStringView> const&list, size_t &selIdx) noexcept {
+	return ListBox(name, [list](size_t i) -> ox::CStringView {
+		return list[i];
+	}, list.size(), selIdx);
+}
+
 
 FilePicker::FilePicker(
 		StudioContext &sctx,

src/olympic/studio/modlib/src/module.cpp

@@ -6,11 +6,15 @@
 
 namespace studio {
 
-ox::Vector<EditorMaker> Module::editors(studio::StudioContext&) const {
+ox::Vector<EditorMaker> Module::editors(StudioContext&) const {
 	return {};
 }
 
-ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemMaker>> Module::itemMakers(studio::StudioContext&) const {
+ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemMaker>> Module::itemMakers(StudioContext&) const {
+	return {};
+}
+
+ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<ItemTemplate>> Module::itemTemplates(StudioContext&) const {
 	return {};
 }
 

src/olympic/studio/modlib/src/popup.cpp

@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
 
 namespace studio {
 
-void Popup::drawWindow(turbine::Context &ctx, bool *open, std::function<void()> const&drawContents) {
+void Popup::drawWindow(turbine::Context &ctx, bool &open, std::function<void()> const&drawContents) {
 	studio::ig::centerNextWindow(ctx);
 	ImGui::SetNextWindowSize(static_cast<ImVec2>(m_size));
 	constexpr auto modalFlags = ImGuiWindowFlags_NoCollapse | ImGuiWindowFlags_NoMove | ImGuiWindowFlags_NoResize;
-	if (ImGui::BeginPopupModal(m_title.c_str(), open, modalFlags)) {
+	if (ImGui::BeginPopupModal(m_title.c_str(), &open, modalFlags)) {
 		drawContents();
 		ImGui::EndPopup();
 	}

src/olympic/turbine/src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ target_include_directories(
 )
 
 target_sources(
-	Turbine PUBLIC
+	Turbine PRIVATE
 		turbine.cpp
 )
 

util/Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM fedora:36
+FROM fedora:41
 
 RUN dnf update -y
 

util/scripts/pkg-gba.py

@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ project_name = sys.argv[2]
 bin = f'./build/{host_env}-{current_build}/bin/'
 project_bin = f'build/gba-release/bin/{project_name}.bin'
 project_gba = f'{project_name}.gba'
-project_manifest = f'{project_name}-manifest.json'
+project_manifest = f'{project_name.lower()}-manifest.json'
 
 shutil.copyfile(project_bin, project_gba)
 subprocess.run([
-    f'{bin}/{project_name}-pack',
+    f'{bin}/{project_name.lower()}-pack',
         '-src', project_dir,
         '-rom-bin', project_gba,
         '-manifest', project_manifest])