[nostalgia,olympic] Remove src as include directory

.clang-tidy

@@ -4,10 +4,9 @@ Checks: '-*,
 cppcoreguidelines-interfaces-global-init,
 cppcoreguidelines-narrowing-conversions,
 cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init,
-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,
+-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,
 cppcoreguidelines-slicing,
 google-default-arguments,
-google-explicit-constructor,
 google-runtime-operator,
 hicpp-exception-baseclass,
 hicpp-multiway-paths-covered,
@@ -53,6 +52,7 @@ readability-uniqueptr-delete-release,
 readability-use-anyofallof,
 cert-*,
 misc-*,
+-misc-include-cleaner
 -misc-use-anonymous-namespace,
 readability-duplicate-include,
 -misc-non-private-member-variables-in-classes,

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# This file is a template, and might need editing before it works on your project.
+# You can copy and paste this template into a new `.gitlab-ci.yml` file.
+# You should not add this template to an existing `.gitlab-ci.yml` file by using the `include:` keyword.
+#
+# To contribute improvements to CI/CD templates, please follow the Development guide at:
+# https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/cicd/templates.html
+# This specific template is located at:
+# https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/C++.gitlab-ci.yml
+
+# use the official gcc image, based on debian
+# can use versions as well, like gcc:5.2
+# see https://hub.docker.com/_/gcc/
+
+image: gcc
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  variables:
+    OX_NODEBUG: 1
+  before_script:
+     - apt update && apt -y install make cmake ninja-build pkg-config xorg-dev libgtk-3-dev python3 python3-mypy
+  script:
+    - make purge configure-release test install
+    - make purge configure-asan test install

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -65,7 +65,11 @@ if(NOT BUILDCORE_TARGET STREQUAL "gba")
 			/usr/local/include
 	)
 	add_subdirectory(deps/glad)
+	set(GLFW_BUILD_EXAMPLES OFF)
+	set(GLFW_BUILD_TESTS OFF)
+	set(GLFW_BUILD_DOCS OFF)
 	add_subdirectory(deps/glfw)
+	add_subdirectory(deps/glutils)
 	add_subdirectory(deps/imgui)
 	add_subdirectory(deps/lodepng)
 	add_subdirectory(deps/nfde)

Makefile

@@ -3,29 +3,29 @@ BUILDCORE_PATH=deps/buildcore
 include ${BUILDCORE_PATH}/base.mk
 
 ifeq ($(BC_VAR_OS),darwin)
-	NOSTALGIA_STUDIO=./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/nostalgia-studio.app/Contents/MacOS/nostalgia-studio
+	NOSTALGIA_STUDIO=./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}-studio.app/Contents/MacOS/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}-studio
 	MGBA=/Applications/mGBA.app/Contents/MacOS/mGBA
 else
-	NOSTALGIA_STUDIO=./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/nostalgia-studio
+	NOSTALGIA_STUDIO=./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}-studio
 	MGBA=mgba-qt
 endif
 
 .PHONY: pkg-gba
 pkg-gba: build
-	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./scripts/pkg-gba.py sample_project
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_PY3} ./scripts/pkg-gba.py sample_project ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}
 
 .PHONY: run
 run: build
-	./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/nostalgia sample_project
+	./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME} sample_project
 .PHONY: run-studio
 run-studio: build
 	${NOSTALGIA_STUDIO}
 .PHONY: gba-run
 gba-run: pkg-gba
-	${MGBA} nostalgia.gba
+	${MGBA} ${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME}.gba
 .PHONY: debug
 debug: build
-	${BC_CMD_HOST_DEBUGGER} ./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/nostalgia sample_project
+	${BC_CMD_HOST_DEBUGGER} ./build/${BC_VAR_CURRENT_BUILD}/bin/${BC_VAR_PROJECT_NAME} sample_project
 .PHONY: debug-studio
 debug-studio: build
 	${BC_CMD_HOST_DEBUGGER} ${NOSTALGIA_STUDIO}

README.md

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ For Debian (and probably other Linux distros, but the package names will
 probably differ), install the following additional packages:
 * pkg-config
 * xorg-dev
+* libgtk-3-dev
 
 ## Build
 

deps/buildcore/base.mk

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ purge:
 	${BC_CMD_RM_RF} compile_commands.json
 .PHONY: test
 test: build
-	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} mypy ${BC_VAR_SCRIPTS}
+	${BC_CMD_ENVRUN} ${BC_CMD_PY3} -m mypy ${BC_VAR_SCRIPTS}
 	${BC_CMD_CMAKE_BUILD} ${BC_VAR_BUILD_PATH} test
 .PHONY: test-verbose
 test-verbose: build

deps/glutils/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+project(GlUtils CXX)
+
+add_subdirectory(src)
+
+install(
+    DIRECTORY
+        include/glutils
+    DESTINATION
+        include
+)

deps/glutils/include/glutils/glutils.hpp

@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@
 #include <glad/glad.h>
 
 #include <ox/std/bounds.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/cstringview.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/error.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/size.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/string.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/vector.hpp>
 
 namespace glutils {
 
-constexpr ox::StringView GlslVersion = "#version 330";
-
 struct Empty {
 	virtual ~Empty() noexcept = default;
 };
@@ -151,9 +151,7 @@ class FrameBufferBind {
 void bind(const FrameBuffer &fb) noexcept;
 
 
-ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(const GLchar *vert, const GLchar *frag, const GLchar *geo = nullptr) noexcept;
-
-ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(const ox::String &vert, const ox::String &frag, const ox::String &geo = "") noexcept;
+ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(ox::CStringView const&vert, ox::CStringView const&frag, ox::CStringView const&geo = "") noexcept;
 
 glutils::GLVertexArray generateVertexArrayObject() noexcept;
 
@@ -165,7 +163,9 @@ FrameBuffer generateFrameBuffer(int width, int height) noexcept;
 /**
  * Resizes a FrameBuffer, and creates if it does not already exist.
  */
-void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer *fb, int width, int height) noexcept;
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept;
+
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, ox::Size const&sz) noexcept;
 
 struct BufferSet {
 	glutils::GLVertexArray vao;
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ struct BufferSet {
 	ox::Vector<GLuint> elements;
 };
 
-void sendVbo(const BufferSet &bs) noexcept;
+void sendVbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept;
                             
-void sendEbo(const BufferSet &bs) noexcept;
+void sendEbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept;
 
 void clearScreen() noexcept;
 

deps/glutils/src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,19 +3,17 @@ add_library(
 		glutils.cpp
 )
 
+target_include_directories(
+	GlUtils PUBLIC
+		../include
+)
+
 target_link_libraries(
 	GlUtils PUBLIC
 		OxStd
 		glad
 )
 
-install(
-	FILES
-		glutils.hpp
-	DESTINATION
-		include/glutils
-)
-
 install(
 	TARGETS
 		GlUtils

deps/glutils/src/glutils.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #include <ox/std/bstring.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/trace.hpp>
 
-#include "glutils.hpp"
+#include "glutils/glutils.hpp"
 
 namespace glutils {
 
@@ -88,27 +88,23 @@ static ox::Result<GLShader> buildShader(
 	return shader;
 }
 
-ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(const GLchar *vert, const GLchar *frag, const GLchar *geo) noexcept {
+ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(
+		ox::CStringView const&vert,
+		ox::CStringView const&frag,
+		ox::CStringView const&geo) noexcept {
 	GLProgram prgm(glCreateProgram());
-	oxRequire(vs, buildShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vert, "vshad"));
+	oxRequire(vs, buildShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vert.c_str(), "vshad"));
 	glAttachShader(prgm, vs);
-	if (geo && ox_strlen(geo) != 0) {
-		oxRequire(gs, buildShader(GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER, geo, "gshad"));
+	if (geo.c_str() && geo.bytes() != 0) {
+		oxRequire(gs, buildShader(GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER, geo.c_str(), "gshad"));
 		glAttachShader(prgm, gs);
 	}
-	oxRequire(fs, buildShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, frag, "fshad"));
+	oxRequire(fs, buildShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, frag.c_str(), "fshad"));
 	glAttachShader(prgm, fs);
 	glLinkProgram(prgm);
 	return prgm;
 }
 
-ox::Result<GLProgram> buildShaderProgram(
-		const ox::String &vert,
-		const ox::String &frag,
-		const ox::String &geo) noexcept {
-	return buildShaderProgram(vert.c_str(), frag.c_str(), geo.c_str());
-}
-
 GLVertexArray generateVertexArrayObject() noexcept {
 	GLVertexArray vao;
 	glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao.id);
@@ -133,8 +129,9 @@ FrameBuffer generateFrameBuffer(int width, int height) noexcept {
 	glGenTextures(1, &fb.color.id);
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color);
 	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
 	glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color, 0);
 	// depth texture
 	glGenRenderbuffers(1, &fb.depth.id);
@@ -150,21 +147,23 @@ FrameBuffer generateFrameBuffer(int width, int height) noexcept {
 	return fb;
 }
 
-void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer *fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
-	if (!*fb) {
-		*fb = generateFrameBuffer(width, height);
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
+	if (!fb) {
+		fb = generateFrameBuffer(width, height);
 		return;
 	}
 	width = ox::max(1, width);
 	height = ox::max(1, height);
-	fb->width = width;
-	fb->height = height;
-	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, *fb);
+	fb.width = width;
+	fb.height = height;
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fb);
 	// color texture
-	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb->color);
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, fb.color);
 	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
 	// depth texture
-	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, fb->depth);
+	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, fb.depth);
 	glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, width, height);
 	// restore primary FB
 	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
@@ -172,13 +171,17 @@ void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer *fb, int width, int height) noexcept {
 	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 0);
 }
 
-void sendVbo(const BufferSet &bs) noexcept {
+void resizeInitFrameBuffer(FrameBuffer &fb, ox::Size const&sz) noexcept {
+	resizeInitFrameBuffer(fb, sz.width, sz.height);
+}
+
+void sendVbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept {
 	const auto bufferSize = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(decltype(bs.vertices)::value_type) * bs.vertices.size());
 	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bs.vbo);
 	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bufferSize, bs.vertices.data(), GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
 }
 
-void sendEbo(const BufferSet &bs) noexcept {
+void sendEbo(BufferSet const&bs) noexcept {
 	const auto bufferSize = static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(decltype(bs.elements)::value_type) * bs.elements.size());
 	glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, bs.ebo);
 	glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, bufferSize, bs.elements.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);

deps/nfde/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.2)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
 project(nativefiledialog-extended)
 
 if(NOT MSVC)

deps/ox/src/ox/clargs/clargs.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace ox {
 
 ClArgs::ClArgs(int argc, const char **args) noexcept {
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < static_cast<unsigned>(argc); ++i) {
-		String arg = args[i];
+		auto arg = String(args[i]);
 		if (arg[0] == '-') {
 			while (arg[0] == '-' && arg.len()) {
 				arg = arg.substr(1);
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ ClArgs::ClArgs(int argc, const char **args) noexcept {
 			m_bools[arg] = true;
 			// parse additional arguments
 			if (i < static_cast<unsigned>(argc) && args[i + 1]) {
-				String val = args[i + 1];
+				auto val = String(args[i + 1]);
 				if (val.len() && val[i] != '-') {
 					if (val == "false") {
 						m_bools[arg] = false;
@@ -37,32 +37,32 @@ ClArgs::ClArgs(int argc, const char **args) noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-bool ClArgs::getBool(ox::CRString arg, bool defaultValue) const noexcept {
+bool ClArgs::getBool(ox::CRStringView arg, bool defaultValue) const noexcept {
 	auto [value, err] = m_ints.at(arg);
 	return !err ? *value : defaultValue;
 }
 
-String ClArgs::getString(ox::CRString arg, const char *defaultValue) const noexcept {
+String ClArgs::getString(ox::CRStringView arg, const char *defaultValue) const noexcept {
 	auto [value, err] = m_strings.at(arg);
-	return !err ? *value : defaultValue;
+	return !err ? ox::String(std::move(*value)) : ox::String(defaultValue);
 }
 
-int ClArgs::getInt(ox::CRString arg, int defaultValue) const noexcept {
+int ClArgs::getInt(ox::CRStringView arg, int defaultValue) const noexcept {
 	auto [value, err] = m_ints.at(arg);
 	return !err ? *value : defaultValue;
 }
 
-Result<bool> ClArgs::getBool(ox::CRString arg) const noexcept {
+Result<bool> ClArgs::getBool(ox::CRStringView arg) const noexcept {
 	oxRequire(out, m_bools.at(arg));
 	return *out;
 }
 
-Result<String> ClArgs::getString(ox::CRString argName) const noexcept {
+Result<String> ClArgs::getString(ox::CRStringView argName) const noexcept {
 	oxRequire(out, m_strings.at(argName));
 	return *out;
 }
 
-Result<int> ClArgs::getInt(ox::CRString arg) const noexcept {
+Result<int> ClArgs::getInt(ox::CRStringView arg) const noexcept {
 	oxRequire(out, m_ints.at(arg));
 	return *out;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/clargs/clargs.hpp

@@ -23,21 +23,21 @@ class ClArgs {
 		ClArgs(int argc, const char **args) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		bool getBool(ox::CRString arg, bool defaultValue) const noexcept;
+		bool getBool(ox::CRStringView arg, bool defaultValue) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		String getString(ox::CRString argName, const char *defaultValue) const noexcept;
+		String getString(ox::CRStringView argName, const char *defaultValue) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		int getInt(ox::CRString arg, int defaultValue) const noexcept;
+		int getInt(ox::CRStringView arg, int defaultValue) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		Result<bool> getBool(ox::CRString arg) const noexcept;
+		Result<bool> getBool(ox::CRStringView arg) const noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		Result<String> getString(ox::CRString argName) const noexcept;
+		Result<String> getString(ox::CRStringView argName) const noexcept;
 
-		Result<int> getInt(ox::CRString arg) const noexcept;
+		Result<int> getInt(ox::CRStringView arg) const noexcept;
 
 };
 

deps/ox/src/ox/claw/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -16,16 +16,16 @@ target_link_libraries(
 		$<$<BOOL:${OX_USE_STDLIB}>:OxOrganicClaw>
 )
 
-if(OX_USE_STDLIB)
-	add_executable(
-		readclaw
-			readclaw.cpp
-	)
-	target_link_libraries(
-		readclaw PUBLIC
-			OxClaw
-	)
-endif()
+#if(OX_USE_STDLIB)
+#	add_executable(
+#		readclaw
+#			readclaw.cpp
+#	)
+#	target_link_libraries(
+#		readclaw PUBLIC
+#			OxClaw
+#	)
+#endif()
 
 install(TARGETS OxClaw
         LIBRARY DESTINATION lib

deps/ox/src/ox/claw/test/tests.cpp

@@ -8,11 +8,7 @@
 
 #undef NDEBUG
 
-#include <cassert>
-#include <iostream>
 #include <map>
-#include <memory>
-#include <string>
 #include <ox/claw/format.hpp>
 #include <ox/claw/read.hpp>
 #include <ox/claw/write.hpp>
@@ -107,12 +103,12 @@ constexpr ox::Error model(T *io, ox::CommonPtrWith<TestStruct> auto *obj) {
 	return OxError(0);
 }
 
-static std::map<std::string_view, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
+static std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 	{
 		{
 			"ClawHeaderReader",
 			[] {
-				ox::String hdr = "O1;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header;2;";
+				constexpr auto hdr = ox::StringLiteral("O1;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header;2;");
 				auto [ch, err] = ox::readClawHeader(hdr.c_str(), hdr.len() + 1);
 				oxAssert(err, "Error parsing header");
 				oxAssert(ch.fmt == ox::ClawFormat::Organic, "Format wrong");
@@ -124,7 +120,7 @@ static std::map<std::string_view, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 		{
 			"ClawHeaderReader2",
 			[] {
-				ox::String hdr = "M2;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header2;3;";
+				constexpr auto hdr = ox::StringLiteral("M2;com.drinkingtea.ox.claw.test.Header2;3;");
 				auto [ch, err] = ox::readClawHeader(hdr.c_str(), hdr.len() + 1);
 				oxAssert(err, "Error parsing header");
 				oxAssert(ch.fmt == ox::ClawFormat::Metal, "Format wrong");
@@ -192,14 +188,14 @@ static std::map<std::string_view, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 };
 
 int main(int argc, const char **args) {
-	int retval = -1;
-	if (argc > 0) {
-		auto testName = args[1];
-		if (tests.find(testName) != tests.end()) {
-			retval = static_cast<int>(tests[testName]());
-		} else {
-			retval = 1;
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 	}
+	auto const testName = args[1];
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(), "Test returned Error");
+		return 0;
 	}
-	return retval;
+	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/event/test/tests.cpp

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ struct TestStruct: public ox::SignalHandler {
 	}
 };
 
-std::map<std::string, std::function<ox::Error()>> tests = {
+std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error()>> tests = {
 	{
 		"test1",
 		[] {
@@ -39,12 +39,14 @@ std::map<std::string, std::function<ox::Error()>> tests = {
 };
 
 int main(int argc, const char **args) {
-	if (argc > 1) {
-		auto testName = args[1];
-		if (tests.find(testName) != tests.end()) {
-			oxAssert(tests[testName](), "Test returned Error");
-			return 0;
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 	}
+	auto const testName = args[1];
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(), "Test returned Error");
+		return 0;
 	}
 	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/filelocation.cpp

@@ -36,13 +36,6 @@ FileAddress::FileAddress(ox::CRStringView path) noexcept {
 	m_type = FileAddressType::Path;
 }
 
-FileAddress::FileAddress(char *path) noexcept {
-	auto pathSize = ox_strlen(path) + 1;
-	m_data.path = new char[pathSize];
-	memcpy(m_data.path, path, pathSize);
-	m_type = FileAddressType::Path;
-}
-
 FileAddress &FileAddress::operator=(const FileAddress &other) noexcept {
 	if (this == &other) {
 		return *this;

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/filelocation.hpp

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ enum class FileAddressType: int8_t {
 class FileAddress {
 
 	template<typename T>
-	friend constexpr Error model(T*, CommonPtrWith<FileAddress> auto*) noexcept;
+	friend constexpr Error model(T *h, CommonPtrWith<FileAddress> auto *fa) noexcept;
 
 	public:
 		static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.ox.FileAddress";
@@ -59,13 +59,7 @@ class FileAddress {
 
 		explicit FileAddress(CRStringView path) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
-		explicit FileAddress(const ox::BasicString<SmallStrSz> &path) noexcept: FileAddress(StringView(path)) {
-		}
-
-		explicit FileAddress(char *path) noexcept;
-
-		explicit constexpr FileAddress(const char *path) noexcept;
+		constexpr FileAddress(ox::StringLiteral path) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr ~FileAddress() noexcept;
 
@@ -86,7 +80,6 @@ class FileAddress {
 			}
 		}
 
-		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr Result<uint64_t> getInode() const noexcept {
 			switch (m_type) {
 				case FileAddressType::Inode:
@@ -124,8 +117,8 @@ class FileAddress {
 
 };
 
-constexpr FileAddress::FileAddress(const char *path) noexcept {
-	m_data.constPath = path;
+constexpr FileAddress::FileAddress(ox::StringLiteral path) noexcept {
+	m_data.constPath = path.c_str();
 	m_type = FileAddressType::ConstPath;
 }
 
@@ -133,45 +126,6 @@ constexpr FileAddress::~FileAddress() noexcept {
 	cleanup();
 }
 
-template<>
-constexpr const char *getModelTypeName<FileAddress::Data>() noexcept {
-	return FileAddress::Data::TypeName;
-}
-
-template<>
-constexpr const char *getModelTypeName<FileAddress>() noexcept {
-	return FileAddress::TypeName;
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr Error model(T *io, CommonPtrWith<FileAddress::Data> auto *obj) noexcept {
-	oxReturnError(io->template setTypeInfo<FileAddress::Data>());
-	oxReturnError(io->fieldCString("path", &obj->path));
-	oxReturnError(io->fieldCString("constPath", &obj->path));
-	oxReturnError(io->field("inode", &obj->inode));
-	return OxError(0);
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr Error model(T *io, CommonPtrWith<FileAddress> auto *fa) noexcept {
-	oxReturnError(io->template setTypeInfo<FileAddress>());
-	if constexpr(T::opType() == OpType::Reflect) {
-		int8_t type = 0;
-		oxReturnError(io->field("type", &type));
-		oxReturnError(io->field("data", UnionView(&fa->m_data, 0)));
-	} else if constexpr(T::opType() == OpType::Read) {
-		auto type = static_cast<int8_t>(fa->m_type);
-		oxReturnError(io->field("type", &type));
-		fa->m_type = static_cast<FileAddressType>(type);
-		oxReturnError(io->field("data", UnionView(&fa->m_data, static_cast<int>(fa->m_type))));
-	} else if constexpr(T::opType() == OpType::Write) {
-		auto type = static_cast<int8_t>(fa->m_type);
-		oxReturnError(io->field("type", &type));
-		oxReturnError(io->field("data", UnionView(&fa->m_data, static_cast<int>(fa->m_type))));
-	}
-	return OxError(0);
-}
-
 constexpr void FileAddress::cleanup() noexcept {
 	if (m_type == FileAddressType::Path) {
 		safeDeleteArray(m_data.path);
@@ -184,4 +138,43 @@ constexpr void FileAddress::clear() noexcept {
 	m_type = FileAddressType::None;
 }
 
+template<>
+constexpr const char *getModelTypeName<FileAddress::Data>() noexcept {
+	return FileAddress::Data::TypeName;
+}
+
+template<>
+constexpr const char *getModelTypeName<FileAddress>() noexcept {
+	return FileAddress::TypeName;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr Error model(T *h, CommonPtrWith<FileAddress::Data> auto *obj) noexcept {
+	oxReturnError(h->template setTypeInfo<FileAddress::Data>());
+	oxReturnError(h->fieldCString("path", &obj->path));
+	oxReturnError(h->fieldCString("constPath", &obj->path));
+	oxReturnError(h->field("inode", &obj->inode));
+	return {};
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+constexpr Error model(T *h, CommonPtrWith<FileAddress> auto *fa) noexcept {
+	oxReturnError(h->template setTypeInfo<FileAddress>());
+	if constexpr(T::opType() == OpType::Reflect) {
+		int8_t type = 0;
+		oxReturnError(h->field("type", &type));
+		oxReturnError(h->field("data", UnionView(&fa->m_data, 0)));
+	} else if constexpr(T::opType() == OpType::Read) {
+		auto type = static_cast<int8_t>(fa->m_type);
+		oxReturnError(h->field("type", &type));
+		fa->m_type = static_cast<FileAddressType>(type);
+		oxReturnError(h->field("data", UnionView(&fa->m_data, static_cast<int>(fa->m_type))));
+	} else if constexpr(T::opType() == OpType::Write) {
+		auto type = static_cast<int8_t>(fa->m_type);
+		oxReturnError(h->field("type", &type));
+		oxReturnError(h->field("data", UnionView(&fa->m_data, static_cast<int>(fa->m_type))));
+	}
+	return {};
+}
+
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/filesystem/passthroughfs.cpp

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ PassThroughFS::PassThroughFS(CRStringView dirPath) {
 PassThroughFS::~PassThroughFS() noexcept = default;
 
 String PassThroughFS::basePath() const noexcept {
-	return m_path.string().c_str();
+	return ox::String(m_path.string().c_str());
 }
 
 Error PassThroughFS::mkdir(CRStringView path, bool recursive) noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/test/tests.cpp

@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ struct OX_PACKED NodeType: public ox::ptrarith::Item<T> {
 		}
 };
 
-const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tests = {
+const std::map<ox::StringView, std::function<ox::Error(ox::StringView)>> tests = {
 	{
 		{
 			"PtrArith::setSize",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				using BuffPtr_t = uint32_t;
 				ox::Vector<char> buff(5 * ox::units::MB);
 				auto buffer = new (buff.data()) ox::ptrarith::NodeBuffer<BuffPtr_t, NodeType<BuffPtr_t>>(buff.size());
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::next1",
-			[](std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "/usr/share/charset.gbag";
+			[](ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("/usr/share/charset.gbag");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "usr") == 0, "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::next2",
-			[](std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "/usr/share/";
+			[](ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("/usr/share/");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "usr") == 0, "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::next3",
-			[](std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "/";
+			[](ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("/");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "\0") == 0, "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::next4",
-			[](std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "usr/share/charset.gbag";
+			[](ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("usr/share/charset.gbag");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "usr") == 0, "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::next5",
-			[](std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "usr/share/";
+			[](ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("usr/share/");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.next(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "usr") == 0, "PathIterator shows wrong next");
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::dirPath",
-			[] (std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "/usr/share/charset.gbag";
+			[] (ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("/usr/share/charset.gbag");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.dirPath(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "/usr/share/") == 0, "PathIterator shows incorrect dir path");
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::fileName",
-			[](std::string_view) {
-				ox::String path = "/usr/share/charset.gbag";
+			[](ox::StringView) {
+				auto const path = ox::String("/usr/share/charset.gbag");
 				ox::PathIterator it(path.c_str(), path.len());
 				auto buff = static_cast<char*>(ox_alloca(path.len() + 1));
 				oxAssert(it.fileName(buff, path.len()) == 0 && ox_strcmp(buff, "charset.gbag") == 0, "PathIterator shows incorrect file name");
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"PathIterator::hasNext",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				const auto path = "/file1";
 				ox::PathIterator it(path, ox_strlen(path));
 				oxAssert(it.hasNext(), "PathIterator shows incorrect hasNext");
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"Ptr::subPtr",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				constexpr auto buffLen = 5000;
 				ox::ptrarith::Ptr<uint8_t, uint32_t> p(ox_alloca(buffLen), buffLen, 500, 500);
 				oxAssert(p.valid(), "Ptr::subPtr: Ptr p is invalid.");
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"NodeBuffer::insert",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				constexpr auto buffLen = 5000;
 				auto list = new (ox_alloca(buffLen)) ox::ptrarith::NodeBuffer<uint32_t, ox::FileStoreItem<uint32_t>>(buffLen);
 				oxAssert(list->malloc(50).value.valid(), "NodeBuffer::insert: malloc 1 failed");
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"FileStore::readWrite",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				constexpr auto buffLen = 5000;
 				constexpr auto str1 = "Hello, World!";
 				constexpr auto str1Len = ox_strlen(str1) + 1;
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"Directory",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				ox::Vector<uint8_t> fsBuff(5000);
 				oxAssert(ox::FileStore32::format(fsBuff.data(), fsBuff.size()), "FS format failed");
 				ox::FileStore32 fileStore(fsBuff.data(), fsBuff.size());
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 		},
 		{
 			"FileSystem",
-			[](std::string_view) {
+			[](ox::StringView) {
 				ox::Vector<uint8_t> fsBuff(5000);
 				oxTrace("ox.fs.test.FileSystem") << "format";
 				oxAssert(ox::FileSystem32::format(fsBuff.data(), fsBuff.size()), "FileSystem format failed");
@@ -237,16 +237,15 @@ const std::map<std::string_view, std::function<ox::Error(std::string_view)>> tes
 };
 
 int main(int argc, const char **args) {
-	int retval = -1;
-	if (argc > 1) {
-		std::string_view testName = args[1];
-		std::string_view testArg;
-		if (args[2]) {
-			testArg = args[2];
+	if (argc < 3) {
+		oxError("Must specify test to run and test argument");
 	}
-		if (tests.find(testName) != tests.end()) {
-			retval = static_cast<int>(tests.at(testName)(testArg));
+	ox::StringView const testName = args[1];
+	ox::StringView const testArg = args[2] ? args[2] : nullptr;
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(testArg), "Test returned Error");
+		return 0;
 	}
-	}
-	return retval;
+	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/fs/tool.cpp

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static ox::Error run(int argc, const char **argv) noexcept {
 		return OxError(1);
 	}
 	const auto fsPath = argv[1];
-	ox::String subCmd = argv[2];
+	ox::String subCmd(argv[2]);
 	oxRequire(fs, loadFs(fsPath));
 	if (subCmd == "ls") {
 		return runLs(fs.get(), argc - 2, argv + 2);

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/read.hpp

@@ -276,8 +276,8 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawReaderTemplate<Reader>::field(const char *name, T *val)
 				val->resize(len);
 				return field(name, val->data(), val->size());
 			}
-		}
 			val->resize(0);
+		}
 		++m_field;
 		return {};
 	} else if constexpr(isArray_v<T>) {

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/test/tests.cpp

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ struct TestStruct {
 	int32_t Int8 = 0;
 	int unionIdx = 1;
 	TestUnion Union;
-	ox::String String = "";
+	ox::String String;
 	ox::BString<32> BString = "";
 	uint32_t List[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
 	ox::Vector<uint32_t> Vector = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ constexpr ox::Error model(T *io, ox::CommonPtrWith<TestStruct> auto *obj) noexce
 	return OxError(0);
 }
 
-std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
+std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 	{
 		{
 			"MetalClawWriter",
@@ -460,11 +460,14 @@ std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 };
 
 int main(int argc, const char **args) {
-	if (argc > 0) {
-		auto testName = args[1];
-		if (tests.find(testName) != tests.end()) {
-			oxAssert(tests[testName](), "Test failed...");
-		}
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 	}
+	auto const testName = args[1];
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(), "Test returned Error");
 		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/mc/write.hpp

@@ -43,39 +43,30 @@ class MetalClawWriter {
 
 		constexpr ~MetalClawWriter() noexcept = default;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int8_t> auto *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int16_t> auto *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int32_t> auto *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int64_t> auto *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int8_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int16_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int32_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const int64_t *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint8_t> auto *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint16_t> auto *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint32_t> auto *val) noexcept;
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint64_t> auto *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint8_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint16_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint32_t *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const uint64_t *val) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<bool> auto *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const bool *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr Error field(const char *name, const HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
 
-		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept;
-
 		template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
 		constexpr Error field(const char*, const BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<std::size_t L>
 		constexpr Error field(const char*, const BString<L> *val) noexcept;
 
-		template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept;
-
-		template<std::size_t L>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, BString<L> *val) noexcept;
-
 		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char **val) noexcept;
@@ -84,20 +75,8 @@ class MetalClawWriter {
 
 		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char **val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
-			return fieldCString(name, const_cast<const char**>(val), buffLen);
-		}
-
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char **val) noexcept {
-			return fieldCString(name, const_cast<const char**>(val));
-		}
-
-		constexpr Error fieldCString(const char *name, char *val, std::size_t buffLen) noexcept {
-			return fieldCString(name, const_cast<const char*>(val), buffLen);
-		}
-
 		template<typename T>
-		constexpr Error field(const char*, T *val) noexcept;
+		constexpr Error field(const char*, const T *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename U, bool force = false>
 		constexpr Error field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
@@ -159,47 +138,47 @@ constexpr MetalClawWriter<Writer>::MetalClawWriter(Writer &writer, int unionIdx)
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int8_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int8_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int16_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int16_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int32_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int32_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<int64_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const int64_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint8_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint8_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint16_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint16_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint32_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint32_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<uint64_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const uint64_t *val) noexcept {
 	return appendInteger(*val);
 }
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, CommonPtrWith<bool> auto *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const bool *val) noexcept {
 	if (m_unionIdx == -1 || m_unionIdx == m_field) {
 		oxReturnError(m_fieldPresence.set(static_cast<std::size_t>(m_field), *val));
 	}
@@ -230,18 +209,6 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char *name, const BString<L
 	return fieldCString(name, val->data(), val->cap());
 }
 
-template<Writer_c Writer>
-template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char *name, BasicString<SmallStringSize> *val) noexcept {
-	return field(name, const_cast<const BasicString<SmallStringSize>*>(val));
-}
-
-template<Writer_c Writer>
-template<std::size_t L>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char *name, BString<L> *val) noexcept {
-	return fieldCString(name, val->data(), val->cap());
-}
-
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(const char*, const char *const*val, std::size_t) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
@@ -287,7 +254,7 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::fieldCString(const char*, const char *v
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, T *val) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const T *val) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(isVector_v<T> || isArray_v<T>) {
 		return field(nullptr, val->data(), val->size());
 	} else {
@@ -323,7 +290,7 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, UnionView<U, force>
 
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
+constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
 	bool fieldSet = false;
 	if (len && (m_unionIdx == -1 || m_unionIdx == m_field)) {
 		// write the length
@@ -361,7 +328,7 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const HashMap<String
 		oxReturnError(handler.setTypeInfo("Map", 0, {}, len * 2));
 		// this loop body needs to be in a lambda because of the potential alloca call
 		constexpr auto loopBody = [](auto &handler, auto const&key, auto const&val) -> ox::Error {
-			const auto keyLen = ox_strlen(key);
+			const auto keyLen = key.len();
 			auto wkey = ox_malloca(keyLen + 1, char, 0);
 			memcpy(wkey.get(), key.c_str(), keyLen + 1);
 			oxReturnError(handler.fieldCString("", wkey.get(), keyLen));
@@ -381,12 +348,6 @@ constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char*, const HashMap<String
 	return OxError(0);
 }
 
-template<Writer_c Writer>
-template<typename T>
-constexpr Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::field(const char *name, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
-	return field(name, const_cast<const HashMap<String, T>*>(val));
-}
-
 template<Writer_c Writer>
 template<typename T>
 constexpr ox::Error MetalClawWriter<Writer>::setTypeInfo(
@@ -421,7 +382,7 @@ Result<Buffer> writeMC(Writer_c auto &writer, const auto &val) noexcept {
 	return {};
 }
 
-Result<Buffer> writeMC(const auto &val, std::size_t buffReserveSz = 2 * units::KB) noexcept {
+Result<Buffer> writeMC(auto const&val, std::size_t buffReserveSz = 2 * units::KB) noexcept {
 	Buffer buff(buffReserveSz);
 	BufferWriter bw(&buff, 0);
 	oxReturnError(writeMC(bw, val));
@@ -429,7 +390,7 @@ Result<Buffer> writeMC(const auto &val, std::size_t buffReserveSz = 2 * units::K
 	return buff;
 }
 
-Error writeMC(char *buff, std::size_t buffLen, const auto &val, std::size_t *sizeOut = nullptr) noexcept {
+Error writeMC(char *buff, std::size_t buffLen, auto const&val, std::size_t *sizeOut = nullptr) noexcept {
 	CharBuffWriter bw(buff, buffLen);
 	oxReturnError(writeMC(bw, val));
 	if (sizeOut) {

deps/ox/src/ox/model/descwrite.hpp

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ constexpr Error TypeDescWriter::field(CRStringView name, UnionView<T, force> val
 	if (m_type) {
 		const auto t = type(val);
 		oxAssert(t != nullptr, "field(const char *name, T val): Type not found or generated");
-		m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), 0, SubscriptStack{}, t->typeName);
+		m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), 0, SubscriptStack{}, ox::String(t->typeName));
 		return OxError(0);
 	}
 	return OxError(1);
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ template<typename ...Args>
 constexpr Error TypeDescWriter::fieldCString(CRStringView name, Args&&...) noexcept {
 	constexpr auto s = "";
 	const auto t = type(s);
-	m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), 0, SubscriptStack{}, t->typeName);
+	m_type->fieldList.emplace_back(t, String(name), 0, SubscriptStack{}, ox::String(t->typeName));
 	return {};
 }
 

deps/ox/src/ox/model/modelvalue.hpp

@@ -144,8 +144,6 @@ class ModelValue {
 
 		constexpr ModelValue(const ModelValue &other) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr ModelValue(ModelValue &other) noexcept;
-
 		constexpr ModelValue(ModelValue &&other) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
@@ -350,7 +348,7 @@ class ModelObject {
 
 		constexpr ModelObject(const ModelObject &other) noexcept {
 			for (const auto &f : other.m_fieldsOrder) {
-				auto &field = m_fieldsOrder.emplace_back(new Field{f->name, f->value});
+				auto &field = m_fieldsOrder.emplace_back(new Field{ox::String(f->name), f->value});
 				m_fields[field->name] = &field->value;
 			}
 			m_type = other.m_type;
@@ -427,7 +425,7 @@ class ModelObject {
 				return *this;
 			}
 			for (const auto &f : other.m_fieldsOrder) {
-				auto &field = m_fieldsOrder.emplace_back(new Field{f->name, f->value});
+				auto &field = m_fieldsOrder.emplace_back(new Field{ox::String(f->name), f->value});
 				m_fields[field->name] = &field->value;
 			}
 			m_type = other.m_type;
@@ -450,7 +448,7 @@ class ModelObject {
 			f = val;
 		}
 
-		constexpr Result<const ModelValue*> get(const String &k) const noexcept {
+		constexpr Result<const ModelValue*> get(StringView const&k) const noexcept {
 			if (m_fields.contains(k)) {
 				return *m_fields.at(k).value;
 			}
@@ -464,7 +462,7 @@ class ModelObject {
 			return {};
 		}
 
-		constexpr auto &operator[](const String &k) noexcept {
+		constexpr auto &operator[](StringView const&k) noexcept {
 			auto [v, err] = m_fields.at(k);
 			if (err) [[unlikely]] {
 				oxPanic(err, ox::sfmt("field {} does not exist in type {}", k, buildTypeId(*m_type)).c_str());
@@ -528,7 +526,7 @@ class ModelUnion {
 	public:
 		constexpr ModelUnion(const ModelUnion &other) noexcept {
 			for (auto i = 0; const auto &f : other.m_fieldsOrder) {
-				auto &field = m_fieldsOrder.emplace_back(new Field{i, f->name, f->value});
+				auto &field = m_fieldsOrder.emplace_back(new Field{i, ox::String(f->name), f->value});
 				m_fields[field->name] = field.get();
 				++i;
 			}
@@ -553,7 +551,7 @@ class ModelUnion {
 			return UniquePtr<ModelUnion>(new ModelUnion(other));
 		}
 
-		constexpr auto &operator[](const String &k) noexcept {
+		constexpr auto &operator[](StringView const&k) noexcept {
 			const auto [v, err] = m_fields.at(k);
 			if (err) [[unlikely]] {
 				oxPanic(err, ox::sfmt("field {} does not exist in type {}", k, buildTypeId(*m_type)).c_str());
@@ -588,7 +586,7 @@ class ModelUnion {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr Result<const ModelValue*> get(const String &k) const noexcept {
+		constexpr Result<const ModelValue*> get(StringView const&k) const noexcept {
 			oxRequire(t, m_fields.at(k));
 			return &(*t)->value;
 		}
@@ -814,9 +812,6 @@ constexpr ModelValue::ModelValue(const ModelValue &other) noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-constexpr ModelValue::ModelValue(ModelValue &other) noexcept: ModelValue(const_cast<const ModelValue&>(other)) {
-}
-
 constexpr ModelValue::ModelValue(ModelValue &&other) noexcept {
 	m_type = other.m_type;
 	switch (m_type) {

deps/ox/src/ox/model/test/tests.cpp

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ constexpr auto getModelTypeVersion(TestType2*) noexcept {
 	return 2;
 }
 
-std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
+std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 	{
 		{
 			"ModelValue",
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 				return ox::Error{};
 			}
 		},
+
 		{
 			"getModelTypeName",
 			[] {
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 				return ox::Error{};
 			}
 		},
+
 		{
 			"getModelTypeVersion",
 			[] {
@@ -67,11 +69,14 @@ std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 };
 
 int main(int argc, const char **args) {
-	if (argc > 0) {
-		auto testName = args[1];
-		if (tests.find(testName) != tests.end()) {
-			oxAssert(tests[testName](), "Test failed...");
-		}
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 	}
+	auto const testName = args[1];
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(), "Test returned Error");
 		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/test/tests.cpp

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ struct TestStruct {
 	int32_t Int8 = 0;
 	int unionIdx = 1;
 	TestUnion Union;
-	ox::String String = "";
+	ox::String String{""};
 	uint32_t List[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
 	ox::HashMap<ox::String, int> Map;
 	TestStructNest EmptyStruct;
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ constexpr TestStruct &TestStruct::operator=(TestStruct &&other) noexcept {
 	return *this;
 }
 
-const std::map<std::string_view, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
+const std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 	{
 		{
 			"OrganicClawWriter",
@@ -354,13 +354,11 @@ int main(int argc, const char **args) {
 	if (argc < 2) {
 		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 	}
-	const auto testName = args[1];
-	ox::Error(*test)();
-	try {
-		test = tests.at(testName);
-	} catch (const std::out_of_range&) {
-		oxErrorf("Test {} not found", testName);
-		return 1;
+	auto const testName = args[1];
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(), "Test returned Error");
+		return 0;
 	}
-	return static_cast<int>(test());
+	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/write.cpp

@@ -26,18 +26,10 @@ Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, const char *const*val, in
 	return OxError(0);
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, char **val, int len) noexcept {
-	return fieldCString(key, const_cast<const char**>(val), len);
-}
-
 Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, const char *const*val) noexcept {
 	return fieldCString(key, const_cast<const char**>(val), {});
 }
 
-Error OrganicClawWriter::fieldCString(const char *key, char **val) noexcept {
-	return fieldCString(key, const_cast<const char**>(val), {});
-}
-
 Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, const UUID *uuid) noexcept {
 	const auto uuidStr = uuid->toString();
 	if (targetValid() && uuidStr.len()) {

deps/ox/src/ox/oc/write.hpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 
 		explicit OrganicClawWriter(Json::Value json, int unionIdx = -1) noexcept;
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<int8_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const int8_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (*val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<int16_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const int16_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (*val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<int32_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const int32_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (*val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<int64_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const int64_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (*val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 		}
 
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<uint8_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const uint8_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (*val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<uint16_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const uint16_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && *val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<uint32_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const uint32_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && *val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<uint64_t> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const uint64_t *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && *val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		Error field(const char *key, CommonPtrWith<bool> auto *val) noexcept {
+		Error field(const char *key, const bool *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && *val) {
 				value(key) = *val;
 			}
@@ -109,9 +109,6 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return {};
 		}
 
-		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char*, T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
-
 		template<typename U, bool force = true>
 		Error field(const char*, UnionView<U, force> val) noexcept;
 
@@ -134,11 +131,6 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return {};
 		}
 
-		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char *key, HashMap<String, T> *val) noexcept {
-			return field(key, const_cast<const HashMap<String, T>*>(val));
-		}
-
 		template<std::size_t L>
 		Error field(const char *key, const BString<L> *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && val->len()) {
@@ -148,15 +140,6 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return {};
 		}
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
-		Error field(const char *key, BString<L> *val) noexcept {
-			if (targetValid() && val->len()) {
-				value(key) = val->c_str();
-			}
-			++m_fieldIt;
-			return {};
-		}
-
 		template<std::size_t L>
 		Error field(const char *key, const BasicString<L> *val) noexcept {
 			if (targetValid() && val->len()) {
@@ -166,23 +149,17 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return OxError(0);
 		}
 
-		template<std::size_t L>
-		Error field(const char *key, BasicString<L> *val) noexcept {
-			return field(key, const_cast<const BasicString<L>*>(val));
-		}
-
 		Error fieldCString(const char*, const char *const*val, int len) noexcept;
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char *name, char **val, int len) noexcept;
-
 		Error fieldCString(const char *name, const char *const*val) noexcept;
 
-		Error fieldCString(const char *name, char **val) noexcept;
-
 		Error field(const char *key, const UUID *uuid) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
-		Error field(const char*, T *val) noexcept;
+		Error field(const char*, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept;
+
+		template<typename T>
+		Error field(const char*, const T *val) noexcept;
 
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr ox::Error setTypeInfo(
@@ -200,6 +177,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 			return {};
 		}
 
+		[[nodiscard]]
 		static constexpr auto opType() noexcept {
 			return OpType::Write;
 		}
@@ -216,7 +194,7 @@ class OrganicClawWriter {
 };
 
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, const T *val, std::size_t len) noexcept {
 	if (targetValid() && len) {
 		OrganicClawWriter w((Json::Value(Json::arrayValue)));
 		ModelHandlerInterface handler{&w};
@@ -230,7 +208,7 @@ Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, T *val, std::size_t len) noexcep
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, T *val) noexcept {
+Error OrganicClawWriter::field(const char *key, const T *val) noexcept {
 	if constexpr(isVector_v<T> || isArray_v<T>) {
 		return field(key, val->data(), val->size());
 	} else if (val && targetValid()) {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/basestringview.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2023 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "bit.hpp"
+#include "cstrops.hpp"
+#include "iterator.hpp"
+
+namespace ox::detail {
+
+class BaseStringView {
+	public:
+		template<typename RefType = char&, typename PtrType = char*, bool reverse = false>
+		struct iterator: public Iterator<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, char> {
+			private:
+				PtrType m_t = nullptr;
+				std::size_t m_offset = 0;
+				std::size_t m_max = 0;
+
+			public:
+				constexpr iterator() noexcept = default;
+
+				constexpr iterator(PtrType t, std::size_t offset, std::size_t max) noexcept {
+					m_t = t;
+					m_offset = offset;
+					m_max = max;
+				}
+
+				[[nodiscard]]
+				constexpr auto offset() const noexcept {
+					return m_offset;
+				}
+
+				constexpr iterator operator+(std::size_t s) const noexcept {
+					if constexpr(reverse) {
+						return iterator(m_t, max<std::size_t>(m_offset - s, 0), m_max);
+					} else {
+						return iterator(m_t, min<std::size_t>(m_offset + s, m_max), m_max);
+					}
+				}
+
+				constexpr auto operator-(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					if constexpr(reverse) {
+						return m_offset + other.m_offset;
+					} else {
+						return m_offset - other.m_offset;
+					}
+				}
+
+				constexpr iterator operator-(std::size_t s) const noexcept {
+					if constexpr(reverse) {
+						return iterator(m_t, min<std::size_t>(m_offset + s, m_max), m_max);
+					} else {
+						return iterator(m_t, max<std::size_t>(m_offset - s, 0), m_max);
+					}
+				}
+
+				constexpr iterator &operator+=(std::size_t s) noexcept {
+					if constexpr(reverse) {
+						m_offset = max<std::size_t>(m_offset - s, 0);
+					} else {
+						m_offset = min(m_offset + s, m_max);
+					}
+					return *this;
+				}
+
+				constexpr iterator &operator-=(std::size_t s) noexcept {
+					if constexpr(reverse) {
+						m_offset = min(m_offset + s, m_max);
+					} else {
+						m_offset = max<std::size_t>(m_offset - s, 0);
+					}
+					return *this;
+				}
+
+				constexpr iterator &operator++() noexcept {
+					return operator+=(1);
+				}
+
+				constexpr iterator &operator--() noexcept {
+					return operator-=(1);
+				}
+
+				constexpr RefType operator*() const noexcept {
+					return m_t[m_offset];
+				}
+
+				constexpr RefType operator[](std::size_t s) const noexcept {
+					return m_t[s];
+				}
+
+				constexpr bool operator<(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					return m_offset < other.m_offset;
+				}
+
+				constexpr bool operator>(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					return m_offset > other.m_offset;
+				}
+
+				constexpr bool operator<=(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					return m_offset <= other.m_offset;
+				}
+
+				constexpr bool operator>=(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					return m_offset >= other.m_offset;
+				}
+
+				constexpr bool operator==(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					return m_t == other.m_t && m_offset == other.m_offset && m_max == other.m_max;
+				}
+
+				constexpr bool operator!=(const iterator &other) const noexcept {
+					return m_t != other.m_t || m_offset != other.m_offset || m_max != other.m_max;
+				}
+
+		};
+
+	private:
+		const char *m_str = nullptr;
+		std::size_t m_len = 0;
+	protected:
+		constexpr BaseStringView() noexcept = default;
+
+		constexpr BaseStringView(BaseStringView const&sv) noexcept = default;
+
+		constexpr explicit BaseStringView(std::nullptr_t) noexcept {}
+
+		constexpr explicit BaseStringView(const char *str) noexcept: m_str(str), m_len(str ? ox_strlen(str) : 0) {}
+
+		constexpr explicit BaseStringView(const char *str, std::size_t len) noexcept: m_str(str), m_len(len) {}
+
+	public:
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*> begin() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, 0, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*> end() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, m_len, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*> cbegin() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, 0, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*> cend() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, m_len, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*, true> crbegin() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, m_len - 1, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*, true> crend() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, MaxValue<std::size_t>, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*, true> rbegin() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, m_len - 1, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr iterator<const char&, const char*, true> rend() const noexcept {
+			return {m_str, MaxValue<std::size_t>, m_len};
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr auto bytes() const noexcept {
+			return m_len;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr auto len() const noexcept {
+			return m_len;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr auto *data() const noexcept {
+			return &m_str[0];
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr auto &front() const noexcept {
+			return m_str[0];
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr auto &back() const noexcept {
+			return m_str[m_len - 1];
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr auto operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept {
+			return m_str[i];
+		}
+
+	protected:
+		constexpr void set(const char *str, std::size_t len) noexcept {
+			m_str = str;
+			m_len = len;
+		}
+
+};
+
+}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/cstringview.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2023 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "basestringview.hpp"
+#include "bstring.hpp"
+#include "string.hpp"
+#include "stringliteral.hpp"
+
+namespace ox {
+
+class CStringView: public detail::BaseStringView {
+	public:
+		constexpr CStringView() noexcept = default;
+
+		constexpr CStringView(CStringView const&sv) noexcept = default;
+
+		constexpr CStringView(StringLiteral const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+
+		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
+		constexpr CStringView(BasicString<SmallStrSz> const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+
+		template<std::size_t SmallStrSz>
+		constexpr CStringView(BString<SmallStrSz> const&str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str.data(), str.len()) {}
+
+		constexpr CStringView(std::nullptr_t) noexcept {}
+
+		constexpr CStringView(const char *str) noexcept: BaseStringView(str) {}
+
+		constexpr CStringView(const char *str, std::size_t len) noexcept: BaseStringView(str, len) {}
+
+		constexpr auto &operator=(CStringView const&other) noexcept {
+			if (&other != this) {
+				set(other.data(), other.len());
+			}
+			return *this;
+		}
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr const char *c_str() const noexcept {
+			return data();
+		}
+
+};
+
+}
+

deps/ox/src/ox/std/cstrops.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2023 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.hpp"
+#include "typetraits.hpp"
+
+template<typename T1, typename T2>
+constexpr T1 ox_strncpy(T1 dest, T2 src, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
+	using T1Type = typename ox::remove_reference<decltype(dest[0])>::type;
+	std::size_t i = 0;
+	while (i < maxLen && src[i]) {
+		dest[i] = static_cast<T1Type>(src[i]);
+		++i;
+	}
+	// set null terminator
+	dest[i] = 0;
+	return dest;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr auto ox_strnlen(const char *str1, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
+	std::size_t len = 0;
+	for (; len < maxLen && str1[len]; len++);
+	return len;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr auto ox_strlen(T const&str1) noexcept {
+	std::size_t len = 0;
+	for (; str1[len]; len++);
+	return len;
+}
+
+template<typename T1, typename T2>
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr int ox_strcmp(const T1 &str1, const T2 &str2) noexcept {
+	auto retval = 0;
+	auto i = 0u;
+	while (str1[i] || str2[i]) {
+		if (str1[i] < str2[i]) {
+			retval = -1;
+			break;
+		} else if (str1[i] > str2[i]) {
+			retval = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
+template<typename T1, typename T2>
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr int ox_strncmp(T1 const&str1, T2 const&str2, const std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
+	auto retval = 0;
+	std::size_t i = 0;
+	while (i < maxLen && (str1[i] || str2[i])) {
+		if (str1[i] < str2[i]) {
+			retval = -1;
+			break;
+		} else if (str1[i] > str2[i]) {
+			retval = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr const char *ox_strchr(const char *str, int character, std::size_t maxLen = 0xFFFFFFFF) noexcept {
+	for (std::size_t i = 0; i <= maxLen; i++) {
+		if (str[i] == character) {
+			return &str[i];
+		} else if (str[i] == 0) {
+			return nullptr;
+		}
+	}
+	return nullptr;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr char *ox_strchr(char *str, int character, std::size_t maxLen = 0xFFFFFFFF) noexcept {
+	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < maxLen; i++) {
+		if (str[i] == character) {
+			return &str[i];
+		} else if (str[i] == 0) {
+			return nullptr;
+		}
+	}
+	return nullptr;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr int ox_lastIndexOf(const auto &str, int character, std::size_t maxLen = 0xFFFFFFFF) noexcept {
+	int retval = -1;
+	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < maxLen && str[i]; i++) {
+		if (str[i] == character) {
+			retval = static_cast<int>(i);
+		}
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
+template<typename Integer, typename T>
+constexpr T ox_itoa(Integer v, T str) noexcept {
+	if (v) {
+		ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> mod = 1000000000000000000;
+		ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> val = v;
+		constexpr auto base = 10;
+		auto it = 0;
+		if (val < 0) {
+			str[static_cast<std::size_t>(it)] = '-';
+			it++;
+		}
+		while (mod) {
+			auto digit = val / mod;
+			val %= mod;
+			mod /= base;
+			if (it || digit) {
+				ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> start = '0';
+				if (digit >= 10) {
+					start = 'a';
+					digit -= 10;
+				}
+				str[static_cast<std::size_t>(it)] = static_cast<typename ox::remove_reference<decltype(str[0])>::type>(start + digit);
+				it++;
+			}
+		}
+		str[static_cast<std::size_t>(it)] = 0;
+	} else {
+		// 0 is a special case
+		str[0] = '0';
+		str[1] = 0;
+	}
+	return str;
+}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/def.hpp

@@ -17,16 +17,9 @@
 #define oxOut(...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stdout", __VA_ARGS__)
 #define oxErr(...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stderr", __VA_ARGS__)
 
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
-// Non-GCC compilers don't like ##__VA_ARGS__, so use initializer list, which relies on std lib
-#define oxTracef(ch, fmt, ...) ox::trace::TraceStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, ch, ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), {__VA_ARGS__})
-#define oxOutf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stdout", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), {__VA_ARGS__})
-#define oxErrf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stderr", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), {__VA_ARGS__})
-#else
-#define oxTracef(ch, fmt, ...) ox::trace::TraceStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, ch, ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define oxOutf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stdout", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define oxErrf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stderr", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#endif
+#define oxTracef(ch, fmt, ...) ox::trace::TraceStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, ch, ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), __VA_ARGS__)
+#define oxOutf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stdout", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), __VA_ARGS__)
+#define oxErrf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "stderr", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), __VA_ARGS__)
 
 #define oxInfo(...) oxTrace("info", __VA_ARGS__)
 #define oxInfof(...) oxTracef("info", __VA_ARGS__)
@@ -35,12 +28,7 @@
 
 #ifndef OX_NODEBUG
 #define oxDebug(...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "debug", __VA_ARGS__)
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
-// Non-GCC compilers don't like ##__VA_ARGS__, so use initializer list, which relies on std lib
-#define oxDebugf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "debug", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), {__VA_ARGS__})
-#else
-#define oxDebugf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "debug", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#endif
+#define oxDebugf(fmt, ...) ox::trace::OutStream(__FILE__, __LINE__, "debug", ox::detail::fmtSegments<ox::detail::argCount(fmt)+1>(fmt), __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define oxDebug(...) static_assert(false, "Debug prints were checked in.");
 #define oxDebugf(...) static_assert(false, "Debug prints were checked in.");

deps/ox/src/ox/std/error.hpp

@@ -138,16 +138,16 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 	}
 
 	template<typename U>
-	constexpr Result(const Result<U> &&other) noexcept: value(std::move(other.value)), error(std::move(other.error)) {
+	constexpr Result(Result<U> &&other) noexcept: value(std::move(other.value)), error(std::move(other.error)) {
 	}
 
 	constexpr Result(const Error &error) noexcept: value(), error(error) {
 	}
 
-	constexpr Result(const type &value, const Error &error = OxError(0)) noexcept: value(const_cast<type&>(value)), error(error) {
+	constexpr Result(const type &value, const Error &error = OxError(0)) noexcept: value(value), error(error) {
 	}
 
-	constexpr Result(type &&value, const Error &error = OxError(0)) noexcept: value(ox::forward<type>(value)), error(error) {
+	constexpr Result(type &&value, const Error &error = OxError(0)) noexcept: value(std::move(value)), error(error) {
 	}
 
 	constexpr ~Result() noexcept = default;
@@ -165,12 +165,12 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 		return error == 0;
 	}
 
-	constexpr Error get(type *val) const noexcept {
+	constexpr Error copyTo(type *val) const noexcept {
 		*val = value;
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	constexpr Error get(type *val) noexcept {
+	constexpr Error copyTo(type *val) noexcept {
 		*val = value;
 		return error;
 	}
@@ -182,23 +182,44 @@ struct [[nodiscard]] Result {
 		return error;
 	}
 
-	constexpr auto &unwrap() noexcept {
+	constexpr T &unwrap() & noexcept {
 		if (error) {
 			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
 		}
 		return value;
 	}
 
-	constexpr auto &unwrapThrow() {
+	constexpr T &&unwrap() && noexcept {
+		if (error) {
+			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
+		}
+		return std::move(value);
+	}
+
+	constexpr T const&unwrap() const & noexcept {
+		if (error) [[unlikely]] {
+			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
+		}
+		return value;
+	}
+
+	constexpr T &unwrapThrow() & {
 		if (error) {
 			throw ox::Exception(error);
 		}
 		return value;
 	}
 
-	constexpr const auto &unwrap() const noexcept {
-		if (error) [[unlikely]] {
-			oxPanic(error, "Failed unwrap");
+	constexpr T &&unwrapThrow() && {
+		if (error) {
+			throw ox::Exception(error);
+		}
+		return std::move(value);
+	}
+
+	constexpr T const&unwrapThrow() const & {
+		if (error) {
+			throw ox::Exception(error);
 		}
 		return value;
 	}

deps/ox/src/ox/std/fmt.hpp

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ constexpr Fmt<segementCnt> fmtSegments(StringView fmt) noexcept {
 
 template<typename StringType = String, typename ...Args>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr StringType sfmt(StringView fmt, Args... args) noexcept {
+constexpr StringType sfmt(StringView fmt, Args&&... args) noexcept {
 	assert(ox::detail::argCount(fmt) == sizeof...(args));
 	StringType out;
 	const auto fmtSegments = ox::detail::fmtSegments<sizeof...(args)+1>(fmt);

deps/ox/src/ox/std/hashmap.hpp

@@ -18,25 +18,11 @@ namespace ox {
 template<typename K, typename T>
 class HashMap {
 
+	public:
 		using key_t = K;
 		using value_t = T;
 
 	private:
-		// Maybe StringView. If K (or KK for MaybeSV) is a string type,
-		// MaybeSV::type/MaybeSV_t is a StringView.
-		// This avoids creating unnecessary Strings when taking a StringView or C
-		// string in lookups.
-		template<typename KK, bool isStr = isOxString_v<KK>>
-		struct MaybeSV {
-			using type = KK;
-		};
-		template<typename KK>
-		struct MaybeSV<KK, true> {
-			using type = ox::StringView;
-		};
-		template<typename KK>
-		using MaybeSV_t = MaybeSV<KK>::type;
-
 		struct Pair {
 			K key = {};
 			T value{};
@@ -85,15 +71,9 @@ class HashMap {
 
 		constexpr static uint64_t hash(StringView const&) noexcept;
 
-		/**
-		 * K is assumed to be a null terminated string.
-		 */
 		template<typename KK>
 		constexpr Pair *const&access(Vector<Pair*> const&pairs, KK const&key) const;
 
-		/**
-		 * K is assumed to be a null terminated string.
-		 */
 		template<typename KK>
 		constexpr Pair *&access(Vector<Pair*> &pairs, KK const&key);
 
@@ -124,7 +104,7 @@ constexpr bool HashMap<K, T>::operator==(HashMap const&other) const {
 	if (m_keys != other.m_keys) {
 		return false;
 	}
-	for (int i = 0; i < m_keys.size(); i++) {
+	for (int i = 0; i < m_keys.size(); ++i) {
 		auto &k = m_keys[i];
 		if (at(k) != other.at(k)) {
 			return false;
@@ -194,7 +174,7 @@ constexpr void HashMap<K, T>::erase(MaybeSV_t<K> const&k) {
 	auto h = hash(k) % m_pairs.size();
 	while (true) {
 		const auto &p = m_pairs[h];
-		if (p == nullptr || ox_strcmp(p->key, k) == 0) {
+		if (p == nullptr || p->key == k) {
 			oxIgnoreError(m_pairs.erase(h));
 			break;
 		} else {
@@ -232,7 +212,7 @@ template<typename K, typename T>
 constexpr void HashMap<K, T>::expand() {
 	Vector<Pair*> r;
 	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_keys.size(); ++i) {
-		auto k = m_keys[i];
+		K k{m_keys[i]};
 		access(r, k) = std::move(access(m_pairs, k));
 	}
 	m_pairs = std::move(r);
@@ -264,7 +244,7 @@ constexpr typename HashMap<K, T>::Pair *const&HashMap<K, T>::access(Vector<Pair*
 	auto h = static_cast<std::size_t>(hash(k) % pairs.size());
 	while (true) {
 		const auto &p = pairs[h];
-		if (p == nullptr || ox_strcmp(p->key, k) == 0) {
+		if (p == nullptr || p->key == k) {
 			return p;
 		} else {
 			h = (h + 1) % pairs.size();
@@ -278,14 +258,7 @@ constexpr typename HashMap<K, T>::Pair *&HashMap<K, T>::access(Vector<Pair*> &pa
 	auto h = static_cast<std::size_t>(hash(k) % pairs.size());
 	while (true) {
 		auto &p = pairs[h];
-		bool matches = [&] {
-			if constexpr (is_integral_v<KK>) {
-				return p == nullptr || k == p->key;
-			} else {
-				return p == nullptr || ox_strcmp(p->key, k) == 0;
-			}
-		}();
-		if (matches) {
+		if (p == nullptr || p->key == k) {
 			return p;
 		} else {
 			h = (h + 1) % pairs.size();

deps/ox/src/ox/std/memory.hpp

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ template<typename T, typename Deleter = DefaultDelete>
 class UniquePtr {
 
 	private:
-		T *m_t;
+		T *m_t = nullptr;
 
 	public:
 		explicit constexpr UniquePtr(T *t = nullptr) noexcept: m_t(t) {
@@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ class UniquePtr {
 
 		constexpr UniquePtr(const UniquePtr&) = delete;
 
-		template<typename U>
-		constexpr UniquePtr(UniquePtr<U> &&other) noexcept {
+		template<typename U, typename UDeleter>
+		constexpr UniquePtr(UniquePtr<U, UDeleter> &&other) noexcept {
 			m_t = other.release();
 		}
 
@@ -210,25 +210,25 @@ class UniquePtr {
 			return m_t;
 		}
 
-		template<typename U>
-		constexpr void reset(UniquePtr<U> &&other = UniquePtr()) {
+		template<typename U, typename UDeleter>
+		constexpr void reset(UniquePtr<U, UDeleter> &&other = UniquePtr()) {
 			auto t = m_t;
 			m_t = other.release();
 			Deleter()(t);
 		}
 
-		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(const UniquePtr<T> &other) = delete;
+		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(UniquePtr const&other) = delete;
 
-		template<typename U>
-		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(const UniquePtr<U> &other) = delete;
+		template<typename U, typename UDeleter>
+		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(UniquePtr<U, UDeleter> const&other) = delete;
 
 		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(UniquePtr<T> &&other) noexcept {
 			reset(std::move(other));
 			return *this;
 		}
 
-		template<typename U>
-		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(UniquePtr<U> &&other) noexcept {
+		template<typename U, typename UDeleter>
+		constexpr UniquePtr &operator=(UniquePtr<U, UDeleter> &&other) noexcept {
 			reset(std::move(other));
 			return *this;
 		}
@@ -247,8 +247,8 @@ class UniquePtr {
 
 };
 
-template<typename T>
-using UPtr = UniquePtr<T>;
+template<typename T, typename Deleter = DefaultDelete>
+using UPtr = UniquePtr<T, Deleter>;
 
 template<typename T>
 constexpr bool operator==(const UniquePtr<T> &p1, const UniquePtr<T> &p2) noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/span.hpp

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class SpanView {
 		using value_type = T;
 		using size_type = std::size_t;
 
-		template<typename RefType = T&, typename PtrType = T*, bool reverse = false>
+		template<typename RefType = T const&, typename PtrType = T const*, bool reverse = false>
 		using iterator = SpanIterator<T, RefType, PtrType, reverse>;
 
 		template<std::size_t sz>
@@ -103,6 +103,11 @@ class SpanView {
 			return m_items[i];
 		}
 
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr T const*data() const noexcept {
+			return m_items;
+		}
+
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		constexpr std::size_t size() const noexcept {
 			return m_size;

deps/ox/src/ox/std/std.hpp

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "bstring.hpp"
 #include "byteswap.hpp"
 #include "concepts.hpp"
+#include "cstringview.hpp"
+#include "cstrops.hpp"
 #include "def.hpp"
 #include "defer.hpp"
 #include "defines.hpp"
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "stacktrace.hpp"
 #include "stddef.hpp"
 #include "string.hpp"
+#include "stringliteral.hpp"
 #include "stringview.hpp"
 #include "strongint.hpp"
 #include "strops.hpp"

deps/ox/src/ox/std/string.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2015 - 2022 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2023 gary@drinkingtea.net
  *
  * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
  * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#if defined(OX_USE_STDLIB)
+#if __has_include(<string>)
 #include <string>
 #endif
 
@@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ class BasicString {
 
 		constexpr explicit BasicString(std::size_t cap) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr BasicString(const char *str) noexcept;
+		constexpr explicit BasicString(const char *str) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr BasicString(const char8_t *str) noexcept;
+		constexpr explicit BasicString(const char8_t *str) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr BasicString(const char *str, std::size_t size) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr explicit BasicString(CRStringView str) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr BasicString(const BasicString&) noexcept;
+		constexpr explicit BasicString(BasicString const&) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr BasicString(BasicString&&) noexcept;
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class BasicString {
 
 		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(StringView src) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(const BasicString &src) noexcept;
+		constexpr BasicString &operator+=(BasicString const&src) noexcept;
 
 		constexpr BasicString operator+(const char *str) const noexcept;
 
@@ -142,23 +142,23 @@ class BasicString {
 
 		constexpr BasicString operator+(CRStringView src) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr BasicString operator+(const BasicString &src) const noexcept;
+		constexpr BasicString operator+(BasicString const&src) const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr bool operator==(const char *other) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr bool operator==(const OxString_c auto &other) const noexcept;
+		constexpr bool operator==(OxString_c auto const&other) const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr bool operator!=(const char *other) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr bool operator!=(const OxString_c auto &other) const noexcept;
+		constexpr bool operator!=(OxString_c auto const&other) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr bool operator<(const BasicString &other) const noexcept;
+		constexpr bool operator<(BasicString const&other) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr bool operator>(const BasicString &other) const noexcept;
+		constexpr bool operator>(BasicString const&other) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr bool operator<=(const BasicString &other) const noexcept;
+		constexpr bool operator<=(BasicString const&other) const noexcept;
 
-		constexpr bool operator>=(const BasicString &other) const noexcept;
+		constexpr bool operator>=(BasicString const&other) const noexcept;
 
 		constexpr char operator[](std::size_t i) const noexcept;
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class BasicString {
 			return c_str();
 		}
 
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
+#if __has_include(<string>)
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		inline std::string toStdString() const {
 			return c_str();
@@ -225,19 +225,14 @@ class BasicString {
 		constexpr std::size_t bytes() const noexcept;
 
 	private:
-		template<std::size_t OtherSize>
-		constexpr void set(const BasicString<OtherSize> &src) noexcept;
-
 		constexpr void set(CRStringView str) noexcept;
 
-		constexpr void set(const char *str) noexcept;
-
 		constexpr void set(const char8_t *str) noexcept;
 };
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString() noexcept {
-	if (m_buff.size()) {
+	if (!m_buff.empty()) {
 		m_buff[0] = 0;
 	} else {
 		m_buff.push_back(0);
@@ -247,14 +242,14 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString() noexcept {
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString(std::size_t cap) noexcept: m_buff(cap + 1) {
 	// GCC complains if you don't do this pretty unnecessary size check
-	if (m_buff.size()) {
+	if (!m_buff.empty()) {
 		m_buff[0] = 0;
 	}
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString(const char *str) noexcept {
-	if (m_buff.size()) {
+	if (!m_buff.empty()) {
 		m_buff[0] = 0;
 	} else {
 		m_buff.push_back(0);
@@ -264,7 +259,7 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString(const char *str) noexcept
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::BasicString(const char8_t *str) noexcept {
-	if (m_buff.size()) {
+	if (!m_buff.empty()) {
 		m_buff[0] = 0;
 	} else {
 		m_buff.push_back(0);
@@ -388,7 +383,7 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operat
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+=(const BasicString &src) noexcept {
+constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> &BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+=(BasicString const&src) noexcept {
 	oxIgnoreError(append(src.c_str(), src.len()));
 	return *this;
 }
@@ -436,7 +431,7 @@ constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operato
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+(const BasicString &src) const noexcept {
+constexpr BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator+(BasicString const&src) const noexcept {
 	const std::size_t strLen = src.len();
 	const auto currentLen = len();
 	BasicString<SmallStringSize_v> cpy(currentLen + strLen);
@@ -459,7 +454,7 @@ constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator==(const char *other) con
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator==(const OxString_c auto &other) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator==(OxString_c auto const&other) const noexcept {
 	return ox::StringView(*this) == ox::StringView(other);
 }
 
@@ -469,27 +464,27 @@ constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator!=(const char *other) con
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator!=(const OxString_c auto &other) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator!=(OxString_c auto const&other) const noexcept {
 	return !operator==(other);
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator<(const BasicString &other) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator<(BasicString const&other) const noexcept {
 	return ox_strcmp(c_str(), other.c_str()) < 0;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator>(const BasicString &other) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator>(BasicString const&other) const noexcept {
 	return ox_strcmp(c_str(), other.c_str()) > 0;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator<=(const BasicString &other) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator<=(BasicString const&other) const noexcept {
 	return ox_strcmp(c_str(), other.c_str()) < 1;
 }
 
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator>=(const BasicString &other) const noexcept {
+constexpr bool BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::operator>=(BasicString const&other) const noexcept {
 	return ox_strcmp(c_str(), other.c_str()) > -1;
 }
 
@@ -543,31 +538,14 @@ constexpr std::size_t BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::len() const noexcept {
 	return length;
 }
 
-template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-template<std::size_t OtherSize>
-constexpr void BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::set(const BasicString<OtherSize> &src) noexcept {
-	std::size_t strBytes = src.bytes();
-	m_buff.resize(strBytes);
-	copy_n(src.begin(), strBytes, m_buff.data());
-	*m_buff.back().value = 0;
-}
-
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr void BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::set(CRStringView str) noexcept {
-	std::size_t strBytes = str.bytes();
+	std::size_t const strBytes = str.bytes();
 	m_buff.resize(strBytes + 1);
 	copy_n(str.data(), strBytes, m_buff.data());
 	*m_buff.back().value = 0;
 }
 
-template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
-constexpr void BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::set(const char *str) noexcept {
-	std::size_t strBytes = ox_strlen(str) + 1;
-	m_buff.resize(strBytes);
-	copy_n(str, strBytes, m_buff.data());
-	*m_buff.back().value = 0;
-}
-
 template<std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 constexpr void BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>::set(const char8_t *str) noexcept {
 	std::size_t strBytes = ox_strlen(str) + 1;
@@ -581,6 +559,13 @@ extern template class BasicString<8>;
 using String = BasicString<8>;
 using CRString = String const&;
 
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr ox::String toString(ox::CRStringView sv) noexcept {
+	return ox::String(sv);
+}
+
+
 template<typename PlatSpec, std::size_t SmallStringSize_v>
 [[nodiscard]]
 constexpr auto sizeOf(const ox::BasicString<SmallStringSize_v>*) noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/stringliteral.hpp

@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ class StringLiteral: public detail::BaseStringView {
 			return *this;
 		}
 
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		constexpr const char *c_str() const noexcept {
+			return data();
+		}
 
 };
 

deps/ox/src/ox/std/stringview.hpp

@@ -12,12 +12,9 @@
 #include <string_view>
 #endif
 
-#include "bit.hpp"
-#include "concepts.hpp"
-#include "iterator.hpp"
-#include "stringliteral.hpp"
-#include "strops.hpp"
-#include "vector.hpp"
+#include "basestringview.hpp"
+#include "cstrops.hpp"
+#include "writer.hpp"
 
 namespace ox {
 
@@ -89,70 +86,6 @@ constexpr auto operator<=>(CRStringView s1, CRStringView s2) noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr bool beginsWith(CRStringView base, CRStringView beginning) noexcept {
-	const auto beginningLen = ox::min(beginning.len(), base.len());
-	return base.len() >= beginning.len() && ox_strncmp(base.data(), beginning, beginningLen) == 0;
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr bool endsWith(CRStringView base, CRStringView ending) noexcept {
-	const auto endingLen = ending.len();
-	return base.len() >= endingLen && ox_strcmp(base.data() + (base.len() - endingLen), ending) == 0;
-}
-
-constexpr std::size_t find(CRStringView str, char search) noexcept {
-	std::size_t i = 0;
-	for (; i < str.len(); ++i) {
-		if (str[i] == search) {
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	return i;
-}
-
-constexpr std::size_t find(CRStringView str, CRStringView search) noexcept {
-	std::size_t i = 0;
-	for (; i < str.len(); ++i) {
-		if (beginsWith(substr(str, i), search)) {
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	return i;
-}
-
-template<std::size_t smallSz = 0>
-constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(CRStringView str, char del) noexcept {
-	ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> out;
-	constexpr auto nextSeg = [](CRStringView current, char del) {
-		return substr(current, find(current, del) + 1);
-	};
-	for (auto current = str; current.len(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
-		const auto next = find(current, del);
-		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.len()) {
-			out.emplace_back(s);
-		}
-		current = substr(current, next);
-	}
-	return out;
-}
-
-template<std::size_t smallSz = 0>
-constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(CRStringView str, CRStringView del) noexcept {
-	ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> out;
-	constexpr auto nextSeg = [](CRStringView current, CRStringView del) {
-		return substr(current, find(current, del) + del.len());
-	};
-	for (auto current = str; current.len(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
-		const auto next = find(current, del);
-		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.len()) {
-			out.emplace_back(s);
-		}
-		current = substr(current, next);
-	}
-	return out;
-}
-
 constexpr auto write(Writer_c auto &writer, ox::CRStringView sv) noexcept {
 	return writer.write(sv.data(), sv.bytes());
 }
@@ -163,6 +96,22 @@ constexpr auto toStdStringView(CRStringView sv) noexcept {
 }
 #endif
 
+
+// Maybe StringView. If T is a string type, MaybeType::type/MaybeSV_t is a
+// StringView. This avoids creating unnecessary Strings when taking a
+// StringView or C string as a function argument.
+template<typename T, bool isStr = isOxString_v<T>>
+struct MaybeSV {
+	using type = T;
+};
+template<typename T>
+struct MaybeSV<T, true> {
+	using type = ox::StringView;
+};
+template<typename T>
+using MaybeSV_t = typename MaybeSV<T>::type;
+
+
 }
 
 constexpr ox::Result<int> ox_atoi(ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/strops.hpp

@@ -8,130 +8,19 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "concepts.hpp"
+#include "cstrops.hpp"
 #include "error.hpp"
 #include "math.hpp"
+#include "stringview.hpp"
 #include "types.hpp"
-#include "typetraits.hpp"
+#include "vector.hpp"
 #include "writer.hpp"
 
-template<typename T1, typename T2>
-constexpr T1 ox_strcpy(T1 dest, T2 src) noexcept {
-	using T1Type = typename ox::remove_reference<decltype(dest[0])>::type;
-	std::size_t i = 0;
-	while (src[i]) {
-		dest[i] = static_cast<T1Type>(src[i]);
-		++i;
-	}
-	// set null terminator
-	dest[i] = 0;
-	return dest;
-}
-
-template<typename T1, typename T2>
-constexpr T1 ox_strncpy(T1 dest, T2 src, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
-	using T1Type = typename ox::remove_reference<decltype(dest[0])>::type;
-	std::size_t i = 0;
-	while (i < maxLen && src[i]) {
-		dest[i] = static_cast<T1Type>(src[i]);
-		++i;
-	}
-	// set null terminator
-	dest[i] = 0;
-	return dest;
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto ox_strnlen(const char *str1, std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
-	std::size_t len = 0;
-	for (; len < maxLen && str1[len]; len++);
-	return len;
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr auto ox_strlen(T str1) noexcept {
-	std::size_t len = 0;
-	for (; str1[len]; len++);
-	return len;
-}
-
-template<typename T1, typename T2>
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr int ox_strcmp(const T1 &str1, const T2 &str2) noexcept {
-	auto retval = 0;
-	auto i = 0u;
-	while (str1[i] || str2[i]) {
-		if (str1[i] < str2[i]) {
-			retval = -1;
-			break;
-		} else if (str1[i] > str2[i]) {
-			retval = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
-
-template<typename T1, typename T2>
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr int ox_strncmp(T1 str1, T2 str2, const std::size_t maxLen) noexcept {
-	auto retval = 0;
-	std::size_t i = 0;
-	while (i < maxLen && (str1[i] || str2[i])) {
-		if (str1[i] < str2[i]) {
-			retval = -1;
-			break;
-		} else if (str1[i] > str2[i]) {
-			retval = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-		i++;
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr const char *ox_strchr(const char *str, int character, std::size_t maxLen = 0xFFFFFFFF) noexcept {
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i <= maxLen; i++) {
-		if (str[i] == character) {
-			return &str[i];
-		} else if (str[i] == 0) {
-			return nullptr;
-		}
-	}
-	return nullptr;
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr char *ox_strchr(char *str, int character, std::size_t maxLen = 0xFFFFFFFF) noexcept {
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < maxLen; i++) {
-		if (str[i] == character) {
-			return &str[i];
-		} else if (str[i] == 0) {
-			return nullptr;
-		}
-	}
-	return nullptr;
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]]
-constexpr int ox_lastIndexOf(const auto &str, int character, std::size_t maxLen = 0xFFFFFFFF) noexcept {
-	int retval = -1;
-	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < maxLen && str[i]; i++) {
-		if (str[i] == character) {
-			retval = static_cast<int>(i);
-		}
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
-
 namespace ox {
 
 template<OxString_c Str>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr Str substr(Str const&str, std::size_t pos) noexcept {
+constexpr ox::StringView substr(Str const&str, std::size_t pos) noexcept {
 	if (str.len() >= pos) {
 		return Str(str.data() + pos, str.len() - pos);
 	}
@@ -140,7 +29,7 @@ constexpr Str substr(Str const&str, std::size_t pos) noexcept {
 
 template<OxString_c Str>
 [[nodiscard]]
-constexpr Str substr(Str const&str, std::size_t start, std::size_t end) noexcept {
+constexpr ox::StringView substr(Str const&str, std::size_t start, std::size_t end) noexcept {
 	if (str.len() >= start && end >= start) {
 		return Str(str.data() + start, end - start);
 	}
@@ -179,38 +68,79 @@ constexpr ox::Error itoa(Integer v, ox::Writer_c auto &writer) noexcept {
 	return {};
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr bool beginsWith(CRStringView base, CRStringView beginning) noexcept {
+	const auto beginningLen = ox::min(beginning.len(), base.len());
+	return base.len() >= beginning.len() && ox_strncmp(base.data(), beginning, beginningLen) == 0;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr bool endsWith(CRStringView base, CRStringView ending) noexcept {
+	const auto endingLen = ending.len();
+	return base.len() >= endingLen && ox_strcmp(base.data() + (base.len() - endingLen), ending) == 0;
+}
+
+constexpr std::size_t find(CRStringView str, char search) noexcept {
+	std::size_t i = 0;
+	for (; i < str.len(); ++i) {
+		if (str[i] == search) {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+constexpr std::size_t find(CRStringView str, CRStringView search) noexcept {
+	std::size_t i = 0;
+	for (; i < str.len(); ++i) {
+		if (beginsWith(substr(str, i), search)) {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+template<std::size_t smallSz = 0>
+constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(CRStringView str, char del) noexcept {
+	ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> out;
+	constexpr auto nextSeg = [](CRStringView current, char del) {
+		return substr(current, find(current, del) + 1);
+	};
+	for (auto current = str; current.len(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
+		const auto next = find(current, del);
+		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.len()) {
+			out.emplace_back(s);
+		}
+		current = substr(current, next);
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+template<std::size_t smallSz = 0>
+constexpr ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> split(CRStringView str, CRStringView del) noexcept {
+	ox::Vector<ox::StringView, smallSz> out;
+	constexpr auto nextSeg = [](CRStringView current, CRStringView del) {
+		return substr(current, find(current, del) + del.len());
+	};
+	for (auto current = str; current.len(); current = nextSeg(current, del)) {
+		const auto next = find(current, del);
+		if (const auto s = substr(current, 0, next); s.len()) {
+			out.emplace_back(s);
+		}
+		current = substr(current, next);
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr ox::Result<std::size_t> lastIndexOf(ox::CRStringView str, int character) noexcept {
+	ox::Result<std::size_t> retval = OxError(1, "Character not found");
+	for (auto i = static_cast<int>(str.bytes() - 1); i >= 0; --i) {
+		if (str[static_cast<std::size_t>(i)] == character) {
+			retval = static_cast<std::size_t>(i);
+		}
+	}
+	return retval;
 }
 
-template<typename Integer, typename T>
-constexpr T ox_itoa(Integer v, T str) noexcept {
-	if (v) {
-		ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> mod = 1000000000000000000;
-		ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> val = v;
-		constexpr auto base = 10;
-		auto it = 0;
-		if (val < 0) {
-			str[static_cast<std::size_t>(it)] = '-';
-			it++;
-		}
-		while (mod) {
-			auto digit = val / mod;
-			val %= mod;
-			mod /= base;
-			if (it || digit) {
-				ox::ResizedInt_t<Integer, 64> start = '0';
-				if (digit >= 10) {
-					start = 'a';
-					digit -= 10;
-				}
-				str[static_cast<std::size_t>(it)] = static_cast<typename ox::remove_reference<decltype(str[0])>::type>(start + digit);
-				it++;
-			}
-		}
-		str[static_cast<std::size_t>(it)] = 0;
-	} else {
-		// 0 is a special case
-		str[0] = '0';
-		str[1] = 0;
-	}
-	return str;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/test/tests.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include <ox/std/uuid.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/std.hpp>
 
-static std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
+static std::map<ox::StringView, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 	{
 		"malloc",
 		[] {
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ static std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 		[] {
 			ox::Vector<int> v;
 			oxAssert(v.size() == 0, "Initial Vector size not 0");
+			oxAssert(v.empty(), "Vector::empty() is broken");
 			auto insertTest = [&v](int val, [[maybe_unused]] std::size_t size) {
 				v.push_back(val);
 				oxReturnError(OxError(v.size() != size, "Vector size incorrect"));
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ static std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 			oxAssert(w.write("aoeu", 4), "write failed");
 			oxExpect(b.size(), 8u);
 			oxExpect(ox::StringView(b.data(), b.size()), "asdfaoeu");
-			ox::StringView qwerty = "qwerty";
+			ox::StringView constexpr qwerty = "qwerty";
 			oxAssert(w.write(qwerty.data(), qwerty.bytes()), "write failed");
 			oxExpect(b.size(), 14u);
 			oxExpect(ox::StringView(b.data(), b.size()), "asdfaoeuqwerty");
@@ -313,12 +314,14 @@ static std::map<ox::String, ox::Error(*)()> tests = {
 };
 
 int main(int argc, const char **args) {
-	if (argc > 1) {
-		auto testName = args[1];
-		if (tests.find(testName) != tests.end()) {
-			oxAssert(tests[testName](), "Test returned Error");
-			return 0;
+	if (argc < 2) {
+		oxError("Must specify test to run");
 	}
+	auto const testName = args[1];
+	auto const func = tests.find(testName);
+	if (func != tests.end()) {
+		oxAssert(func->second(), "Test returned Error");
+		return 0;
 	}
 	return -1;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/trace.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2015 - 2022 gary@drinkingtea.net
+ * Copyright 2015 - 2023 gary@drinkingtea.net
  *
  * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
  * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ enum class MsgId: char {
 struct TraceMsgRcv {
 	static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.ox.trace.TraceMsg";
 	static constexpr auto TypeVersion = 1;
-	BasicString<50> file = "";
+	BasicString<50> file{""};
 	int line = 0;
 	uint64_t time = 0;
-	BasicString<50> ch = "";
+	BasicString<50> ch{""};
 	BasicString<100> msg;
 };
 
@@ -141,39 +141,22 @@ class OutStream {
 			m_msg.msg = msg;
 		}
 
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
 		template<std::size_t fmtSegmentCnt, typename ...Args>
-		constexpr OutStream(const char *file, int line, const char *ch, detail::Fmt<fmtSegmentCnt> fmtSegments, std::array<detail::FmtArg, fmtSegmentCnt - 1> elements) noexcept {
-			//static_assert(sizeof...(args) == fmtSegmentCnt - 1, "Wrong number of trace arguments for format.");
+		constexpr OutStream(const char *file, int line, const char *ch, detail::Fmt<fmtSegmentCnt> fmtSegments, Args const&...elements) noexcept {
+			static_assert(sizeof...(elements) == fmtSegmentCnt - 1, "Wrong number of trace arguments for format.");
 			m_msg.file = file;
 			m_msg.line = line;
 			m_msg.ch = ch;
 			const auto &firstSegment = fmtSegments.segments[0];
 			oxIgnoreError(m_msg.msg.append(firstSegment.str, firstSegment.length));
 			//const detail::FmtArg elements[sizeof...(args)] = {args...};
-			for (size_t i = 0; i < fmtSegments.size - 1; ++i) {
-				m_msg.msg += elements[i].out;
+			for (size_t i = 0; auto const&e : std::initializer_list<detail::FmtArg>{elements...}) {
+				m_msg.msg += e.out;
 				const auto &s = fmtSegments.segments[i + 1];
 				oxIgnoreError(m_msg.msg.append(s.str, s.length));
+				++i;
 			}
 		}
-#else
-		template<std::size_t fmtSegmentCnt, typename ...Args>
-		constexpr OutStream(const char *file, int line, const char *ch, detail::Fmt<fmtSegmentCnt> fmtSegments, Args... args) noexcept {
-			//static_assert(sizeof...(args) == fmtSegmentCnt - 1, "Wrong number of trace arguments for format.");
-			m_msg.file = file;
-			m_msg.line = line;
-			m_msg.ch = ch;
-			const auto &firstSegment = fmtSegments.segments[0];
-			oxIgnoreError(m_msg.msg.append(firstSegment.str, firstSegment.length));
-			const detail::FmtArg elements[sizeof...(args)] = {args...};
-			for (auto i = 0u; i < fmtSegments.size - 1; ++i) {
-				m_msg.msg += elements[i].out;
-				const auto &s = fmtSegments.segments[i + 1];
-				oxIgnoreError(m_msg.msg.append(s.str, s.length));
-			}
-		}
-#endif
 
 		inline ~OutStream() noexcept {
 			oxTraceHook(m_msg.file, m_msg.line, m_msg.ch, m_msg.msg.c_str());
@@ -257,15 +240,10 @@ class NullStream {
 		constexpr NullStream(const char*, int, const char*, const char* = "") noexcept {
 		}
 
-#ifdef OX_USE_STDLIB
 		template<std::size_t fmtSegmentCnt, typename ...Args>
-		constexpr NullStream(const char*, int, const char*, detail::Fmt<fmtSegmentCnt>, std::array<detail::FmtArg, fmtSegmentCnt - 1>) noexcept {
+		constexpr NullStream(const char*, int, const char*, detail::Fmt<fmtSegmentCnt>, Args const&...elements) noexcept {
+			static_assert(sizeof...(elements) == fmtSegmentCnt - 1, "Wrong number of trace arguments for format.");
 		}
-#else
-		template<std::size_t fmtSegmentCnt, typename ...Args>
-		constexpr NullStream(const char*, int, const char*, detail::Fmt<fmtSegmentCnt>, Args...) noexcept {
-		}
-#endif
 
 		template<typename T>
 		constexpr const NullStream &operator<<(const T&) const noexcept {

deps/ox/src/ox/std/typetraits.hpp

@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ template<std::size_t SmallStringSize>
 class BasicString;
 template<std::size_t sz>
 class BString;
+class CStringView;
 class StringLiteral;
 class StringView;
 
@@ -292,6 +293,10 @@ constexpr auto isOxString(const BString<sz>*) noexcept {
 	return true;
 }
 
+constexpr auto isOxString(const CStringView*) noexcept {
+	return true;
+}
+
 constexpr auto isOxString(const StringLiteral*) noexcept {
 	return true;
 }

deps/ox/src/ox/std/vector.hpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include "iterator.hpp"
 #include "math.hpp"
 #include "memory.hpp"
-#include "new.hpp"
+#include "stringview.hpp"
 #include "types.hpp"
 #include "utility.hpp"
 
@@ -254,12 +254,12 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		constexpr bool contains(const T&) const noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr bool contains(MaybeSV_t<T> const&) const noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> insert(
-				std::size_t pos, std::size_t cnt, const T &val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+				std::size_t pos, std::size_t cnt, MaybeSV_t<T> const&val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> insert(std::size_t pos, const T &val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> insert(std::size_t pos, MaybeSV_t<T> const&val) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		template<typename... Args>
 		constexpr iterator<T&, T*, false> emplace(std::size_t pos, Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept);
@@ -267,7 +267,9 @@ class Vector: detail::VectorAllocator<T, Allocator, SmallVectorSize> {
 		template<typename... Args>
 		constexpr T &emplace_back(Args&&... args) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
-		constexpr void push_back(const T &item) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+		constexpr void push_back(T &&item) noexcept(useNoexcept);
+
+		constexpr void push_back(MaybeSV_t<T> const&item) noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
 		constexpr void pop_back() noexcept(useNoexcept);
 
@@ -484,7 +486,7 @@ constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::resize(std::size_t size) n
 }
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::contains(const T &v) const noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::contains(MaybeSV_t<T> const&v) const noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_size; i++) {
 		if (m_items[i] == v) {
 			return true;
@@ -496,7 +498,7 @@ constexpr bool Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::contains(const T &v) const
 template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>
 Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(
-		std::size_t pos, std::size_t cnt, const T &val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+		std::size_t pos, std::size_t cnt, MaybeSV_t<T> const&val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size + cnt > m_cap) {
 		reserveInsert(m_cap ? m_size + cnt : initialCap, pos, cnt);
 		if (pos < m_size) {
@@ -524,7 +526,7 @@ Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
 constexpr typename Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::template iterator<T&, T*, false>
-Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(std::size_t pos, const T &val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::insert(std::size_t pos, MaybeSV_t<T> const&val) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
 		reserveInsert(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap, pos);
 		if (pos < m_size) {
@@ -581,7 +583,16 @@ constexpr T &Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::emplace_back(Args&&... args)
 }
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
-constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(const T &item) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(T &&item) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
+	if (m_size == m_cap) {
+		reserve(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap);
+	}
+	std::construct_at(&m_items[m_size], std::move(item));
+	++m_size;
+}
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t SmallVectorSize, typename Allocator>
+constexpr void Vector<T, SmallVectorSize, Allocator>::push_back(MaybeSV_t<T> const&item) noexcept(useNoexcept) {
 	if (m_size == m_cap) {
 		reserve(m_cap ? m_cap * 2 : initialCap);
 	}

deps/teagba/include/teagba/gfx.hpp

@@ -36,9 +36,6 @@ struct OX_ALIGN8 GbaSpriteAttrUpdate {
 
 };
 
-extern volatile uint16_t g_spriteUpdates;
-extern ox::Array<GbaSpriteAttrUpdate, 128> g_spriteBuffer;
-
 void addSpriteUpdate(const GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &upd) noexcept;
 
 void applySpriteUpdates() noexcept;

deps/teagba/src/gfx.cpp

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 
 namespace teagba {
 
-volatile uint16_t g_spriteUpdates = 0;
-ox::Array<GbaSpriteAttrUpdate, 128> g_spriteBuffer;
+static volatile uint16_t g_spriteUpdates = 0;
+static ox::Array<GbaSpriteAttrUpdate, 128> g_spriteBuffer;
 
 void addSpriteUpdate(const GbaSpriteAttrUpdate &upd) noexcept {
 	// block until g_spriteUpdates is less than buffer len

developer-handbook.md

@@ -485,17 +485,14 @@ implements a superset of JSON.
 OrganicClaw requires support for 64 bit integers, whereas normal JSON
 technically does not.
 
+These formats do not currently support floats.
+
 There is also a wrapper format called Claw that provides a header at the
 beginning of the file and can dynamically switch between the two depending on
 what the header says is present.
 The Claw header also includes information about the type and type version of
 the data.
 
-Except when the data is exported for loading on the GBA, Claw is always used as
-a wrapper around the bare formats.
-
-These formats do not currently support ```float```s.
-
 Claw header: ```M1;net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core.NostalgiaPalette;1;```
 
 That reads:
@@ -504,6 +501,9 @@ That reads:
 * Type ID is net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core.NostalgiaPalette
 * Type version is 1
 
+Except when the data is exported for loading on the GBA, Claw is always used as
+a wrapper around the bare formats.
+
 #### Metal Claw Example
 
 ##### Read

sample_project/.nostalgia/type_descriptors/net.drinkingtea.ox.FileAddress.Data;1

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ O1;net.drinkingtea.ox.TypeDescriptor;1;{
 			"typeId" : "B.uint64;0"
 		}
 	],
-	"preloadable" : true,
 	"primitiveType" : 6,
 	"typeName" : "net.drinkingtea.ox.FileAddress.Data",
 	"typeVersion" : 1

sample_project/.nostalgia/type_descriptors/net.drinkingtea.ox.FileAddress;1

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ O1;net.drinkingtea.ox.TypeDescriptor;1;{
 			"typeId" : "net.drinkingtea.ox.FileAddress.Data"
 		}
 	],
-	"preloadable" : true,
 	"primitiveType" : 5,
 	"typeName" : "net.drinkingtea.ox.FileAddress",
 	"typeVersion" : 1

scripts/pkg-gba.py

@@ -21,12 +21,13 @@ host_env = f'{os}-{arch}'
 with open(".current_build","r") as f:
     current_build = f.readlines()[0]
 
+project_dir = sys.argv[1]
+project_name = sys.argv[2]
 bin = f'./build/{host_env}-{current_build}/bin/'
-nostalgia_bin = 'build/gba-release/bin/nostalgia.bin'
-nostalgia_project = sys.argv[1]
-nostalgia_gba = 'nostalgia.gba'
+project_bin = f'build/gba-release/bin/{project_name}.bin'
+project_gba = f'{project_name}.gba'
 
-shutil.copyfile(nostalgia_bin, nostalgia_gba)
+shutil.copyfile(project_bin, project_gba)
 subprocess.run([
-    f'{bin}/nost-pack', '-src', nostalgia_project, '-rom-bin', nostalgia_gba])
-subprocess.run(['gbafix', nostalgia_gba])
+    f'{bin}/{project_name}-pack', '-src', project_dir, '-rom-bin', project_gba])
+subprocess.run(['gbafix', project_gba])

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,2 @@
-include_directories(".")
-
-if(TURBINE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Native")
-    add_subdirectory(glutils)
-    add_subdirectory(studio)
-endif()
-add_subdirectory(keel)
 add_subdirectory(nostalgia)
-add_subdirectory(turbine)
+add_subdirectory(olympic)

src/keel/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-
-add_library(
-	Keel
-		asset.cpp
-		keel.cpp
-		media.cpp
-		module.cpp
-		pack.cpp
-		typeconv.cpp
-		typestore.cpp
-)
-
-target_link_libraries(
-	Keel PUBLIC
-		OxClaw
-		OxEvent
-		OxFS
-		OxModel
-		OxPreloader
-)
-
-install(
-	FILES
-		asset.hpp
-		assetmanager.hpp
-		context.hpp
-		keel.hpp
-		media.hpp
-		module.hpp
-		pack.hpp
-		typeconv.hpp
-		typestore.hpp
-	DESTINATION
-		include/keel
-)
-
-install(
-	TARGETS
-		Keel
-	DESTINATION
-		LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
-		ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
-)
-
-if(TURBINE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Native")
-	add_subdirectory(test)
-endif()

src/nostalgia/modules/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 add_subdirectory(core)
 add_subdirectory(scene)
 
-
 # module libraries
 
 # Keel
@@ -43,3 +42,11 @@ if(TURBINE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Native")
 			include/nostalgia/modules
 	)
 endif()
+
+add_library(NostalgiaProfile INTERFACE)
+target_compile_definitions(
+	NostalgiaProfile INTERFACE
+		OLYMPIC_PROJECT_NAME="Nostalgia"
+		OLYMPIC_PROJECT_NAMESPACE=nostalgia
+		OLYMPIC_PROJECT_DATADIR=".nostalgia"
+)

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/color.hpp

@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <ox/std/types.hpp>
-#include <ox/std/point.hpp>
-
-#include "context.hpp"
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/context.hpp

@@ -15,19 +15,15 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-// User Input Output
-class Context {
-
-	public:
-		Context() noexcept = default;
-		Context(Context &other) noexcept = delete;
-		Context(const Context &other) noexcept = delete;
-		Context(const Context &&other) noexcept = delete;
-		virtual ~Context() noexcept = default;
+class Context;
 
+struct ContextDeleter {
+	void operator()(Context *p) noexcept;
 };
 
-ox::Result<ox::UniquePtr<Context>> init(turbine::Context *tctx, const InitParams& = {}) noexcept;
+using ContextUPtr = ox::UPtr<Context, ContextDeleter>;
+
+ox::Result<ContextUPtr> init(turbine::Context &tctx, InitParams const&params = {}) noexcept;
 
 }
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/gfx.hpp

@@ -36,48 +36,56 @@ oxModelBegin(Sprite)
 oxModelEnd()
 
 [[nodiscard]]
-uint8_t bgStatus(Context *ctx) noexcept;
+uint8_t bgStatus(Context &ctx) noexcept;
 
-void setBgStatus(Context *ctx, uint32_t status) noexcept;
+void setBgStatus(Context &ctx, uint32_t status) noexcept;
 
-bool bgStatus(Context *ctx, unsigned bg) noexcept;
+bool bgStatus(Context &ctx, unsigned bg) noexcept;
 
-void setBgStatus(Context *ctx, unsigned bg, bool status) noexcept;
+void setBgStatus(Context &ctx, unsigned bg, bool status) noexcept;
 
-void setBgCbb(Context *ctx, unsigned bgIdx, unsigned cbb) noexcept;
+void setBgCbb(Context &ctx, unsigned bgIdx, unsigned cbb) noexcept;
 
 /**
  * @param section describes which section of the selected TileSheetSpace to use (e.g. MEM_PALLETE_BG[section])
  */
 ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		unsigned cbb,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr = nullptr) noexcept;
 
 ox::Error loadSpriteTileSheet(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept;
 
-ox::Error initConsole(Context *ctx) noexcept;
+ox::Error initConsole(Context &ctx) noexcept;
 
-void puts(Context *ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept;
+void puts(Context &ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept;
 
-void setTile(Context *ctx, unsigned bgIdx, int column, int row, uint8_t tile) noexcept;
+void setTile(Context &ctx, unsigned bgIdx, int column, int row, uint8_t tile) noexcept;
 
-void clearTileLayer(Context *ctx, unsigned bgIdx) noexcept;
+void clearTileLayer(Context &ctx, unsigned bgIdx) noexcept;
 
-void hideSprite(Context *ctx, unsigned) noexcept;
+void hideSprite(Context &ctx, unsigned) noexcept;
 
-void setSprite(Context *ctx, unsigned idx, int x, int y, unsigned tileIdx,
+void setSprite(Context &ctx, unsigned idx, int x, int y, unsigned tileIdx,
                unsigned spriteShape = 0, unsigned spriteSize = 0, unsigned flipX = 0) noexcept;
 
-void setSprite(Context *ctx, Sprite const&s) noexcept;
+void setSprite(Context &ctx, Sprite const&s) noexcept;
 
 }
 
 namespace nostalgia::core::gl {
-void drawMainView(core::Context&, ox::Size const&) noexcept;
-}
 
+constexpr ox::CStringView GlslVersion = "#version 330";
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+ox::Size drawSize(int scale = 5) noexcept;
+
+void draw(core::Context &ctx, ox::Size const&renderSz) noexcept;
+
+void draw(core::Context&, int scale = 5) noexcept;
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/palette.hpp

@@ -8,12 +8,11 @@
 #include <ox/std/point.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/size.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/types.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/vector.hpp>
 #include <ox/model/def.hpp>
 
 
 #include "color.hpp"
-#include "context.hpp"
-#include "ptidxconv.hpp"
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/include/nostalgia/core/tilesheet.hpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <ox/fs/fs.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/array.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/point.hpp>
 #include <ox/std/size.hpp>
@@ -11,10 +12,8 @@
 #include <ox/std/types.hpp>
 #include <ox/model/def.hpp>
 
+#include <nostalgia/core/ptidxconv.hpp>
 
-#include "color.hpp"
-#include "context.hpp"
-#include "ptidxconv.hpp"
 #include "palette.hpp"
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ struct TileSheet {
 		SubSheet &operator=(SubSheet &&other) noexcept;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-		std::size_t idx(const ox::Point &pt) const noexcept;
+		std::size_t idx(ox::Point const&pt) const noexcept;
 
 		/**
 		 * Reads all pixels of this sheet or its children into the given pixel list
@@ -160,7 +159,7 @@ struct TileSheet {
 
 		void setPixel(int8_t pBpp, uint64_t idx, uint8_t palIdx) noexcept;
 
-		void setPixel(int8_t pBpp, const ox::Point &pt, uint8_t palIdx) noexcept;
+		void setPixel(int8_t pBpp, ox::Point const&pt, uint8_t palIdx) noexcept;
 
 		ox::Error setPixelCount(int8_t pBpp, std::size_t cnt) noexcept;
 
@@ -175,19 +174,16 @@ struct TileSheet {
 		/**
 		 * Gets the offset in tiles of the desired subsheet.
 		 */
-		[[nodiscard]]
 		ox::Result<unsigned> getTileOffset(
 				ox::SpanView<ox::StringView> const&pNamePath,
 				int8_t pBpp,
 				std::size_t pIt = 0,
 				unsigned pCurrentTotal = 0) const noexcept;
 
-		[[nodiscard]]
 		ox::Result<SubSheetId> getIdFor(
 				ox::SpanView<ox::StringView> const&pNamePath,
 				std::size_t pIt = 0) const noexcept;
 
-		[[nodiscard]]
 		ox::Result<ox::StringView> getNameFor(SubSheetId pId) const noexcept;
 
 	};
@@ -200,7 +196,7 @@ struct TileSheet {
 	SubSheet subsheet{0, "Root", 1, 1, bpp};
 
 	constexpr TileSheet() noexcept = default;
-	TileSheet(const TileSheet &other) noexcept = default;
+	TileSheet(TileSheet const&other) noexcept = default;
 	inline TileSheet(TileSheet &&other) noexcept:
 		bpp(other.bpp),
 		idIt(other.idIt),
@@ -208,13 +204,13 @@ struct TileSheet {
 		subsheet(std::move(other.subsheet)) {
 	}
 
-	TileSheet &operator=(const TileSheet &other) noexcept;
+	TileSheet &operator=(TileSheet const&other) noexcept;
 
 	TileSheet &operator=(TileSheet &&other) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	SubSheetIdx validateSubSheetIdx(
-			const SubSheetIdx &pIdx,
+			SubSheetIdx const&pIdx,
 			std::size_t pIdxIt,
 			const SubSheet *pSubsheet) noexcept;
 
@@ -229,43 +225,43 @@ struct TileSheet {
 	SubSheetIdx validateSubSheetIdx(const SubSheetIdx &idx) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	static const SubSheet &getSubSheet(
-			const SubSheetIdx &idx,
+	static SubSheet const&getSubSheet(
+			SubSheetIdx const&idx,
 			std::size_t idxIt,
 			const SubSheet *pSubsheet) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	static SubSheet &getSubSheet(
-			const SubSheetIdx &idx,
+			SubSheetIdx const&idx,
 			std::size_t idxIt,
 			SubSheet *pSubsheet) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	const SubSheet &getSubSheet(const SubSheetIdx &idx) const noexcept;
+	const SubSheet &getSubSheet(SubSheetIdx const&idx) const noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	SubSheet &getSubSheet(const SubSheetIdx &idx) noexcept;
+	SubSheet &getSubSheet(SubSheetIdx const&idx) noexcept;
 
-	ox::Error addSubSheet(const SubSheetIdx &idx) noexcept;
+	ox::Error addSubSheet(SubSheetIdx const&idx) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	static ox::Error rmSubSheet(
-			const SubSheetIdx &idx,
+			SubSheetIdx const&idx,
 			std::size_t idxIt,
 			SubSheet *pSubsheet) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
-	ox::Error rmSubSheet(const SubSheetIdx &idx) noexcept;
+	ox::Error rmSubSheet(SubSheetIdx const&idx) noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	uint8_t getPixel4Bpp(
-			const ox::Point &pt,
-			const SubSheetIdx &subsheetIdx) const noexcept;
+			ox::Point const&pt,
+			SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx) const noexcept;
 
 	[[nodiscard]]
 	uint8_t getPixel8Bpp(
-			const ox::Point &pt,
-			const SubSheetIdx &subsheetIdx) const noexcept;
+			ox::Point const&pt,
+			SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx) const noexcept;
 
 	ox::Result<SubSheetId> getIdFor(ox::CRStringView path) const noexcept;
 
@@ -278,6 +274,8 @@ struct TileSheet {
 
 };
 
+using TileSheetV3 = TileSheet;
+
 struct CompactTileSheet {
 	static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core.CompactTileSheet";
 	static constexpr auto TypeVersion = 1;
@@ -309,7 +307,7 @@ oxModelBegin(TileSheetV2)
 	oxModelField(subsheet)
 oxModelEnd()
 
-oxModelBegin(TileSheet::SubSheet)
+oxModelBegin(TileSheetV3::SubSheet)
 	oxModelField(name);
 	oxModelField(rows);
 	oxModelField(columns);
@@ -317,7 +315,7 @@ oxModelBegin(TileSheet::SubSheet)
 	oxModelField(pixels)
 oxModelEnd()
 
-oxModelBegin(TileSheet)
+oxModelBegin(TileSheetV3)
 	oxModelField(bpp)
 	oxModelField(idIt)
 	oxModelField(defaultPalette)

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ target_link_libraries(
 	NostalgiaCore-GBA PUBLIC
 		TeaGBA
 		Keel
+		Turbine
 )
 
 if(TURBINE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "GBA")

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/context.cpp

@@ -8,15 +8,19 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-GbaContext::GbaContext(turbine::Context *tctx) noexcept: turbineCtx(tctx) {
+void ContextDeleter::operator()(Context *p) noexcept {
+	ox::safeDelete(p);
 }
 
-ox::Error initGfx(Context *ctx, InitParams const&) noexcept;
+Context::Context(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept: turbineCtx(tctx) {
+}
 
-ox::Result<ox::UniquePtr<Context>> init(turbine::Context *tctx, InitParams const&params) noexcept {
-	auto ctx = ox::make_unique<GbaContext>(tctx);
-	oxReturnError(initGfx(ctx.get(), params));
-	return ox::UPtr<Context>(ctx.release());
+ox::Error initGfx(Context &ctx, InitParams const&) noexcept;
+
+ox::Result<ContextUPtr> init(turbine::Context &tctx, InitParams const&params) noexcept {
+	auto ctx = ox::make_unique<Context>(tctx);
+	oxReturnError(initGfx(*ctx, params));
+	return ContextUPtr(std::move(ctx));
 }
 
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/context.hpp

@@ -8,15 +8,20 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-struct GbaContext: public core::Context {
+class Context {
 
-	turbine::Context const*turbineCtx = nullptr;
+	public:
+		turbine::Context &turbineCtx;
 
-	explicit GbaContext(turbine::Context *tctx) noexcept;
+		explicit Context(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept;
+		Context(Context &other) noexcept = delete;
+		Context(Context const&other) noexcept = delete;
+		Context(Context const&&other) noexcept = delete;
+		virtual ~Context() noexcept = default;
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
-	auto const&rom() const noexcept {
-		return *turbine::rom(*turbineCtx);
+		ox::MemFS const&rom() const noexcept {
+			return static_cast<ox::MemFS const&>(*turbine::rom(turbineCtx));
 		}
 
 };

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/gfx.cpp

@@ -71,44 +71,45 @@ constexpr ox::Error model(auto *io, ox::CommonPtrWith<GbaTileMapTarget> auto *t)
 	return io->template field<uint8_t, decltype(handleTileMap)>("tileMap", handleTileMap);
 }
 
-ox::Error initGfx(Context*, InitParams const&) noexcept {
+ox::Error initGfx(Context&, InitParams const&) noexcept {
 	for (auto bgCtl = &REG_BG0CTL; bgCtl <= &REG_BG3CTL; bgCtl += 2) {
 		teagba::bgSetSbb(bgCtl, 28);
 	}
 	return {};
 }
 
-void shutdownGfx(Context*) noexcept {
-}
-
-uint8_t bgStatus(Context*) noexcept {
+uint8_t bgStatus(Context&) noexcept {
 	return (REG_DISPCTL >> 8u) & 0b1111u;
 }
 
-void setBgStatus(Context*, uint32_t status) noexcept {
+void setBgStatus(Context&, uint32_t status) noexcept {
 	constexpr auto BgStatus = 8;
 	REG_DISPCTL = (REG_DISPCTL & ~0b111100000000u) | status << BgStatus;
 }
 
-bool bgStatus(Context*, unsigned bg) noexcept {
+bool bgStatus(Context&, unsigned bg) noexcept {
 	return (REG_DISPCTL >> (8 + bg)) & 1;
 }
 
-void setBgStatus(Context*, unsigned bg, bool status) noexcept {
+void setBgStatus(Context&, unsigned bg, bool status) noexcept {
 	constexpr auto Bg0Status = 8;
 	const auto mask = static_cast<uint32_t>(status) << (Bg0Status + bg);
 	REG_DISPCTL = REG_DISPCTL | ((REG_DISPCTL & ~mask) | mask);
 }
 
-void setBgCbb(Context*, unsigned bgIdx, unsigned cbb) noexcept {
+static void setBgCbb(Context*, unsigned bgIdx, unsigned cbb) noexcept {
 	auto &bgCtl = regBgCtl(bgIdx);
 	const auto &cbbData = g_cbbData[cbb];
 	teagba::bgSetBpp(&bgCtl, cbbData.bpp);
 	teagba::bgSetCbb(&bgCtl, cbb);
 }
 
+void setBgCbb(Context&, unsigned bgIdx, unsigned cbb) noexcept {
+	setBgCbb(nullptr, bgIdx, cbb);
+}
+
 static ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
-		const ox::MemFS &rom,
+		ox::MemFS const&rom,
 		unsigned cbb,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
@@ -136,22 +137,20 @@ static ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
 }
 
 ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		unsigned cbb,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = static_cast<GbaContext&>(*ctx);
-	auto &rom = static_cast<const ox::MemFS&>(gctx.rom());
+	auto &rom = ctx.rom();
 	return loadBgTileSheet(rom, cbb, tilesheetAddr, paletteAddr);
 }
 
 ox::Error loadSpriteTileSheet(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = static_cast<GbaContext&>(*ctx);
-	auto &rom = static_cast<const ox::MemFS&>(gctx.rom());
-	oxRequire(tsStat, gctx.rom().stat(tilesheetAddr));
+	auto &rom = ctx.rom();
+	oxRequire(tsStat, ctx.rom().stat(tilesheetAddr));
 	oxRequire(ts, rom.directAccess(tilesheetAddr));
 	GbaTileMapTarget target;
 	target.pal.palette = MEM_SPRITE_PALETTE;
@@ -159,27 +158,25 @@ ox::Error loadSpriteTileSheet(
 	oxReturnError(ox::readMC(ts, static_cast<std::size_t>(tsStat.size), &target));
 	// load external palette if available
 	if (paletteAddr) {
-		oxRequire(palStat, gctx.rom().stat(paletteAddr));
+		oxRequire(palStat, ctx.rom().stat(paletteAddr));
 		oxRequire(pal, rom.directAccess(paletteAddr));
 		oxReturnError(ox::readMC(pal, static_cast<std::size_t>(palStat.size), &target.pal));
 	}
 	return {};
 }
 
-ox::Error loadBgPalette(Context *ctx, unsigned, ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = static_cast<GbaContext&>(*ctx);
-	auto &rom = static_cast<const ox::MemFS&>(gctx.rom());
+ox::Error loadBgPalette(Context &ctx, unsigned, ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
+	auto &rom = ctx.rom();
 	GbaPaletteTarget target;
 	target.palette = MEM_BG_PALETTE;
-	oxRequire(palStat, gctx.rom().stat(paletteAddr));
+	oxRequire(palStat, ctx.rom().stat(paletteAddr));
 	oxRequire(pal, rom.directAccess(paletteAddr));
 	oxReturnError(ox::readMC(pal, static_cast<std::size_t>(palStat.size), &target));
 	return {};
 }
 
-ox::Error loadSpritePalette(Context *ctx, unsigned cbb, ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = static_cast<GbaContext&>(*ctx);
-	auto &rom = static_cast<const ox::MemFS&>(gctx.rom());
+ox::Error loadSpritePalette(Context &ctx, unsigned cbb, ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
+	auto &rom = ctx.rom();
 	GbaPaletteTarget target;
 	target.palette = &MEM_SPRITE_PALETTE[cbb];
 	oxRequire(palStat, rom.stat(paletteAddr));
@@ -188,25 +185,16 @@ ox::Error loadSpritePalette(Context *ctx, unsigned cbb, ox::FileAddress const&pa
 	return {};
 }
 
-// Do NOT rely on Context in the GBA version of this function.
-ox::Error initConsole(Context *ctx) noexcept {
-	constexpr ox::FileAddress TilesheetAddr("/TileSheets/Charset.ng");
-	constexpr ox::FileAddress PaletteAddr("/Palettes/Charset.npal");
+ox::Error initConsole(Context &ctx) noexcept {
+	constexpr ox::FileAddress TilesheetAddr = ox::StringLiteral("/TileSheets/Charset.ng");
+	constexpr ox::FileAddress PaletteAddr = ox::StringLiteral("/Palettes/Charset.npal");
 	setBgStatus(ctx, 0b0001);
-	if (!ctx) {
-		oxRequire(rom, keel::loadRom());
-		const ox::FileSystem32 romFs(ox::FileStore32(rom, 32 * ox::units::MB));
-		oxReturnError(loadBgTileSheet(romFs, 0, TilesheetAddr, PaletteAddr));
-		setBgCbb(nullptr, 0, 0);
-		return {};
-	} else {
 	oxReturnError(loadBgTileSheet(ctx, 0, TilesheetAddr, PaletteAddr));
 	setBgCbb(ctx, 0, 0);
 	return {};
-	}
 }
 
-void puts(Context *ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {
+void puts(Context &ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {
 	const auto col = static_cast<unsigned>(column);
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < str.bytes(); i++) {
 		const auto c = charMap[static_cast<std::size_t>(str[i])];
@@ -214,18 +202,18 @@ void puts(Context *ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-void setTile(Context*, unsigned bgIdx, int column, int row, uint8_t tile) noexcept {
+void setTile(Context&, unsigned bgIdx, int column, int row, uint8_t tile) noexcept {
 	const auto tileIdx = static_cast<std::size_t>(row * GbaTileColumns + column);
 	MEM_BG_MAP[bgIdx][tileIdx] = tile;
 }
 
 // Do NOT use Context in the GBA version of this function.
-void clearTileLayer(Context*, unsigned bgIdx) noexcept {
+void clearTileLayer(Context&, unsigned bgIdx) noexcept {
 	memset(MEM_BG_MAP[bgIdx].data(), 0, GbaTileRows * GbaTileColumns);
 }
 
 [[maybe_unused]]
-void hideSprite(Context*, unsigned idx) noexcept {
+void hideSprite(Context&, unsigned idx) noexcept {
 	//oxAssert(g_spriteUpdates < config::GbaSpriteBufferLen, "Sprite update buffer overflow");
 	teagba::GbaSpriteAttrUpdate oa;
 	oa.attr0 = 2 << 8;
@@ -233,7 +221,7 @@ void hideSprite(Context*, unsigned idx) noexcept {
 	teagba::addSpriteUpdate(oa);
 }
 
-void setSprite(Context*,
+void setSprite(Context&,
                unsigned idx,
                int x,
                int y,

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/gfx.hpp

@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@
 #include <nostalgia/core/context.hpp>
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
-ox::Error initGfx(Context *ctx, InitParams const&) noexcept;
+ox::Error initGfx(Context &ctx, InitParams const&) noexcept;
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gba/panic.cpp

@@ -3,33 +3,44 @@
  */
 
 
-#include <nostalgia/core/core.hpp>
+#include <ox/std/def.hpp>
+
+#include <keel/media.hpp>
+#include <turbine/turbine.hpp>
 
 #include <teagba/addresses.hpp>
 #include <teagba/bios.hpp>
-#include <teagba/gfx.hpp>
+
+#include <nostalgia/core/core.hpp>
 
 #include "gfx.hpp"
 
+#define HEAP_BEGIN (reinterpret_cast<char*>(MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN))
+#define HEAP_SIZE ((MEM_EWRAM_END - MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN) / 2)
+#define HEAP_END  (reinterpret_cast<char*>(MEM_EWRAM_BEGIN + HEAP_SIZE))
+
 namespace ox {
 
 using namespace nostalgia::core;
 
 void panic(const char *file, int line, const char *panicMsg, ox::Error const&err) noexcept {
-	oxIgnoreError(initGfx(nullptr, {}));
-	oxIgnoreError(initConsole(nullptr));
-	// enable only BG 0
-	REG_DISPCTL = teagba::DispCtl_Bg0;
-	clearTileLayer(nullptr, 0);
+	// reset heap to make sure we have enough memory to allocate context data
+	ox::heapmgr::initHeap(HEAP_BEGIN, HEAP_END);
+	auto tctx = turbine::init(keel::loadRomFs("").unwrap(), "Nostalgia").unwrap();
+	auto ctx = init(*tctx).unwrap();
+	oxIgnoreError(initGfx(*ctx, {}));
+	oxIgnoreError(initConsole(*ctx));
+	setBgStatus(*ctx, 0, true);
+	clearTileLayer(*ctx, 0);
 	ox::BString<23> serr = "Error code: ";
 	serr += static_cast<int64_t>(err);
-	puts(nullptr, 32 + 1,  1, "SADNESS...");
-	puts(nullptr, 32 + 1,  4, "UNEXPECTED STATE:");
-	puts(nullptr, 32 + 2,  6, panicMsg);
+	puts(*ctx, 32 + 1,  1, "SADNESS...");
+	puts(*ctx, 32 + 1,  4, "UNEXPECTED STATE:");
+	puts(*ctx, 32 + 2,  6, panicMsg);
 	if (err) {
-		puts(nullptr, 32 + 2,  8, serr);
+		puts(*ctx, 32 + 2,  8, serr);
 	}
-	puts(nullptr, 32 + 1, 15, "PLEASE RESTART THE SYSTEM");
+	puts(*ctx, 32 + 1, 15, "PLEASE RESTART THE SYSTEM");
 	// print to terminal if in mGBA
 	oxErrf("\033[31;1;1mPANIC:\033[0m [{}:{}]: {}\n", file, line, panicMsg);
 	if (err.msg) {

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/gfx.cpp

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ ox::Array<char, 128> charMap = {
 	0,  // space
 	38, // !
 	0,  // "
-	0,  // #
+	49, // #
 	0,  // $
 	0,  // %
 	0,  // &
@@ -132,12 +132,12 @@ ox::Array<char, 128> charMap = {
 	25, // y
 	26, // z
 	46, // {
-	0,  // |
+	51, // |
 	48, // }
-	0,  // ~
+	50, // ~
 };
 
-void setSprite(Context *c, const Sprite &s) noexcept {
+void setSprite(Context &c, Sprite const&s) noexcept {
 	setSprite(c, s.idx, s.x, s.y, s.tileIdx, s.spriteShape, s.spriteSize, s.flipX);
 }
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/keel/keelmodule.cpp

@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ namespace nostalgia::core {
 class KeelModule: public keel::Module {
 	private:
 		NostalgiaPaletteToPaletteConverter m_nostalgiaPaletteToPaletteConverter;
-		TileSheetV1ToTileSheetConverter m_tileSheetV1ToTileSheetV2Converter;
+		TileSheetV1ToTileSheetV2Converter m_tileSheetV1ToTileSheetV2Converter;
+		TileSheetV2ToTileSheetV3Converter m_tileSheetV2ToTileSheetConverter;
 		TileSheetToCompactTileSheetConverter m_tileSheetToCompactTileSheetConverter;
-		TileSheetV2ToTileSheetConverter m_tileSheetV2ToTileSheetConverter;
 
 	public:
 		[[nodiscard]]
 		ox::String id() const noexcept override {
-			return "net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core";
+			return ox::String("net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core");
 		}
 
 		[[nodiscard]]
@@ -52,15 +52,15 @@ class KeelModule: public keel::Module {
 		ox::Vector<keel::PackTransform> packTransforms() const noexcept final {
 			return {
 				// convert tilesheets to CompactTileSheets
-				[](keel::Context *ctx, ox::Buffer *buff) -> ox::Error {
-					oxRequire(hdr, keel::readAssetHeader(*buff));
+				[](keel::Context &ctx, ox::Buffer &buff) -> ox::Error {
+					oxRequire(hdr, keel::readAssetHeader(buff));
 					const auto typeId = ox::buildTypeId(
 							hdr.clawHdr.typeName, hdr.clawHdr.typeVersion, hdr.clawHdr.typeParams);
 					if (typeId == ox::buildTypeId<TileSheetV1>() ||
 						 typeId == ox::buildTypeId<TileSheetV2>() ||
 						 typeId == ox::buildTypeId<TileSheet>()) {
 						oxReturnError(keel::convertBuffToBuff<core::CompactTileSheet>(
-									ctx, *buff, ox::ClawFormat::Metal).moveTo(buff));
+								ctx, buff, ox::ClawFormat::Metal).moveTo(&buff));
 					}
 					return {};
 				},

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/keel/typeconv.cpp

@@ -7,60 +7,59 @@
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
 ox::Error NostalgiaPaletteToPaletteConverter::convert(
-		keel::Context*,
-		NostalgiaPalette *src,
-		Palette *dst) const noexcept {
-	dst->colors = std::move(src->colors);
+		keel::Context&,
+		NostalgiaPalette &src,
+		Palette &dst) const noexcept {
+	dst.colors = std::move(src.colors);
 	return {};
 }
 
-ox::Error TileSheetV1ToTileSheetConverter::convert(
-		keel::Context*,
-		TileSheetV1 *src,
-		TileSheet *dst) const noexcept {
-	dst->bpp              = src->bpp;
-	dst->defaultPalette   = std::move(src->defaultPalette);
-	dst->subsheet.name    = "Root";
-	dst->subsheet.rows    = src->rows;
-	dst->subsheet.columns = src->columns;
-	dst->subsheet.pixels  = std::move(src->pixels);
+ox::Error TileSheetV1ToTileSheetV2Converter::convert(
+		keel::Context&,
+		TileSheetV1 &src,
+		TileSheetV2 &dst) const noexcept {
+	dst.bpp              = src.bpp;
+	dst.defaultPalette   = std::move(src.defaultPalette);
+	dst.subsheet.name    = "Root";
+	dst.subsheet.rows    = src.rows;
+	dst.subsheet.columns = src.columns;
+	dst.subsheet.pixels  = std::move(src.pixels);
+	return {};
+}
+
+void TileSheetV2ToTileSheetV3Converter::convertSubsheet(
+		TileSheetV2::SubSheet &src,
+		TileSheetV3::SubSheet &dst,
+		SubSheetId &idIt) noexcept {
+	dst.id      = idIt;
+	dst.name    = std::move(src.name);
+	dst.columns = src.columns;
+	dst.rows    = src.rows;
+	dst.pixels  = std::move(src.pixels);
+	++idIt;
+	dst.subsheets.resize(src.subsheets.size());
+	for (auto i = 0u; i < src.subsheets.size(); ++i) {
+		convertSubsheet(src.subsheets[i], dst.subsheets[i], idIt);
+	}
+}
+
+ox::Error TileSheetV2ToTileSheetV3Converter::convert(
+		keel::Context&,
+		TileSheetV2 &src,
+		TileSheetV3 &dst) const noexcept {
+	dst.bpp            = src.bpp;
+	dst.defaultPalette = std::move(src.defaultPalette);
+	convertSubsheet(src.subsheet, dst.subsheet, dst.idIt);
 	return {};
 }
 
 ox::Error TileSheetToCompactTileSheetConverter::convert(
-		keel::Context*,
-		TileSheet *src,
-		CompactTileSheet *dst) const noexcept {
-	dst->bpp            = src->bpp;
-	dst->defaultPalette = std::move(src->defaultPalette);
-	dst->pixels         = src->pixels();
-	return {};
-}
-
-
-void TileSheetV2ToTileSheetConverter::convertSubsheet(
-		TileSheetV2::SubSheet *src,
-		TileSheet::SubSheet *dst,
-		SubSheetId *idIt) noexcept {
-	dst->id      = *idIt;
-	dst->name    = std::move(src->name);
-	dst->columns = src->columns;
-	dst->rows    = src->rows;
-	dst->pixels  = std::move(src->pixels);
-	++*idIt;
-	dst->subsheets.resize(src->subsheets.size());
-	for (auto i = 0u; i < src->subsheets.size(); ++i) {
-		convertSubsheet(&src->subsheets[i], &dst->subsheets[i], idIt);
-	}
-}
-
-ox::Error TileSheetV2ToTileSheetConverter::convert(
-		keel::Context*,
-		TileSheetV2 *src,
-		TileSheet *dst) const noexcept {
-	dst->bpp            = src->bpp;
-	dst->defaultPalette = std::move(src->defaultPalette);
-	convertSubsheet(&src->subsheet, &dst->subsheet, &dst->idIt);
+		keel::Context&,
+		TileSheet &src,
+		CompactTileSheet &dst) const noexcept {
+	dst.bpp            = src.bpp;
+	dst.defaultPalette = std::move(src.defaultPalette);
+	dst.pixels         = src.pixels();
 	return {};
 }
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/keel/typeconv.hpp

@@ -17,25 +17,23 @@ namespace nostalgia::core {
 // Type converters
 
 class NostalgiaPaletteToPaletteConverter: public keel::Converter<NostalgiaPalette, Palette> {
-	ox::Error convert(keel::Context*, NostalgiaPalette *src, Palette *dst) const noexcept final;
+	ox::Error convert(keel::Context&, NostalgiaPalette &src, Palette &dst) const noexcept final;
 };
 
-class TileSheetV1ToTileSheetConverter: public keel::Converter<TileSheetV1, TileSheet> {
-	ox::Error convert(keel::Context*, TileSheetV1 *src, TileSheet *dst) const noexcept final;
+class TileSheetV1ToTileSheetV2Converter: public keel::Converter<TileSheetV1, TileSheetV2> {
+	ox::Error convert(keel::Context&, TileSheetV1 &src, TileSheetV2 &dst) const noexcept final;
+};
+
+class TileSheetV2ToTileSheetV3Converter: public keel::Converter<TileSheetV2, TileSheetV3> {
+	static void convertSubsheet(
+			TileSheetV2::SubSheet &src,
+			TileSheetV3::SubSheet &dst,
+			SubSheetId &idIt) noexcept;
+	ox::Error convert(keel::Context&, TileSheetV2 &src, TileSheetV3 &dst) const noexcept final;
 };
 
 class TileSheetToCompactTileSheetConverter: public keel::Converter<TileSheet, CompactTileSheet> {
-	ox::Error convert(keel::Context*, TileSheet *src, CompactTileSheet *dst) const noexcept final;
-};
-
-class TileSheetV2ToTileSheetConverter: public keel::Converter<TileSheetV2, TileSheet> {
-	static void convertSubsheet(
-			TileSheetV2::SubSheet *src,
-			TileSheet::SubSheet *dst,
-			SubSheetId *idIt) noexcept;
-
-	ox::Error convert(keel::Context*, TileSheetV2 *src, TileSheet *dst) const noexcept final;
-
+		ox::Error convert(keel::Context&, TileSheet &src, CompactTileSheet &dst) const noexcept final;
 };
 
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/context.cpp

@@ -7,19 +7,23 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-GlContext::GlContext(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept:
+void ContextDeleter::operator()(Context *p) noexcept {
+	ox::safeDelete(p);
+}
+
+Context::Context(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept:
 	turbineCtx(tctx),
 	drawer(*this) {
 }
 
-GlContext::~GlContext() noexcept {
+Context::~Context() noexcept {
 	shutdownGfx(*this);
 }
 
-ox::Result<ox::UniquePtr<Context>> init(turbine::Context *tctx, InitParams const&params) noexcept {
-	auto ctx = ox::make_unique<GlContext>(*tctx);
-	oxReturnError(initGfx(ctx.get(), params));
-	return ox::UPtr<Context>(ctx.release());
+ox::Result<ContextUPtr> init(turbine::Context &tctx, InitParams const&params) noexcept {
+	auto ctx = ox::make_unique<Context>(tctx);
+	oxReturnError(initGfx(*ctx, params));
+	return ContextUPtr(ctx.release());
 }
 
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/context.hpp

@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-struct GlContext: public core::Context {
+class Context {
+
+	public:
 		turbine::Context &turbineCtx;
 		glutils::GLProgram bgShader;
 		glutils::GLProgram spriteShader;
@@ -23,10 +25,9 @@ struct GlContext: public core::Context {
 		renderer::SpriteBlockset spriteBlocks;
 		ox::Array<Sprite, 128> spriteStates;
 		ox::Array<renderer::Background, 4> backgrounds;
-	ox::Optional<ox::Size> renderSize;
 		renderer::Drawer drawer;
-	explicit GlContext(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept;
-	~GlContext() noexcept override;
+		explicit Context(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept;
+		~Context() noexcept;
 };
 
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.cpp

@@ -15,32 +15,25 @@
 #include <nostalgia/core/tilesheet.hpp>
 
 #include "context.hpp"
+#include "gfx.hpp"
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-[[nodiscard]]
-inline GlContext &glctx(Context &ctx) noexcept {
-	if constexpr(ox::defines::Debug) {
-		return dynamic_cast<GlContext&>(ctx);
-	} else {
-		return static_cast<GlContext&>(ctx);
-	}
-}
-
-constexpr auto Scale = 5;
+constexpr auto Scale = 1;
 
 namespace renderer {
 
 Drawer::Drawer(Context &ctx) noexcept: m_ctx(ctx) {}
 
 void Drawer::draw(turbine::Context &tctx) noexcept {
-	core::gl::drawMainView(m_ctx, turbine::getScreenSize(tctx));
+	core::gl::draw(m_ctx, turbine::getScreenSize(tctx));
 }
 
-constexpr ox::StringView bgvshadTmpl = R"(
+constexpr ox::StringView bgvshadTmpl = R"glsl(
 	{}
 	in vec2 vTexCoord;
 	in vec2 vPosition;
+	in float vTileIdx;
 	out vec2 fTexCoord;
 	uniform float vXScale;
 	uniform float vTileHeight;
@@ -49,10 +42,12 @@ constexpr ox::StringView bgvshadTmpl = R"(
 		gl_Position = vec4(
 				vPosition.x * vXScale - xScaleInvert, vPosition.y,
 				0.0, 1.0);
-		fTexCoord = vTexCoord;
-	})";
+		fTexCoord = vec2(
+			vTexCoord.x,
+			vTexCoord.y * vTileHeight + vTileIdx * vTileHeight);
+	})glsl";
 
-constexpr ox::StringView bgfshadTmpl = R"(
+constexpr ox::StringView bgfshadTmpl = R"glsl(
 	{}
 	out vec4 outColor;
 	in vec2 fTexCoord;
@@ -68,21 +63,11 @@ constexpr ox::StringView bgfshadTmpl = R"(
 	void main() {
 		pixelSz = vec2(1, 1) / (fSrcImgSz);
 		vec2 pixelCoord = floor(fTexCoord / pixelSz) * pixelSz;
-		vec4 c0 = getColor(pixelCoord + pixelSz * vec2(0, 0));
-		vec4 c1 = getColor(pixelCoord + pixelSz * vec2(0.75, 0));
-		vec4 c2 = getColor(pixelCoord + pixelSz * vec2(0, 0.75));
-		vec4 c3 = getColor(pixelCoord + pixelSz * vec2(0.75, 0.75));
-		float u = fTexCoord.x - fTexCoord.x / pixelSz.x;
-		float v = fTexCoord.y - fTexCoord.y / pixelSz.y;
-		vec4 b0 = (1.0 - u) * c0 + u * c1;
-		vec4 b1 = (1.0 - u) * c2 + u * c3;
-		outColor = (1.0 - v) * b0 + u * b1;
 		outColor = fPalette[int(texture(image, fTexCoord).rgb.r * 256)];
-		//outColor = fPalette[int(texture(image, pixelCoord).rgb.r * 256)];
 		//outColor = vec4(0.0, 0.7, 1.0, 1.0);
-	})";
+	})glsl";
 
-constexpr ox::StringView spritevshadTmpl = R"(
+constexpr ox::StringView spritevshadTmpl = R"glsl(
 	{}
 	in float vEnabled;
 	in vec2 vTexCoord;
@@ -96,7 +81,7 @@ constexpr ox::StringView spritevshadTmpl = R"(
 				vPosition.x * vXScale - xScaleInvert, vPosition.y,
 				0.0, 1.0);
 		fTexCoord = vTexCoord * vec2(1, vTileHeight) * vec2(vEnabled, vEnabled);
-	})";
+	})glsl";
 
 constexpr ox::StringView spritefshadTmpl = bgfshadTmpl;
 
@@ -142,8 +127,7 @@ static void setTileBufferObject(
 		uint_t vi,
 		float x,
 		float y,
-		float textureYOffset,
-		float tileHeight,
+		float textureTileIdx,
 		float *vbo,
 		GLuint *ebo) noexcept {
 	// don't worry, this memcpy gets optimized to something much more ideal
@@ -153,14 +137,14 @@ static void setTileBufferObject(
 	y *= -ymod;
 	x -= 1.0f;
 	y += 1.0f - ymod;
-	const ox::Array<float, BgVertexVboLength> vertices {
-			       x,        y, 0, tileHeight + textureYOffset, // bottom left
-			x + xmod,        y, 1, tileHeight + textureYOffset, // bottom right
-			x + xmod, y + ymod, 1,          0 + textureYOffset, // top right
-			       x, y + ymod, 0,          0 + textureYOffset, // top left
+	ox::Array<float, BgVertexVboLength> const vertices {
+			       x,        y, 0, 1, textureTileIdx, // bottom left
+			x + xmod,        y, 1, 1, textureTileIdx, // bottom right
+			x + xmod, y + ymod, 1, 0, textureTileIdx, // top right
+			       x, y + ymod, 0, 0, textureTileIdx, // top left
 	};
 	memcpy(vbo, vertices.data(), sizeof(vertices));
-	const ox::Array<GLuint, BgVertexEboLength> elms {
+	ox::Array<GLuint, BgVertexEboLength> const elms {
 			vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
 			vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
 	};
@@ -186,7 +170,6 @@ static void initBackgroundBufferObjects(glutils::BufferSet &bg) noexcept {
 				static_cast<float>(x),
 				static_cast<float>(y),
 				0,
-				0,
 				vbo,
 				ebo);
 		}
@@ -236,11 +219,16 @@ static void initBackgroundBufferset(
 	auto const texCoordAttr = static_cast<GLuint>(glGetAttribLocation(shader, "vTexCoord"));
 	glEnableVertexAttribArray(texCoordAttr);
 	glVertexAttribPointer(
-			texCoordAttr, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, BgVertexVboRowLength * sizeof(bg.vertices[0]),
-			reinterpret_cast<void*>(2 * sizeof(bg.vertices[0])));
+			texCoordAttr, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, BgVertexVboRowLength * sizeof(float),
+			reinterpret_cast<void*>(2 * sizeof(float)));
+	auto const heightMultAttr = static_cast<GLuint>(glGetAttribLocation(shader, "vTileIdx"));
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(heightMultAttr);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(
+			heightMultAttr, 1, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, BgVertexVboRowLength * sizeof(float),
+			reinterpret_cast<void*>(4 * sizeof(float)));
 }
 
-static glutils::GLTexture loadTexture(
+static glutils::GLTexture createTexture(
 		GLsizei w,
 		GLsizei h,
 		const void *pixels) noexcept {
@@ -252,8 +240,8 @@ static glutils::GLTexture loadTexture(
 	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex.id);
 	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, tex.width, tex.height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pixels);
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
 	return tex;
@@ -270,20 +258,20 @@ static void drawBackground(CBB &cbb) noexcept {
 }
 
 static void drawBackgrounds(
-		GlContext &gctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		ox::Size const&renderSz) noexcept {
 	// load background shader and its uniforms
-	glUseProgram(gctx.bgShader);
-	const auto uniformSrcImgSz = glGetUniformLocation(gctx.bgShader, "fSrcImgSz");
-	const auto uniformXScale = static_cast<GLint>(glGetUniformLocation(gctx.bgShader, "vXScale"));
-	const auto uniformTileHeight = static_cast<GLint>(glGetUniformLocation(gctx.bgShader, "vTileHeight"));
+	glUseProgram(ctx.bgShader);
+	const auto uniformSrcImgSz = glGetUniformLocation(ctx.bgShader, "fSrcImgSz");
+	const auto uniformXScale = static_cast<GLint>(glGetUniformLocation(ctx.bgShader, "vXScale"));
+	const auto uniformTileHeight = static_cast<GLint>(glGetUniformLocation(ctx.bgShader, "vTileHeight"));
 	const auto [wi, hi] = renderSz;
 	const auto wf = static_cast<float>(wi);
 	const auto hf = static_cast<float>(hi);
 	glUniform1f(uniformXScale, hf / wf);
-	for (const auto &bg : gctx.backgrounds) {
+	for (const auto &bg : ctx.backgrounds) {
 		if (bg.enabled) {
-			auto &cbb = gctx.cbbs[bg.cbbIdx];
+			auto &cbb = ctx.cbbs[bg.cbbIdx];
 			const auto tileRows = cbb.tex.height / (TileHeight * Scale);
 			glUniform1f(uniformTileHeight, 1.0f / static_cast<float>(tileRows));
 			glUniform2f(
@@ -295,11 +283,11 @@ static void drawBackgrounds(
 	}
 }
 
-static void drawSprites(GlContext &gctx, ox::Size const&renderSz) noexcept {
-	glUseProgram(gctx.spriteShader);
-	auto &sb = gctx.spriteBlocks;
-	const auto uniformXScale = glGetUniformLocation(gctx.bgShader, "vXScale");
-	const auto uniformTileHeight = glGetUniformLocation(gctx.spriteShader, "vTileHeight");
+static void drawSprites(Context &ctx, ox::Size const&renderSz) noexcept {
+	glUseProgram(ctx.spriteShader);
+	auto &sb = ctx.spriteBlocks;
+	const auto uniformXScale = glGetUniformLocation(ctx.bgShader, "vXScale");
+	const auto uniformTileHeight = glGetUniformLocation(ctx.spriteShader, "vTileHeight");
 	const auto [wi, hi] = renderSz;
 	const auto wf = static_cast<float>(wi);
 	const auto hf = static_cast<float>(hi);
@@ -338,61 +326,59 @@ static void loadPalette(
 	glUniform4fv(uniformPalette, ColorCnt, palette.data());
 }
 
-static void loadBgPalette(GlContext &gctx, Palette const&pal) noexcept {
-	loadPalette(gctx.bgShader, pal);
+static void loadBgPalette(Context &ctx, Palette const&pal) noexcept {
+	loadPalette(ctx.bgShader, pal);
 }
 
-static void loadSpritePalette(GlContext &gctx, Palette const&pal) noexcept {
-	loadPalette(gctx.spriteShader, pal, true);
+static void loadSpritePalette(Context &ctx, Palette const&pal) noexcept {
+	loadPalette(ctx.spriteShader, pal, true);
 }
 
 static void loadBgTexture(
-		GlContext &gctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		uint_t cbbIdx,
 		const void *pixels,
 		int w,
 		int h) noexcept {
 	oxTracef("nostalgia.core.gfx.gl", "loadBgTexture: { cbbIdx: {}, w: {}, h: {} }", cbbIdx, w, h);
-	gctx.cbbs[cbbIdx].tex = loadTexture(w, h, pixels);
+	ctx.cbbs[cbbIdx].tex = createTexture(w, h, pixels);
 }
 
 static void loadSpriteTexture(
-		GlContext &gctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		const void *pixels,
 		int w,
 		int h) noexcept {
 	oxTracef("nostalgia.core.gfx.gl", "loadSpriteTexture: { w: {}, h: {} }", w, h);
-	gctx.spriteBlocks.tex = loadTexture(w, h, pixels);
+	ctx.spriteBlocks.tex = createTexture(w, h, pixels);
 }
 
 }
 
 ox::Error initGfx(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		InitParams const&initParams) noexcept {
 	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
 	glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-	const auto bgVshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::bgvshadTmpl, glutils::GlslVersion);
-	const auto bgFshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::bgfshadTmpl, glutils::GlslVersion);
-	const auto spriteVshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::spritevshadTmpl, glutils::GlslVersion);
-	const auto spriteFshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::spritefshadTmpl, glutils::GlslVersion);
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	oxReturnError(glutils::buildShaderProgram(bgVshad.c_str(), bgFshad.c_str()).moveTo(&gctx.bgShader));
+	const auto bgVshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::bgvshadTmpl, gl::GlslVersion);
+	const auto bgFshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::bgfshadTmpl, gl::GlslVersion);
+	const auto spriteVshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::spritevshadTmpl, gl::GlslVersion);
+	const auto spriteFshad = ox::sfmt(renderer::spritefshadTmpl, gl::GlslVersion);
+	oxReturnError(glutils::buildShaderProgram(bgVshad, bgFshad).moveTo(&ctx.bgShader));
 	oxReturnError(
-			glutils::buildShaderProgram(spriteVshad.c_str(), spriteFshad.c_str()).moveTo(&gctx.spriteShader));
-	for (auto &bg : gctx.cbbs) {
-		initBackgroundBufferset(gctx.bgShader, bg);
+			glutils::buildShaderProgram(spriteVshad, spriteFshad).moveTo(&ctx.spriteShader));
+	for (auto &bg : ctx.cbbs) {
+		initBackgroundBufferset(ctx.bgShader, bg);
 	}
-	initSpritesBufferset(gctx.spriteShader, gctx.spriteBlocks);
+	initSpritesBufferset(ctx.spriteShader, ctx.spriteBlocks);
 	if (initParams.glInstallDrawer) {
-		turbine::gl::addDrawer(gctx.turbineCtx, &gctx.drawer);
+		turbine::gl::addDrawer(ctx.turbineCtx, &ctx.drawer);
 	}
 	return {};
 }
 
 void shutdownGfx(Context &ctx) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(ctx);
-	turbine::gl::removeDrawer(gctx.turbineCtx, &gctx.drawer);
+	turbine::gl::removeDrawer(ctx.turbineCtx, &ctx.drawer);
 }
 
 struct TileSheetData {
@@ -406,8 +392,8 @@ struct TileSheetData {
 };
 
 static ox::Result<TileSheetData> loadTileSheet(
-		Context &ctx, CompactTileSheet const&tilesheet) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(ctx);
+		Context &ctx,
+		CompactTileSheet const&tilesheet) noexcept {
 	const uint_t bytesPerTile = tilesheet.bpp == 8 ? PixelsPerTile : PixelsPerTile / 2;
 	const auto tiles = tilesheet.pixels.size() / bytesPerTile;
 	constexpr int width = 8;
@@ -425,54 +411,52 @@ static ox::Result<TileSheetData> loadTileSheet(
 			pixels[i * 2 + 1] = tilesheet.pixels[i] >> 4;
 		}
 	}
-	renderer::loadSpriteTexture(gctx, pixels.data(), width, height);
+	renderer::loadSpriteTexture(ctx, pixels.data(), width, height);
 	return TileSheetData{std::move(pixels), width, height};
 }
 
 ox::Error loadBgTileSheet(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		uint_t cbb,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	auto &kctx = gctx.turbineCtx.keelCtx;
-	oxRequire(tilesheet, readObj<CompactTileSheet>(&kctx, tilesheetAddr));
-	oxRequire(palette, readObj<Palette>(&kctx, paletteAddr ? paletteAddr : tilesheet->defaultPalette));
-	oxRequire(tsd, loadTileSheet(*ctx, *tilesheet).to([](TileSheetData const&t) -> TileSheetData {
+	auto &kctx = keelCtx(ctx.turbineCtx);
+	oxRequire(tilesheet, readObj<CompactTileSheet>(kctx, tilesheetAddr));
+	oxRequire(palette, readObj<Palette>(kctx, paletteAddr ? paletteAddr : tilesheet->defaultPalette));
+	oxRequire(tsd, loadTileSheet(ctx, *tilesheet).to([](TileSheetData const&t) -> TileSheetData {
 		return {
 			.pixels = resizeTileSheetData(t.pixels, t.size(), Scale),
 			.width = t.width * Scale,
 			.height = t.height * Scale,
 		};
 	}));
-	renderer::loadBgTexture(gctx, cbb, tsd.pixels.data(), tsd.width, tsd.height);
-	renderer::loadBgPalette(gctx, *palette);
+	renderer::loadBgTexture(ctx, cbb, tsd.pixels.data(), tsd.width, tsd.height);
+	renderer::loadBgPalette(ctx, *palette);
 	return {};
 }
 
 ox::Error loadSpriteTileSheet(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		ox::FileAddress const&tilesheetAddr,
 		ox::FileAddress const&paletteAddr) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	auto &kctx = gctx.turbineCtx.keelCtx;
-	oxRequire(tilesheet, readObj<CompactTileSheet>(&kctx, tilesheetAddr));
-	oxRequire(palette, readObj<Palette>(&kctx, paletteAddr ? paletteAddr : tilesheet->defaultPalette));
-	oxRequire(tsd, loadTileSheet(*ctx, *tilesheet));
-	renderer::loadSpriteTexture(gctx, tsd.pixels.data(), tsd.width, tsd.height);
-	renderer::loadSpritePalette(gctx, *palette);
+	auto &kctx = keelCtx(ctx.turbineCtx);
+	oxRequire(tilesheet, readObj<CompactTileSheet>(kctx, tilesheetAddr));
+	oxRequire(palette, readObj<Palette>(kctx, paletteAddr ? paletteAddr : tilesheet->defaultPalette));
+	oxRequire(tsd, loadTileSheet(ctx, *tilesheet));
+	renderer::loadSpriteTexture(ctx, tsd.pixels.data(), tsd.width, tsd.height);
+	renderer::loadSpritePalette(ctx, *palette);
 	return {};
 }
 
-ox::Error initConsole(Context *ctx) noexcept {
-	constexpr ox::FileAddress TilesheetAddr("/TileSheets/Charset.ng");
-	constexpr ox::FileAddress PaletteAddr("/Palettes/Charset.npal");
+ox::Error initConsole(Context &ctx) noexcept {
+	constexpr ox::FileAddress TilesheetAddr = ox::StringLiteral("/TileSheets/Charset.ng");
+	constexpr ox::FileAddress PaletteAddr = ox::StringLiteral("/Palettes/Charset.npal");
 	setBgStatus(ctx, 0b0001);
 	setBgCbb(ctx, 0, 0);
 	return loadBgTileSheet(ctx, 0, TilesheetAddr, PaletteAddr);
 }
 
-void puts(Context *ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {
+void puts(Context &ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {
 	const auto col = static_cast<uint_t>(column);
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < str.bytes(); ++i) {
 		setTile(
@@ -484,57 +468,50 @@ void puts(Context *ctx, int column, int row, ox::CRStringView str) noexcept {
 	}
 }
 
-void setBgCbb(Context *ctx, uint_t bgIdx, uint_t cbbIdx) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	auto &bg = gctx.backgrounds[bgIdx];
+void setBgCbb(Context &ctx, uint_t bgIdx, uint_t cbbIdx) noexcept {
+	auto &bg = ctx.backgrounds[bgIdx];
 	bg.cbbIdx = cbbIdx;
 }
 
-uint8_t bgStatus(Context *ctx) noexcept {
-	const auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
+uint8_t bgStatus(Context &ctx) noexcept {
 	uint8_t out = 0;
-	for (uint_t i = 0; i < gctx.cbbs.size(); ++i) {
-		out |= static_cast<uint8_t>(static_cast<uint_t>(gctx.backgrounds[i].enabled) << i);
+	for (uint_t i = 0; i < ctx.cbbs.size(); ++i) {
+		out |= static_cast<uint8_t>(static_cast<uint_t>(ctx.backgrounds[i].enabled) << i);
 	}
 	return out;
 }
 
-void setBgStatus(Context *ctx, uint32_t status) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	for (uint_t i = 0; i < gctx.cbbs.size(); ++i) {
-		gctx.backgrounds[i].enabled = (status >> i) & 1;
+void setBgStatus(Context &ctx, uint32_t status) noexcept {
+	for (uint_t i = 0; i < ctx.cbbs.size(); ++i) {
+		ctx.backgrounds[i].enabled = (status >> i) & 1;
 	}
 }
 
-bool bgStatus(Context *ctx, uint_t bg) noexcept {
-	const auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	return gctx.backgrounds[bg].enabled;
+bool bgStatus(Context &ctx, uint_t bg) noexcept {
+	return ctx.backgrounds[bg].enabled;
 }
 
-void setBgStatus(Context *ctx, uint_t bg, bool status) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	gctx.backgrounds[bg].enabled = status;
+void setBgStatus(Context &ctx, uint_t bg, bool status) noexcept {
+	ctx.backgrounds[bg].enabled = status;
 }
 
 
-void clearTileLayer(Context *ctx, uint_t bgIdx) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	auto &bg = gctx.cbbs[static_cast<std::size_t>(bgIdx)];
+void clearTileLayer(Context &ctx, uint_t bgIdx) noexcept {
+	auto &bg = ctx.cbbs[static_cast<std::size_t>(bgIdx)];
 	initBackgroundBufferObjects(bg);
 	bg.updated = true;
 }
 
-void hideSprite(Context *ctx, uint_t idx) noexcept {
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
-	auto vbo = &gctx.spriteBlocks.vertices[idx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboLength];
-	auto ebo = &gctx.spriteBlocks.elements[idx * renderer::SpriteVertexEboLength];
-	renderer::setSpriteBufferObject(idx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboRows, 0,
-	                                0, 0, 0, false, vbo, ebo);
-	gctx.spriteBlocks.updated = true;
+void hideSprite(Context &ctx, uint_t idx) noexcept {
+	auto vbo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices[idx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboLength];
+	auto ebo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.elements[idx * renderer::SpriteVertexEboLength];
+	renderer::setSpriteBufferObject(
+			idx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboRows, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, vbo, ebo);
+	ctx.spriteBlocks.updated = true;
 }
 
 void setSprite(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		uint_t idx,
 		int x,
 		int y,
@@ -565,14 +542,13 @@ void setSprite(
 	const auto dim = dimensions[(spriteShape << 2) | spriteSize];
 	const auto uX = static_cast<int>(x) % 255;
 	const auto uY = static_cast<int>(y + 8) % 255 - 8;
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
 	auto i = 0u;
 	const auto set = [&](int xIt, int yIt) {
 		const auto fX = static_cast<float>(uX + xIt * 8) / 8;
 		const auto fY = static_cast<float>(uY + yIt * 8) / 8;
 		const auto cidx = idx + i;
-		auto vbo = &gctx.spriteBlocks.vertices[cidx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboLength];
-		auto ebo = &gctx.spriteBlocks.elements[cidx * renderer::SpriteVertexEboLength];
+		auto vbo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices[cidx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboLength];
+		auto ebo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.elements[cidx * renderer::SpriteVertexEboLength];
 		renderer::setSpriteBufferObject(
 			cidx * renderer::SpriteVertexVboRows,
 			1,
@@ -597,11 +573,11 @@ void setSprite(
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	gctx.spriteBlocks.updated = true;
+	ctx.spriteBlocks.updated = true;
 }
 
 void setTile(
-		Context *ctx,
+		Context &ctx,
 		uint_t bgIdx,
 		int column,
 		int row,
@@ -610,22 +586,18 @@ void setTile(
 			"nostalgia.core.gfx.setTile",
 			"bgIdx: {}, column: {}, row: {}, tile: {}",
 			bgIdx, column, row, tile);
-	auto &gctx = glctx(*ctx);
 	const auto z = static_cast<uint_t>(bgIdx);
 	const auto y = static_cast<uint_t>(row);
 	const auto x = static_cast<uint_t>(column);
 	const auto i = renderer::bgVertexRow(x, y);
-	auto &bg = gctx.cbbs[z];
+	auto &bg = ctx.cbbs[z];
 	const auto vbo = &bg.vertices[i * renderer::BgVertexVboLength];
 	const auto ebo = &bg.elements[i * renderer::BgVertexEboLength];
-	const auto tileHeight = static_cast<float>(TileHeight * Scale) / static_cast<float>(bg.tex.height);
-	const auto tileOffset = tileHeight * static_cast<float>(tile);
 	renderer::setTileBufferObject(
 			static_cast<uint_t>(i * renderer::BgVertexVboRows),
 			static_cast<float>(x),
 			static_cast<float>(y),
-			tileOffset,
-			tileHeight,
+			static_cast<float>(tile),
 			vbo,
 			ebo);
 	bg.updated = true;
@@ -633,16 +605,23 @@ void setTile(
 
 namespace gl {
 
-void drawMainView(core::Context &ctx, ox::Size const&renderSz) noexcept {
+ox::Size drawSize(int scale) noexcept {
+	return {240 * scale, 160 * scale};
+}
+
+void draw(core::Context &ctx, ox::Size const&renderSz) noexcept {
 	glViewport(0, 0, renderSz.width, renderSz.height);
 	glutils::clearScreen();
-	auto &gctx = glctx(ctx);
-	renderer::drawBackgrounds(gctx, renderSz);
-	if (gctx.spriteBlocks.tex) {
-		renderer::drawSprites(gctx, renderSz);
+	renderer::drawBackgrounds(ctx, renderSz);
+	if (ctx.spriteBlocks.tex) {
+		renderer::drawSprites(ctx, renderSz);
 	}
 }
 
+void draw(core::Context &ctx, int scale) noexcept {
+	draw(ctx, drawSize(scale));
+}
+
 }
 
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.hpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ constexpr uint64_t TileColumns = 128;
 constexpr uint64_t TileCount = TileRows * TileColumns;
 constexpr uint64_t SpriteCount = 128;
 constexpr uint64_t BgVertexVboRows = 4;
-constexpr uint64_t BgVertexVboRowLength = 4;
+constexpr uint64_t BgVertexVboRowLength = 5;
 constexpr uint64_t BgVertexVboLength = BgVertexVboRows * BgVertexVboRowLength;
 constexpr uint64_t BgVertexEboLength = 6;
 constexpr uint64_t SpriteVertexVboRows = 256;
@@ -63,6 +63,6 @@ class Drawer: public turbine::gl::Drawer {
 }
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
-ox::Error initGfx(Context *ctx, InitParams const&) noexcept;
+ox::Error initGfx(Context &ctx, InitParams const&) noexcept;
 void shutdownGfx(Context &ctx) noexcept;
 }

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,17 +1,9 @@
-add_library(
-	NostalgiaCore-Studio
-		paletteeditor.cpp
-		tilesheeteditorview.cpp
-		tilesheeteditormodel.cpp
-		tilesheetpixelgrid.cpp
-		tilesheetpixels.cpp
-)
+add_library(NostalgiaCore-Studio)
 
 add_library(
 	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui
 		studiomodule.cpp
-		paletteeditor-imgui.cpp
-		tilesheeteditor-imgui.cpp
+		tilesheeteditor/tilesheeteditor-imgui.cpp
 )
 
 target_link_libraries(
@@ -24,7 +16,6 @@ target_link_libraries(
 	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui PUBLIC
 		NostalgiaCore-Studio
 		Studio
-		lodepng
 )
 
 install(
@@ -34,3 +25,6 @@ install(
 	LIBRARY DESTINATION
 		${NOSTALGIA_DIST_MODULE}
 )
+
+add_subdirectory(paletteeditor)
+add_subdirectory(tilesheeteditor)

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/paletteeditor/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+target_sources(
+	NostalgiaCore-Studio PRIVATE
+		paletteeditor.cpp
+		paletteeditor-imgui.cpp
+)

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/paletteeditor/paletteeditor-imgui.cpp

@@ -15,22 +15,22 @@
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
-PaletteEditorImGui::PaletteEditorImGui(turbine::Context *ctx, ox::String path):
+PaletteEditorImGui::PaletteEditorImGui(turbine::Context &ctx, ox::CRStringView path):
 	m_ctx(ctx),
-	m_itemPath(std::move(path)),
+	m_itemPath(path),
 	m_itemName(m_itemPath.substr(std::find(m_itemPath.rbegin(), m_itemPath.rend(), '/').offset() + 1)),
-	m_pal(*keel::readObj<Palette>(&m_ctx->keelCtx, ox::FileAddress(m_itemPath.c_str())).unwrapThrow()) {
+	m_pal(*keel::readObj<Palette>(keelCtx(m_ctx), ox::FileAddress(m_itemPath.c_str())).unwrapThrow()) {
 }
 
-const ox::String &PaletteEditorImGui::itemName() const noexcept {
+ox::CStringView PaletteEditorImGui::itemName() const noexcept {
 	return m_itemPath;
 }
 
-const ox::String &PaletteEditorImGui::itemDisplayName() const noexcept {
+ox::CStringView PaletteEditorImGui::itemDisplayName() const noexcept {
 	return m_itemName;
 }
 
-void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept {
+void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context&) noexcept {
 	static constexpr auto flags = ImGuiTableFlags_RowBg;
 	const auto paneSize = ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail();
 	ImGui::BeginChild("Colors", ImVec2(paneSize.x - 208, paneSize.y), true);
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept {
 			if (ImGui::Button("Add", sz)) {
 				const auto colorSz = static_cast<int>(m_pal.colors.size());
 				constexpr Color16 c = 0;
-				undoStack()->push(ox::make<AddColorCommand>(&m_pal, c, colorSz));
+				undoStack()->push(ox::make_unique<AddColorCommand>(&m_pal, c, colorSz));
 			}
 			ImGui::SameLine();
 			ImGui::BeginDisabled(m_selectedRow >= m_pal.colors.size());
 			{
 				if (ImGui::Button("Remove", sz)) {
 					undoStack()->push(
-							ox::make<RemoveColorCommand>(
+							ox::make_unique<RemoveColorCommand>(
 								&m_pal,
 								m_pal.colors[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_selectedRow)],
 								static_cast<int>(m_selectedRow)));
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept {
 				ImGui::BeginDisabled(m_selectedRow <= 0);
 				{
 					if (ImGui::Button("Move Up", sz)) {
-						undoStack()->push(ox::make<MoveColorCommand>(&m_pal, m_selectedRow, -1));
+						undoStack()->push(ox::make_unique<MoveColorCommand>(&m_pal, m_selectedRow, -1));
 						--m_selectedRow;
 					}
 				}
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept {
 				ImGui::BeginDisabled(m_selectedRow >= m_pal.colors.size() - 1);
 				{
 					if (ImGui::Button("Move Down", sz)) {
-						undoStack()->push(ox::make<MoveColorCommand>(&m_pal, m_selectedRow, 1));
+						undoStack()->push(ox::make_unique<MoveColorCommand>(&m_pal, m_selectedRow, 1));
 						++m_selectedRow;
 					}
 				}
@@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept {
 			int r = red16(c);
 			int g = green16(c);
 			int b = blue16(c);
-			int a = alpha16(c);
+			int const a = alpha16(c);
 			ImGui::InputInt("Red", &r, 1, 5);
 			ImGui::InputInt("Green", &g, 1, 5);
 			ImGui::InputInt("Blue", &b, 1, 5);
 			const auto newColor = color16(r, g, b, a);
 			if (c != newColor) {
-				undoStack()->push(ox::make<UpdateColorCommand>(&m_pal, static_cast<int>(m_selectedRow), c, newColor));
+				undoStack()->push(ox::make_unique<UpdateColorCommand>(&m_pal, static_cast<int>(m_selectedRow), c, newColor));
 			}
 		}
 		ImGui::EndChild();
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ void PaletteEditorImGui::draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept {
 }
 
 ox::Error PaletteEditorImGui::saveItem() noexcept {
-	const auto sctx = applicationData<studio::StudioContext>(*m_ctx);
+	const auto sctx = applicationData<studio::StudioContext>(m_ctx);
 	return sctx->project->writeObj(m_itemPath, m_pal);
 }
 

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/paletteeditor/paletteeditor-imgui.hpp

@@ -14,25 +14,23 @@ namespace nostalgia::core {
 class PaletteEditorImGui: public studio::Editor {
 
 	private:
-		turbine::Context *m_ctx = nullptr;
+		turbine::Context &m_ctx;
 		ox::String m_itemPath;
 		ox::String m_itemName;
 		Palette m_pal;
 		std::size_t m_selectedRow = 0;
 
-		PaletteEditorImGui() noexcept = default;
-
 	public:
-		PaletteEditorImGui(turbine::Context *ctx, ox::String path);
+		PaletteEditorImGui(turbine::Context &ctx, ox::CRStringView path);
 
 		/**
 		 * Returns the name of item being edited.
 		 */
-		const ox::String &itemName() const noexcept final;
+		ox::CStringView itemName() const noexcept final;
 
-		const ox::String &itemDisplayName() const noexcept final;
+		ox::CStringView itemDisplayName() const noexcept final;
 
-		void draw(turbine::Context*) noexcept final;
+		void draw(turbine::Context&) noexcept final;
 
 	protected:
 		ox::Error saveItem() noexcept final;

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/studiomodule.cpp

@@ -6,20 +6,20 @@
 
 #include <studio/studio.hpp>
 
-#include "paletteeditor-imgui.hpp"
-#include "tilesheeteditor-imgui.hpp"
+#include "paletteeditor/paletteeditor-imgui.hpp"
+#include "tilesheeteditor/tilesheeteditor-imgui.hpp"
 
 namespace nostalgia::core {
 
 class StudioModule: public studio::Module {
-	ox::Vector<studio::EditorMaker> editors(turbine::Context *ctx) const noexcept final {
+	ox::Vector<studio::EditorMaker> editors(turbine::Context &ctx) const noexcept final {
 		return {
 			studio::editorMaker<TileSheetEditorImGui>(ctx, FileExt_ng),
 			studio::editorMaker<PaletteEditorImGui>(ctx, FileExt_npal),
 		};
 	}
 
-	ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<studio::ItemMaker>> itemMakers(turbine::Context*) const noexcept final {
+	ox::Vector<ox::UPtr<studio::ItemMaker>> itemMakers(turbine::Context&) const noexcept final {
 		ox::Vector<ox::UniquePtr<studio::ItemMaker>> out;
 		out.emplace_back(ox::make<studio::ItemMakerT<core::TileSheet>>("Tile Sheet", "TileSheets", FileExt_ng));
 		out.emplace_back(ox::make<studio::ItemMakerT<core::Palette>>("Palette", "Palettes", FileExt_npal));

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+target_sources(
+	NostalgiaCore-Studio PRIVATE
+		tilesheeteditorview.cpp
+		tilesheeteditormodel.cpp
+		tilesheetpixelgrid.cpp
+		tilesheetpixels.cpp
+)
+
+target_link_libraries(
+	NostalgiaCore-Studio-ImGui PUBLIC
+		lodepng
+)
+
+add_subdirectory(commands)

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+target_sources(
+	NostalgiaCore-Studio PRIVATE
+		addsubsheetcommand.cpp
+		cutpastecommand.cpp
+		deletetilescommand.cpp
+		drawcommand.cpp
+		inserttilescommand.cpp
+		palettechangecommand.cpp
+		rmsubsheetcommand.cpp
+		updatesubsheetcommand.cpp
+)

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/addsubsheetcommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "addsubsheetcommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+AddSubSheetCommand::AddSubSheetCommand(
+		TileSheet &img,
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx parentIdx) noexcept:
+		m_img(img), m_parentIdx(std::move(parentIdx)) {
+	auto &parent = m_img.getSubSheet(m_parentIdx);
+	if (!parent.subsheets.empty()) {
+		auto idx = m_parentIdx;
+		idx.emplace_back(parent.subsheets.size());
+		m_addedSheets.push_back(idx);
+	} else {
+		auto idx = m_parentIdx;
+		idx.emplace_back(0u);
+		m_addedSheets.push_back(idx);
+		*idx.back().value = 1;
+		m_addedSheets.push_back(idx);
+	}
+}
+
+void AddSubSheetCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	auto &parent = m_img.getSubSheet(m_parentIdx);
+	if (m_addedSheets.size() < 2) {
+		auto i = parent.subsheets.size();
+		parent.subsheets.emplace_back(m_img.idIt++, ox::sfmt("Subsheet {}", i), 1, 1, m_img.bpp);
+	} else {
+		parent.subsheets.emplace_back(m_img.idIt++, "Subsheet 0", parent.columns, parent.rows, std::move(parent.pixels));
+		parent.rows = 0;
+		parent.columns = 0;
+		parent.subsheets.emplace_back(m_img.idIt++, "Subsheet 1", 1, 1, m_img.bpp);
+	}
+}
+
+void AddSubSheetCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	auto &parent = m_img.getSubSheet(m_parentIdx);
+	if (parent.subsheets.size() == 2) {
+		auto s = parent.subsheets[0];
+		parent.rows = s.rows;
+		parent.columns = s.columns;
+		parent.pixels = std::move(s.pixels);
+		parent.subsheets.clear();
+	} else {
+		for (auto idx = m_addedSheets.rbegin(); idx != m_addedSheets.rend(); ++idx) {
+			oxLogError(m_img.rmSubSheet(*idx));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int AddSubSheetCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(CommandId::AddSubSheet);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&AddSubSheetCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_parentIdx;
+}
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/addsubsheetcommand.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "commands.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+class AddSubSheetCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
+	private:
+		TileSheet &m_img;
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_parentIdx;
+		ox::Vector<TileSheet::SubSheetIdx, 2> m_addedSheets;
+
+	public:
+		AddSubSheetCommand(TileSheet &img, TileSheet::SubSheetIdx parentIdx) noexcept;
+
+		void redo() noexcept final;
+
+		void undo() noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int commandId() const noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept override;
+
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/commands.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <studio/undostack.hpp>
+#include <nostalgia/core/tilesheet.hpp>
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+// Command IDs to use with QUndoCommand::id()
+enum class CommandId {
+	Draw = 1,
+	AddSubSheet = 2,
+	RmSubSheet = 3,
+	DeleteTile = 4,
+	InsertTile = 4,
+	UpdateSubSheet = 5,
+	Cut = 6,
+	Paste = 7,
+	PaletteChange = 8,
+};
+
+constexpr bool operator==(CommandId c, int i) noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(c) == i;
+}
+
+constexpr bool operator==(int i, CommandId c) noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(c) == i;
+}
+
+class TileSheetCommand: public studio::UndoCommand {
+	public:
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		virtual TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept = 0;
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/cutpastecommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "cutpastecommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+TileSheetClipboard::Pixel::Pixel(uint16_t pColorIdx, ox::Point pPt) noexcept {
+	colorIdx = pColorIdx;
+	pt = pPt;
+}
+
+
+void TileSheetClipboard::addPixel(const ox::Point &pt, uint16_t colorIdx) noexcept {
+	m_pixels.emplace_back(colorIdx, pt);
+}
+
+const ox::Vector<TileSheetClipboard::Pixel> &TileSheetClipboard::pixels() const noexcept {
+	return m_pixels;
+}
+
+
+CutPasteCommand::CutPasteCommand(
+		CommandId commandId,
+		TileSheet &img,
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx subSheetIdx,
+		const ox::Point &dstStart,
+		const ox::Point &dstEnd,
+		const TileSheetClipboard &cb) noexcept:
+		m_commandId(commandId),
+		m_img(img),
+		m_subSheetIdx(std::move(subSheetIdx)) {
+	const auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	for (const auto &p : cb.pixels()) {
+		const auto dstPt = p.pt + dstStart;
+		if (dstPt.x <= dstEnd.x && dstPt.y <= dstEnd.y) {
+			const auto idx = subsheet.idx(dstPt);
+			m_changes.emplace_back(static_cast<uint32_t>(idx), p.colorIdx, subsheet.getPixel(m_img.bpp, idx));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void CutPasteCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	for (const auto &c : m_changes) {
+		subsheet.setPixel(m_img.bpp, c.idx, static_cast<uint8_t>(c.newPalIdx));
+	}
+}
+
+void CutPasteCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	for (const auto &c : m_changes) {
+		subsheet.setPixel(m_img.bpp, c.idx, static_cast<uint8_t>(c.oldPalIdx));
+	}
+}
+
+int CutPasteCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(m_commandId);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&CutPasteCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_subSheetIdx;
+}
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/cutpastecommand.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <turbine/clipboard.hpp>
+
+#include "commands.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+class TileSheetClipboard: public turbine::ClipboardObject<TileSheetClipboard> {
+	public:
+		static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core.studio.TileSheetClipboard";
+		static constexpr auto TypeVersion = 1;
+
+		oxModelFriend(TileSheetClipboard);
+
+		struct Pixel {
+			static constexpr auto TypeName = "net.drinkingtea.nostalgia.core.studio.TileSheetClipboard.Pixel";
+			static constexpr auto TypeVersion = 1;
+			uint16_t colorIdx = 0;
+			ox::Point pt;
+			Pixel(uint16_t pColorIdx, ox::Point pPt) noexcept;
+		};
+	protected:
+		ox::Vector<Pixel> m_pixels;
+
+	public:
+		void addPixel(ox::Point const&pt, uint16_t colorIdx) noexcept;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		ox::Vector<Pixel> const&pixels() const noexcept;
+};
+
+oxModelBegin(TileSheetClipboard::Pixel)
+	oxModelField(colorIdx)
+	oxModelField(pt)
+oxModelEnd()
+
+oxModelBegin(TileSheetClipboard)
+	oxModelFieldRename(pixels, m_pixels)
+oxModelEnd()
+
+class CutPasteCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
+	private:
+		struct Change {
+			uint32_t idx = 0;
+			uint16_t newPalIdx = 0;
+			uint16_t oldPalIdx = 0;
+			constexpr Change(uint32_t pIdx, uint16_t pNewPalIdx, uint16_t pOldPalIdx) noexcept {
+				idx = pIdx;
+				newPalIdx = pNewPalIdx;
+				oldPalIdx = pOldPalIdx;
+			}
+		};
+		CommandId m_commandId;
+		TileSheet &m_img;
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_subSheetIdx;
+		ox::Vector<Change> m_changes;
+
+	public:
+		CutPasteCommand(
+				CommandId commandId,
+				TileSheet &img,
+				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx subSheetIdx,
+				ox::Point const&dstStart,
+				ox::Point const&dstEnd,
+				TileSheetClipboard const&cb) noexcept;
+
+		void redo() noexcept final;
+
+		void undo() noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int commandId() const noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept override;
+
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/deletetilescommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "deletetilescommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+core::DeleteTilesCommand::DeleteTilesCommand(
+		TileSheet &img,
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
+		std::size_t tileIdx,
+		std::size_t tileCnt) noexcept:
+		m_img(img),
+		m_idx(std::move(idx)) {
+	const unsigned bytesPerTile = m_img.bpp == 4 ? PixelsPerTile / 2 : PixelsPerTile;
+	m_deletePos = tileIdx * bytesPerTile;
+	m_deleteSz = tileCnt * bytesPerTile;
+	m_deletedPixels.resize(m_deleteSz);
+	// copy pixels to be erased
+	{
+		auto &s = m_img.getSubSheet(m_idx);
+		auto &p = s.pixels;
+		auto dst = m_deletedPixels.data();
+		auto src = p.data() + m_deletePos;
+		const auto sz = m_deleteSz * sizeof(decltype(p[0]));
+		ox_memcpy(dst, src, sz);
+	}
+}
+
+void core::DeleteTilesCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	auto &s = m_img.getSubSheet(m_idx);
+	auto &p = s.pixels;
+	auto srcPos = m_deletePos + m_deleteSz;
+	const auto src = p.data() + srcPos;
+	const auto dst1 = p.data() + m_deletePos;
+	const auto dst2 = p.data() + (p.size() - m_deleteSz);
+	ox_memmove(dst1, src, p.size() - srcPos);
+	ox_memset(dst2, 0, m_deleteSz * sizeof(decltype(p[0])));
+}
+
+void DeleteTilesCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	auto &s = m_img.getSubSheet(m_idx);
+	auto &p = s.pixels;
+	const auto src = p.data() + m_deletePos;
+	const auto dst1 = p.data() + m_deletePos + m_deleteSz;
+	const auto dst2 = src;
+	const auto sz = p.size() - m_deletePos - m_deleteSz;
+	ox_memmove(dst1, src, sz);
+	ox_memcpy(dst2, m_deletedPixels.data(), m_deletedPixels.size());
+}
+
+int DeleteTilesCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(CommandId::DeleteTile);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&DeleteTilesCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_idx;
+}
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/deletetilescommand.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "commands.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+class DeleteTilesCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
+	private:
+		TileSheet &m_img;
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_idx;
+		std::size_t m_deletePos = 0;
+		std::size_t m_deleteSz = 0;
+		ox::Vector<uint8_t> m_deletedPixels = {};
+
+	public:
+		DeleteTilesCommand(
+				TileSheet &img,
+				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
+				std::size_t tileIdx,
+				std::size_t tileCnt) noexcept;
+
+		void redo() noexcept final;
+
+		void undo() noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int commandId() const noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept override;
+
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/drawcommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "drawcommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+DrawCommand::DrawCommand(
+		TileSheet &img,
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx subSheetIdx,
+		std::size_t idx,
+		int palIdx) noexcept:
+		m_img(img),
+		m_subSheetIdx(std::move(subSheetIdx)),
+		m_palIdx(palIdx) {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	m_changes.emplace_back(static_cast<uint32_t>(idx), subsheet.getPixel(m_img.bpp, idx));
+}
+
+DrawCommand::DrawCommand(
+		TileSheet &img,
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx subSheetIdx,
+		const ox::Vector<std::size_t> &idxList,
+		int palIdx) noexcept:
+		m_img(img),
+		m_subSheetIdx(std::move(subSheetIdx)),
+		m_palIdx(palIdx) {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	for (const auto idx : idxList) {
+		m_changes.emplace_back(static_cast<uint32_t>(idx), subsheet.getPixel(m_img.bpp, idx));
+	}
+}
+
+bool DrawCommand::append(std::size_t idx) noexcept {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	if (m_changes.back().value->idx != idx && subsheet.getPixel(m_img.bpp, idx) != m_palIdx) {
+		// duplicate entries are bad
+		auto existing = ox::find_if(m_changes.cbegin(), m_changes.cend(), [idx](const auto &c) {
+			return c.idx == idx;
+		});
+		if (existing == m_changes.cend()) {
+			m_changes.emplace_back(static_cast<uint32_t>(idx), subsheet.getPixel(m_img.bpp, idx));
+			subsheet.setPixel(m_img.bpp, idx, static_cast<uint8_t>(m_palIdx));
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+bool DrawCommand::append(const ox::Vector<std::size_t> &idxList) noexcept {
+	auto out = false;
+	for (auto idx : idxList) {
+		out = append(idx) || out;
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+void DrawCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	for (const auto &c : m_changes) {
+		subsheet.setPixel(m_img.bpp, c.idx, static_cast<uint8_t>(m_palIdx));
+	}
+}
+
+void DrawCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	auto &subsheet = m_img.getSubSheet(m_subSheetIdx);
+	for (const auto &c : m_changes) {
+		subsheet.setPixel(m_img.bpp, c.idx, static_cast<uint8_t>(c.oldPalIdx));
+	}
+}
+
+int DrawCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(CommandId::Draw);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&DrawCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_subSheetIdx;
+}
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/drawcommand.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "commands.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+class DrawCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
+	private:
+		struct Change {
+			uint32_t idx = 0;
+			uint16_t oldPalIdx = 0;
+			constexpr Change(uint32_t pIdx, uint16_t pOldPalIdx) noexcept {
+				idx = pIdx;
+				oldPalIdx = pOldPalIdx;
+			}
+		};
+		TileSheet &m_img;
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_subSheetIdx;
+		ox::Vector<Change, 8> m_changes;
+		int m_palIdx = 0;
+
+	public:
+		DrawCommand(
+				TileSheet &img,
+				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx subSheetIdx,
+				std::size_t idx,
+				int palIdx) noexcept;
+
+		DrawCommand(
+				TileSheet &img,
+				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx subSheetIdx,
+				const ox::Vector<std::size_t> &idxList,
+				int palIdx) noexcept;
+
+		bool append(std::size_t idx) noexcept;
+
+		bool append(const ox::Vector<std::size_t> &idxList) noexcept;
+
+		void redo() noexcept final;
+
+		void undo() noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int commandId() const noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept override;
+
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/inserttilescommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "inserttilescommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+core::InsertTilesCommand::InsertTilesCommand(
+		TileSheet &img,
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
+		std::size_t tileIdx,
+		std::size_t tileCnt) noexcept:
+		m_img(img),
+		m_idx(std::move(idx)) {
+	const unsigned bytesPerTile = m_img.bpp == 4 ? PixelsPerTile / 2 : PixelsPerTile;
+	m_insertPos = tileIdx * bytesPerTile;
+	m_insertCnt = tileCnt * bytesPerTile;
+	m_deletedPixels.resize(m_insertCnt);
+	// copy pixels to be erased
+	{
+		auto &s = m_img.getSubSheet(m_idx);
+		auto &p = s.pixels;
+		auto dst = m_deletedPixels.data();
+		auto src = p.data() + p.size() - m_insertCnt;
+		const auto sz = m_insertCnt * sizeof(decltype(p[0]));
+		ox_memcpy(dst, src, sz);
+	}
+}
+
+void InsertTilesCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	auto &s = m_img.getSubSheet(m_idx);
+	auto &p = s.pixels;
+	auto dstPos = m_insertPos + m_insertCnt;
+	const auto dst = p.data() + dstPos;
+	const auto src = p.data() + m_insertPos;
+	ox_memmove(dst, src, p.size() - dstPos);
+	ox_memset(src, 0, m_insertCnt * sizeof(decltype(p[0])));
+}
+
+void InsertTilesCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	auto &s = m_img.getSubSheet(m_idx);
+	auto &p = s.pixels;
+	const auto srcIdx = m_insertPos + m_insertCnt;
+	const auto src = p.data() + srcIdx;
+	const auto dst1 = p.data() + m_insertPos;
+	const auto dst2 = p.data() + p.size() - m_insertCnt;
+	const auto sz = p.size() - srcIdx;
+	ox_memmove(dst1, src, sz);
+	ox_memcpy(dst2, m_deletedPixels.data(), m_deletedPixels.size());
+}
+
+int InsertTilesCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(CommandId::InsertTile);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&InsertTilesCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_idx;
+}
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/inserttilescommand.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "commands.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+class InsertTilesCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
+	private:
+		TileSheet &m_img;
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_idx;
+		std::size_t m_insertPos = 0;
+		std::size_t m_insertCnt = 0;
+		ox::Vector<uint8_t> m_deletedPixels = {};
+
+	public:
+		InsertTilesCommand(
+				TileSheet &img,
+				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
+				std::size_t tileIdx,
+				std::size_t tileCnt) noexcept;
+
+		void redo() noexcept final;
+
+		void undo() noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int commandId() const noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept override;
+
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/palettechangecommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "palettechangecommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+core::PaletteChangeCommand::PaletteChangeCommand(
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
+		TileSheet &img,
+		ox::CRStringView newPalette) noexcept:
+		m_img(img),
+		m_idx(std::move(idx)),
+		m_oldPalette(m_img.defaultPalette),
+		m_newPalette(ox::FileAddress(ox::sfmt<ox::BString<43>>("uuid://{}", newPalette))) {
+}
+
+void PaletteChangeCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	m_img.defaultPalette = m_newPalette;
+}
+
+void PaletteChangeCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	m_img.defaultPalette = m_oldPalette;
+}
+
+int PaletteChangeCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(CommandId::PaletteChange);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&PaletteChangeCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_idx;
+}
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/palettechangecommand.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "commands.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+class PaletteChangeCommand: public TileSheetCommand {
+	private:
+		TileSheet &m_img;
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx m_idx;
+		ox::FileAddress m_oldPalette;
+		ox::FileAddress m_newPalette;
+
+	public:
+		PaletteChangeCommand(
+				TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx,
+				TileSheet &img,
+				ox::CRStringView newPalette) noexcept;
+
+		void redo() noexcept final;
+
+		void undo() noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		int commandId() const noexcept final;
+
+		[[nodiscard]]
+		TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&subsheetIdx() const noexcept override;
+
+};
+
+}

src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/studio/tilesheeteditor/commands/rmsubsheetcommand.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 - 2023 Gary Talent (gary@drinkingtea.net). All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include "rmsubsheetcommand.hpp"
+
+namespace nostalgia::core {
+
+core::RmSubSheetCommand::RmSubSheetCommand(TileSheet &img, TileSheet::SubSheetIdx idx) noexcept:
+		m_img(img),
+		m_idx(std::move(idx)),
+		m_parentIdx(m_idx) {
+	m_parentIdx.pop_back();
+	auto &parent = m_img.getSubSheet(m_parentIdx);
+	m_sheet = parent.subsheets[*m_idx.back().value];
+}
+
+void RmSubSheetCommand::redo() noexcept {
+	auto &parent = m_img.getSubSheet(m_parentIdx);
+	oxLogError(parent.subsheets.erase(*m_idx.back().value).error);
+}
+
+void RmSubSheetCommand::undo() noexcept {
+	auto &parent = m_img.getSubSheet(m_parentIdx);
+	auto i = *m_idx.back().value;
+	parent.subsheets.insert(i, m_sheet);
+}
+
+int RmSubSheetCommand::commandId() const noexcept {
+	return static_cast<int>(CommandId::RmSubSheet);
+}
+
+TileSheet::SubSheetIdx const&RmSubSheetCommand::subsheetIdx() const noexcept {
+	return m_idx;
+}
+
+}