diff --git a/src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.cpp b/src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.cpp
index 41a1413a..686b8782 100644
--- a/src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.cpp
+++ b/src/nostalgia/modules/core/src/opengl/gfx.cpp
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ static void setSpriteBufferObject(
 		uint_t textureRow,
 		uint_t flipX,
 		uint_t priority,
-		float *vbo,
-		GLuint *ebo) noexcept {
+		ox::Span<float> vbo,
+		ox::Span<GLuint> ebo) noexcept {
 	// don't worry, this memcpy gets optimized to something much more ideal
 	constexpr float xmod = 0.1f;
 	constexpr float ymod = 0.1f;
@@ -138,12 +138,12 @@ static void setSpriteBufferObject(
 	    enabled, x + xmod, y + ymod, prif, R, textureRowf + 0, // top right
 	    enabled,        x, y + ymod, prif, L, textureRowf + 0, // top left
 	};
-	memcpy(vbo, vertices.data(), sizeof(vertices));
+	ox::spancpy<float>(vbo, vertices);
 	ox::Array<GLuint, SpriteVertexEboLength> const elms {
-			vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
-			vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
+		vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
+		vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
 	};
-	memcpy(ebo, elms.data(), sizeof(elms));
+	ox::spancpy<GLuint>(ebo, elms);
 }
 
 static void setTileBufferObject(
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ static void setTileBufferObject(
 		float palOffset,
 		bool flipX,
 		bool flipY,
-		float *vbo,
-		GLuint *ebo) noexcept {
+		ox::Span<float> vbo,
+		ox::Span<GLuint> ebo) noexcept {
 	// don't worry, this memcpy gets optimized to something much more ideal
 	constexpr float ymod = 0.1f;
 	constexpr float xmod = 0.1f;
@@ -170,24 +170,35 @@ static void setTileBufferObject(
 	float const T = flipY ? 1 : 0;
 	float const B = flipY ? 0 : 1;
 	ox::Array<float, BgVertexVboLength> const vertices {
-			       x,        y, prif, L, B, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // bottom left
-			x + xmod,        y, prif, R, B, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // bottom right
-			x + xmod, y + ymod, prif, R, T, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // top right
-			       x, y + ymod, prif, L, T, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // top left
+		       x,        y, prif, L, B, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // bottom left
+		x + xmod,        y, prif, R, B, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // bottom right
+		x + xmod, y + ymod, prif, R, T, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // top right
+		       x, y + ymod, prif, L, T, textureTileIdx, palOffset, // top left
 	};
-	memcpy(vbo, vertices.data(), sizeof(vertices));
+	ox::spancpy<float>(vbo, vertices);
 	ox::Array<GLuint, BgVertexEboLength> const elms {
-			vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
-			vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
+		vi + 0, vi + 1, vi + 2,
+		vi + 2, vi + 3, vi + 0,
 	};
-	memcpy(ebo, elms.data(), sizeof(elms));
+	ox::spancpy<GLuint>(ebo, elms);
 }
 
 static void initSpriteBufferObjects(Context &ctx, glutils::BufferSet &bs) noexcept {
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < ctx.spriteCount; ++i) {
-		auto vbo = &bs.vertices[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexVboLength)];
-		auto ebo = &bs.elements[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexEboLength)];
-		setSpriteBufferObject(i * static_cast<uint_t>(SpriteVertexVboRows) * ctx.blocksPerSprite, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 0, vbo, ebo);
+		auto const vbo = ox::Span{bs.vertices}
+			+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexVboLength);
+		auto const ebo = ox::Span{bs.elements}
+			+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(SpriteVertexEboLength);
+		setSpriteBufferObject(
+			i * static_cast<uint_t>(SpriteVertexVboRows) * ctx.blocksPerSprite,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0,
+			false,
+			0,
+			vbo,
+			ebo);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -195,8 +206,10 @@ static void initBackgroundBufferObjects(glutils::BufferSet &bs) noexcept {
 	for (auto x = 0u; x < TileColumns; ++x) {
 		for (auto y = 0u; y < TileRows; ++y) {
 			const auto i = bgVertexRow(x, y);
-			auto vbo = &bs.vertices[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexVboLength)];
-			auto ebo = &bs.elements[i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexEboLength)];
+			auto const vbo = ox::Span{bs.vertices}
+				+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexVboLength);
+			auto const ebo = ox::Span{bs.elements}
+				+ i * static_cast<std::size_t>(BgVertexEboLength);
 			setTileBufferObject(
 				static_cast<uint_t>(i * BgVertexVboRows),
 				static_cast<float>(x),
@@ -421,8 +434,8 @@ static void setSprite(
 		auto const eboIdx = eboBase + renderer::SpriteVertexEboLength * i;
 		oxAssert(vboIdx < ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices.size(), "vbo overflow");
 		oxAssert(eboIdx < ctx.spriteBlocks.elements.size(), "ebo overflow");
-		auto const vbo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices[vboIdx];
-		auto const ebo = &ctx.spriteBlocks.elements[eboIdx];
+		auto const vbo = ox::Span{ctx.spriteBlocks.vertices} + vboIdx;
+		auto const ebo = ox::Span{ctx.spriteBlocks.elements} + eboIdx;
 		renderer::setSpriteBufferObject(
 				static_cast<uint_t>(vboIdx),
 				enabled,
@@ -556,7 +569,7 @@ static void copyPixels(
 		CompactTileSheet const&ts,
 		ox::Span<uint32_t> dst,
 		size_t const srcPxIdx,
-		size_t pxlCnt) noexcept {
+		size_t const pxlCnt) noexcept {
 	size_t idx{};
 	if (ts.bpp == 4) {
 		for (size_t i = 0; i < pxlCnt; i += 2) {
@@ -656,8 +669,8 @@ void setBgTile(
 	const auto x = static_cast<uint_t>(column);
 	const auto i = renderer::bgVertexRow(x, y);
 	auto &cbb = ctx.cbbs[z];
-	const auto vbo = &cbb.vertices[i * renderer::BgVertexVboLength];
-	const auto ebo = &cbb.elements[i * renderer::BgVertexEboLength];
+	const auto vbo = ox::Span{cbb.vertices} + i * renderer::BgVertexVboLength;
+	const auto ebo = ox::Span{cbb.elements} + i * renderer::BgVertexEboLength;
 	auto &bg = ctx.backgrounds[bgIdx];
 	renderer::setTileBufferObject(
 			static_cast<uint_t>(i * renderer::BgVertexVboRows),